The Status of the World’s Endangered Languages

2018 ◽  
pp. 20-47
Author(s):  
Anna Belew ◽  
Sean Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Linguistic Vitality

This chapter provides an overview of the status of the world’s endangered languages, based primarily on data from the Catalogue of Endangered Languages. Difficulties in identifying and enumerating endangered languages and obstacles to assessing linguistic vitality on a large scale are discussed. Statistical overviews are provided of language endangerment by global region, comparing trends in language endangerment across the world. The availability (or widespread absence) of the kinds of data necessary to assess language endangerment is examined, and we encourage linguists to include these types of data in their field reports and other published work. Finally, widely circulated statistics of language endangerment and death are considered.

The Status of Endangered Contact Languages of the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-318
Author(s):  
Nala H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Language Contact ◽  
Language Shift ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Mixed Languages

This article provides an up-to-date perspective on the endangerment that contact languages around the world are facing, with a focus on pidgins, creoles, and mixed languages. While language contact is often associated with language shift and hence language endangerment, languages arising from contact also can and do face the risk of endangerment. Recent observations and studies show that contact languages may be at twice the risk of endangerment and loss compared with noncontact languages. The loss of these languages is highly consequential. The arguments that usually apply to why noncontact languages should be conserved also apply to many of these contact languages. This article highlights recent work on the documentation and preservation of contact languages and suggests that much more can be done to protect and conserve this unique category of languages.

scholarly journals Seaweed resources of Brazil: what has changed in 20 years?

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Simioni ◽  
Leila Hayashi ◽  
Mariana C. Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Seaweed Cultivation ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Janeiro State

Abstract In 1998 Critchley and Ohno published the book Seaweed resources of the world presenting a synthesis of knowledge on the subject from different regions and countries globally. One chapter by E.C. Oliveira was focused on Brazil. In this article, we present an update of the economically relevant species of Brazilian seaweeds, and their distribution along the coastline, and what has changed over 20 years in the status of the exploited resources, the new species with commercial potential, and relevant legislation. The only introduced commercial species, Kappaphycus alvarezii, was economically exploited for a while in Rio de Janeiro State, but nowadays there are no commercial activities on a large scale. Gracilaria farms in the northeast are still on an artisanal scale, but the expansion of activity is compromised by legal and bureaucratic barriers. Regulations related to the exploitation of natural beds and to the introduction of new strains of K. alvarezii were created between 2006 and 2008. At the end of this article, we present a reflection of what lessons have been learned and what are the prospects for seaweed cultivation in Brazil.

scholarly journals Assessing linguistic vulnerability and endangerment in Serbia a critical survey of methodologies and outcomes

Balcanica ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 65-104
Author(s):  
Annemarie Sorescu-Marinkovic ◽  
Mirjana Miric ◽  
Svetlana Cirkovic
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Support ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
Critical Survey ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
The World ◽  
Local Sources

The paper offers a critical survey of vulnerable and endangered languages and linguistic varieties in Serbia presented in three international inventories: UNESCO?s Atlas of the World?s Languages in Danger, Ethnologue and The Catalogue of Endangered Languages. As the inventories differ widely in terms of assessing the exact level of language endangerment and vulnerability, and lack to provide empirical support for their assessment, the paper provides thorough information from official local sources, relevant studies and the authors? own field research, when available, on the language categorized as endangered (Aromanian, Banat Bulgarian, Judezmo, Vojvodina Rusyn, Romani), but also presents additional linguistic varieties which have not been registered yet by any of the mentioned inventories (Megleno-Romanian, Bayash Romanian and Vlach Romanian).

Africa’s Endangered Languages

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Kandybowicz ◽  
Harold Torrence
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Endangered Languages ◽  
African Language ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
African Languages ◽  
Language Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Threat Levels

This chapter provides an overview of language endangerment in sub-Saharan Africa, highlighting previous efforts to document the continent’s endangered languages and ascertain their threat levels, the unique state of language endangerment in Africa as compared to other parts of the world, and the challenges to documentation and revitalization efforts posed by Africa’s endangered languages. As a consequence of these challenges, a disproportionately low amount of research and funding is devoted to the study of endangered African languages when compared to any other linguistically threatened region in the world. We propose nurturing synergistic partnerships between documentary and theoretical linguists researching endangered African languages to stimulate and enhance the depth, visibility, and impact of endangered African language research in the hope of reversing this trend.

scholarly journals Analisis Rantai Markov dalam Memprediksi Status Pasien COVID-19 di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Nabila Nurita Putri ◽  
Triyana Muliawati
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cure Rate ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Markov Chain Method ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Type ◽  
Health Organization

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by a new type of corona virus, beta coronavirus. The spread of COVID-19 can occur through human interactions. On March 9, 2020 the WHO (World Health Organization) officially declared COVID-19 a pandemic. This means that COVID-19 has spread widely in the world. Until now, there has not been found a drug to treat COVID-19. So, it is necessary to predict when the COVID-19 pandemic will end. This study discusses the Markov chain method in predicting the status of COVID-19 patients in Indonesia. The prediction of the number of people who are positive for COVID-19, recovered, and die can be one of the government's bases for determining when the large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) will end. The results of the study stated that the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia would end at the end of 2020. On December 5, 2020 there were no more people infected with COVID-19 with a cure rate of 29.815% of patients with COVID-19 and a death rate of 3, 5933%.

TO THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR TORTURE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
ASTEMIR ZHURTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as humiliate the dignity, are prohibited in most countries of the world, and Russia is no exception in this issue. The article presents an analysis of the institution of responsibility for torture in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the current criminal law of Russia superficially and fragmentally regulates liability for torture, in connection with which the author formulated the proposals to define such act as an independent crime. In the frame of modern globalization, the world community pays special attention to the protection of human rights, in connection with which large-scale international standards have been created a long time ago. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international acts enshrine prohibitions of cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as degrade the dignity.Considering the historical experience of the past, these standards focus on the prohibition of any kind of torture, regardless of the purpose of their implementation.

Impact of Social Media on English Language: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Dr. Neha Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
English Language ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
International Level ◽  
Class Society ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Media ◽  
Subsequent Rise

Language being a potent vehicle of transmitting cultural values, norms and beliefs remains a central factor in determining the status of any nation. India is a multilingual country which tends to encourage people to use English at national and international level. Basically English in India owes its presence to the British but its subsequent rise is not fully attributable to the British. It has now become the language of wider communication which is now spoken by large number of people all over the world. It is influenced by many factors such as class, society, developments in science and technology etc. However the major influence on English language is and has been the media.

MANAGING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN TEACHING AT HIGH SCHOOLS IN VINH YEN CITY, VINH PHUC PROVINCE MEETS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Kha Thap
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Surface Strength ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Information Technology Application

Entering the XXI century and especially in the period of the industrial revolution has entered the era of IT with the knowledge economy in the trend of globalization. The 4.0 mankind development of ICT, especially the Internet has had a strong impact and make changes to all activities profound social life of every country in the world. Through surveys in six high School, interviewed 85 managers and teachers on the status of the management of information technology application in teaching, author of the article used the SWOT method to distribute surface strength, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges from which to export 7 management measures consistent with reality. 7 measures have been conducting trials and the results showed that 07 measures of necessary and feasible.

FAMILY TRADITIONS: REFLECTION OF SOME FAMILY TRADITIONS IN THE LINGUISTIC PICTURE OF THE WORLD (ON THE BASIS OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK PROVERBS AND IDIOMS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Feruza Mamatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
The World ◽  
Marriage Partner ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject

The present paper aims to compare the principles of choosing a marriage partner and analyse the status of being in the marrriage in the frame of family traditions that are totally inherent to the both of the nations: English and Uzbek. It is known that interconnection and cross-cultural communication between the countries of these two nationalities have been recently developed. The purpose to give an idea about these types of family traditions and prevent any misunderstanding that might occur in the communications makes our investigation topical one. The research used phraseological units as an object and the marriage aspects as the subject

EMPOWERING WOMEN THROUGH ENTREPRENEURSHIP: ASPECTS AND APPROACHES

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
JAVED ALAM SHEIKH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Substantial Contribution ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
World Population ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Map ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status

Almost 50 per cent of the world population is constituted by the women and they have been making substantial contribution to socio-economic development. But, unfortunately their tremendous contribution remains unrecognized and unnoticed in most of the developing and least developed countries causing the problem of poverty among them. Empowering women has become the key element in the development of an economy. With women moving forward, the family moves, the village moves and the nation moves. Hence, improving the status of women by way of their economic empowerment is highly called for. Entrepreneurship is a key tool for the economic empowerment of women around the world for alleviating poverty. Entrepreneurship is now widely recognized as a tool of economic development in India also. In this paper I have tried to discuss the reasons and role of Women Entrepreneurship with the help of Push and Pull factors. In the last I have also discussed the problems and the road map of Women Entrepreneurs development in India.

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