Effect of Balance Training Versus Stretching Relaxation Exercise in Memory and Spatial Cognition Enhancement on Healthy Adults

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah Soliman ◽  
Hisham Mohamed Taha ◽  
Noha Ali Shafik ◽  
Ahmed Abd El-Hameed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Relaxation Training ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Relaxation Exercise

Abstract Background Physical exercise has been shown to improve cognitive functions. However, it is still unknown which type of exercise affects cognition. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that demanding balance training program improves memory and spatial cognition. Objective To test the effect of balance training versus stretching relaxation exercise on memory and spatial cognition in cognitive enhancement. Patients and Methods Participants randomly assigned into 2 groups, 40 participants in balance training group and 40 participants in stretching relaxation training group: Participants trained in groups of 10–12 individuals. Each group trained four times a week for 6 weeks. Each session lasts for 50 minutes. Training groups instructed by the same professional trainers. Each participant took part in 24 training sessions in total. All participants advised not to change their habitual level of physical activity throughout the intervention period. Results Balance performance improved only in the balance group from pre- to post-training from 85.8±3.0 to 95.0±2.2. Only the balance group improved in memory in wechsler IQ test from 94.6±2.6 to 108.0±4.5 and spatial cognitive abilities in spatial reasoning from 17.5±5.0 to 26.2±5.2. Finally, none of the two groups displayed changes in mismatch negativity test. The findings suggest that systematic balance training is capable of enhancing some cognitive functions, such as memory and spatial cognition. Conclusion In sum, we are able to conclude that 6 weeks of balance training in healthy adults has positive effects on memory and spatial cognition, and an increase in cardiorespiratory fitness does not seem to be necessary to induce beneficial effects of physical exercise on cognition. From an applied perspective, balance training might represent a promising alternative intervention for individuals who are not able to participate in aerobic training following health restrictions.

scholarly journals Balance training improves memory and spatial cognition in healthy adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Kathrin Rogge ◽  
Brigitte Röder ◽  
Astrid Zech ◽  
Volker Nagel ◽  
Karsten Hollander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Healthy Adults

scholarly journals Benefits of VR Physical Exercise on Cognition in Older Adults with and without Mild Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 883
Author(s):  
Kohei Sakaki ◽  
Rui Nouchi ◽  
Yutaka Matsuzaki ◽  
Toshiki Saito ◽  
Jérôme Dinet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aging Populations

It is well known that physical exercise has beneficial effects on cognitive function in older adults. Recently, several physical exercise programs with virtual reality (VR) have been proposed to support physical exercise benefits. However, it is still unclear whether VR physical exercise (VR-PE) has positive effects on cognitive function in older adults. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review (SR) of the effects of VR-PE on cognitive function in older adults with and without cognitive decline. We used academic databases to search for research papers. The criteria were intervention study using any VR-PE, participants were older adults with and without mild cognitive decline (not dementia), and cognitive functions were assessed. We found that 6 of 11 eligible studies reported the significant benefits of the VR-PE on a wide range of cognitive functions in aging populations. The SR revealed that VR-PE has beneficial effects on the inhibition of executive functions in older adults with and without mild cognitive decline. Moreover, VR-PE selectively leads to improvements in shifting and general cognitive performance in healthy older adults. The SR suggests that VR-PE could be a successful approach to improve cognitive function in older adults with and without cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Author Correction: Balance training improves memory and spatial cognition in healthy adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Kathrin Rogge ◽  
Brigitte Röder ◽  
Astrid Zech ◽  
Volker Nagel ◽  
Karsten Hollander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Healthy Adults

scholarly journals Beer or Ethanol Effects on the Body Composition Response to High-Intensity Interval Training. The BEER-HIIT Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molina-Hidalgo ◽  
De-la-O ◽  
Jurado-Fasoli ◽  
Amaro-Gahete ◽  
Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
The Body ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is promoted as a time-efficient strategy to improve body composition but concomitant beer intake, which is common among physically active individuals, may interfere with these effects. The primary aim of this study is to determine the effects of a 10-week (2 days/week) HIIT program on anthropometric and body composition measurements, and to assess whether those effects are influenced by the moderate consumption of beer (at least 5 days/week), or its alcohol equivalent. Young (24 ± 6 years old) healthy adults (n = 72, 35 females) volunteered for a non-training group (Non-Training group) or for HIIT training. Those going for training choose whether they preferred to receive alcohol or not. Those choosing alcohol were randomly allocated for receiving beer (5.4%; T-Beer group) or the equivalent amount of alcohol (vodka; T-Ethanol group) in sparkling water. Those choosing no-alcohol were randomly allocated for receiving alcohol-free beer (0.0%; T-0.0Beer group) or sparkling water (T-Water group). From Monday through Friday, men ingested 330 mL of the beverage with lunch and 330 mL with dinner; women ingested 330 mL with dinner. Before and after the intervention, anthropometry and body composition, through dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry, were measured. No changes in body mass, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, visceral adipose tissue or bone mineral density occurred in any of the groups. By contrast, in all the training groups, significant decreases in fat mass together with increases in lean mass (all p < 0.05) occurred. These positive effects were not influenced by the regular intake of beer or alcohol. In conclusion, a moderate beer intake does not blunt the positive effect of 10-week HIIT on body composition in young healthy adults.

Caffeine and Placebo Expectation

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfeng Sun ◽  
Yinling Zhang ◽  
Ning He ◽  
Xufeng Liu ◽  
Danmin Miao
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cardiovascular Regulation ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pressure Tests ◽  
Healthy Males

Abstract. Caffeine placebo expectation seems to improve vigilance and cognitive performance. This study investigated the effect of caffeine and placebo expectation on vigilance and cognitive performance during 28 h sleep deprivation. Ten healthy males volunteered to take part in the double-blind, cross-over study, which required participants to complete five treatment periods of 28 h separated by 1-week wash-out intervals. The treatments were no substance (Control); caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 (C200); placebo 200 mg at 00:00 (P200); twice caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 and 04:00 (C200-C200); caffeine 200 mg at 00:00 and placebo 200 mg at 04:00 (C200-P200). Participants were told that all capsules were caffeine and given information about the effects of caffeine to increase expectation. Vigilance was assessed by a three-letter cancellation test, cognitive functions by the continuous addition test and Stroop test, and cardiovascular regulation by heart rate and blood pressure. Tests were performed bihourly from 00:00 to 10:00 of the second day. Results indicated that C200-P200 and C200-C200 were more alert (p < .05) than Control and P200. Their cognitive functions were higher (p < .05) than Control and P200. Also, C200-P200 scored higher than C200 in the letter cancellation task (p < .05). No test showed any significant differences between C200-P200 and C200-C200. The results demonstrated that the combination of caffeine 200 mg and placebo 200 mg expectation exerted prolonged positive effects on vigilance and cognitive performance.

Effects of Balance Training through Various Ankle Inclination on Dynamic Balance in Healthy Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Nuri Kim ◽  
Kangmi Kim ◽  
Jeongeun Lee ◽  
Hakyeong Lee ◽  
Yuri Cha
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
Healthy Adults

Sex Differences in Cognition

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-66
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Hampson
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Spatial Cognition ◽  
Sex Steroids ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Human Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Organizational and activational effects of sex steroids were first discovered in laboratory animals, but these concepts extend to hormonal actions in the human central nervous system. This chapter begins with a brief overview of how sex steroids act in the brain and how the organizational-activational hypothesis originated in the field of endocrinology. It then reviews common methods used to study these effects in humans. Interestingly, certain cognitive functions appear to be subject to modification by sex steroids, and these endocrine influences may help explain the sex differences often seen in these functions. The chapter considers spatial cognition as a representative example because the spatial family of functions has received the most study by researchers interested in the biological roots of sex differences in cognition. The chapter reviews evidence that supports an influence of both androgens and estrogens on spatial functions, and concludes with a glimpse of where the field is headed.

Effects of Three Different One-Hour Single-Session Treatments for Test Anxiety

1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchell S. Ricketts ◽  
R. Edward Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Test Anxiety ◽  
Relaxation Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Change Scores ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Randomized Design

The effects of three different 1-hr. treatments for test anxiety were investigated using 155 undergraduate volunteers. The subjects were assigned by a block-randomized design to three treatment groups and a placebo procedure. The data showed that subjects in the relaxation-training group reported greater reductions of anxiety than those in the placebo procedure. No significant differences for academic achievement change scores were found among the groups. As with most lengthier treatments, a single 1-hr. session may reduce self-reported test anxiety but not improve academic achievement.

scholarly journals Metabolism of fatty acids, secondary complications and effects of physical exercise: integrative review

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Djeyne Silveira Wagmacker ◽  
Alice Miranda De Oliveira ◽  
Edna Conceição De Oliveira ◽  
Alan Carlos Nery Dos Santos ◽  
Luiz Erlon Araújo Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Secondary Complications ◽  
Positive Effects

Introduction: Diet is a complex set of exposures that frequently interact, and whose cumulative effects influence the results of health. This includes effects on systemic inflammation markers in metabolic disturbances and cardiovascular diseases. Various studies have been presented relating the effect of physical exercise on lipids, however, the results are still controversial. Objective: To describe fatty acid metabolism and the effect of physical exercise on secondary complications. Methods: An integrative review was conducted on topics in the Medline, Pubmed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, published up to the year 2017. Results: Fatty acids, depending on their biochemical characteristics and spatial configuration, have differentiated effect on cardiovascular health, however, studies still present contradictory results about the therapeutic use of certain fatty acids. Physical exercise appears to benefit fatty acid metabolism and attenuate the complications secondary to the intake of certain fatty acids, and potentializes the positive effects of distinct fatty acids. Conclusion: However, variants of physical exercise, such as intensity, duration, time of observation of effects of the results, limit the authors to concluding, with a certain degree of certainty, about the effect of physical exercise on fatty acids and secondary complications, since the studies in the literature continue to be contradictory.Keywords: fatty acids, exercise, inflammation, oxidative stress.

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