scholarly journals Effects of QDs exposure on the reproductive and embryonic developmental toxicity in mice at various pregnancy stages

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
Ling Chen ◽  
Fengxia Zheng ◽  
Pengfei Yang ◽  
Bolu Chen ◽  
Zoraida P Aguilar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Maternal Liver ◽  
Biomedical Fields ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Abstract Quantum dots (QDs) have recently attracted considerable attention in the biomedical fields because of their unique and excellent optical properties. However, information on their health effects, particularly in the reproductive system, is limited. The present study focuses on the effects of intravenous injection of CdSe/ZnS QDs on the reproductive system and embryo development at various stages of pregnancy in mice. The CdSe/ZnS QDs intravenously injected in mice during pregnancy accumulated in the maternal liver, uterus and placenta. This accumulation affected the growth and development of the embryo during the early and middle stages of pregnancy. Moreover, genotoxicity to the placenta after exposure to CdSe/ZnS QDs was demonstrated by the increased expression levels of genes related to oxidative stress and apoptosis and the reduced expression levels of genes related to the nutrient and waste transportation. Alterations in the gene expression levels have hindered the transport of metabolites across the placenta, which in turn affected the ability of the fetus to obtain nutrients.

Neuronatin gene expression levels affect foetal growth and development by regulating glucose transport in porcine placenta

Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146051
Author(s):  
Pingping Xing ◽  
Linjun Hong ◽  
Guanhao Yan ◽  
Baohua Tan ◽  
Jiaxin Qiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Foetal Growth ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Effects of selenium, zinc, insulin and metallothionein on cadmium-induced oxidative stress and metallothionein gene expression levels in diabetic rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huseyin Gungor ◽  
Haki Kara
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of selenium, zinc, insulin, and metallothionein on oxidative damage and metallothionein (MT) gene expression levels in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetic rats exposed to Cd.MethodsRats were categorized under eight groups (control, STZ, Cd, STZ + Cd, Group 5, Group 6, Group 7, and STZ + Cd + MT [n:8/group]) were used. After diabetes was induced by STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.), Cd was administered (1 mg/kg CdCl, orally) for 4 weeks. In cadmium-treated groups selenium (Na2SeO3 1.5 mg/kg, i.p.), zinc (ZnSO4 10 mg/kg via oral gavage), insulin (insulin glargine, 2U/day, s.c.), and MT (1mg/kg, every other 10 days, s.c.) were administered. MT gene expression levels, MDA levels, GPx, SOD, and CAT activity levels were determined in liver and kidney tissues.ResultsMT gene expression and MDA levels increased (p < 0.05) while GPx and SOD activity levels decreased (p < 0.05) in STZ, Cd, and STZ + Cd groups. In Group 5, Group 6, Group 7, and Group 8 groups MT gene expression and MDA levels were decreased while GPx and SOD activity levels were increased (p < 0.05). CAT activity significantly increased (p < 0.05) in STZ + Cd group while there were no significance in other groups (p > 0.05). Compared to the control, Group 5, Group 6, Group 7, and Group 8 groups provided no difference for alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels (p > 0.05).ConclusionsOur results suggest that Se, insulin, Zn and MT may have protective effects against hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity caused by Cd exposure in diabetic rats by reducing oxidative stress and MT gene expression levels.

The Effects of Amoxicillin, Cefazolin, and Gentamicin Antibiotics on the Antioxidant System in Mouse Heart Tissues

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 614-622
Author(s):  
Ahmet Savcı ◽  
Enver Fehim Koçpınar ◽  
Harun Budak ◽  
Mehmet Çiftci ◽  
Melda Şişecioğlu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouse Heart ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Improper Use ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Background: Free radicals lead to destruction in various organs of the organism. The improper use of antibiotics increases the formation of free radicals and causes oxidative stress. Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of gentamicin, amoxicillin, and cefazolin antibiotics on the mouse heart. Methods: 20 male mice were divided into 4 groups (1st control, 2nd amoxicillin, 3rd cefazolin, and 4th gentamicin groups). The mice in the experimental groups were administered antibiotics intraperitoneally at a dose of 100 mg / kg for 6 days. The control group received normal saline in the same way. The gene expression levels and enzyme activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GST, and G6PD antioxidant enzymes were investigated. Results : GSH levels decreased in both the amoxicillin and cefazolin groups, while GR, CAT, and SOD enzyme activities increased. In the amoxicillin group, Gr, Gst, Cat, and Sod gene expression levels increased. Conclusion: As a result, it was concluded that amoxicillin and cefazolin caused oxidative stress in the heart, however, gentamicin did not cause any effects.

Abstract P069: White Cell Gene Expression Related To Immune Function And Cumulative Blood Pressure During Young Adulthood And Middle Age: Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults (CARDIA)

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Myron D Gross ◽  
Bharat Thyagarajan ◽  
Sithara Vivek ◽  
David R Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antihypertensive Medications ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Cell Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Gene ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Introduction: High blood pressure (BP) is a global public health problem that is strongly associated with many aspects of cardiovascular disease. Approximately 90% of hypertension cases have unknown cause. Studies of white blood cell gene expression may help to clarify the pathobiology. Methods: Gene expression (25 genes) was assayed in CARDIA at the Year 25 Exam (N=3,074 black and white men and women in 4 US cities, examined in 2010-2011, age 42-56 years). Whole blood was collected in PAXgene Blood RNA tubes; mRNA was isolated using the PAXgene Blood RNA kit (Qiagen Inc., Germantown, MD). The nCounter analysis system (Nanostring Inc., Seattle, WA) was used to measure expression of 25 genes related to inflammation and oxidative stress. Gene expression levels were logarithmically (base 2) transformed to approximate a normal distribution, so 1 unit higher represents doubling of the expression. Average cumulative sitting rest BP exposure was calculated (N=2,823) as the time weighted average across ≥5 BP measurements among 9 CARDIA exams with ≥1 measurement in each of Set 1 Years 0, 2, 5, 7; Set 2 Years 10, 15; and Set 3 Years 20, 25, 30. We added 10 mmHg to the systolic BP and 5 mmHg to the diastolic BP at visits in which antihypertensive medications were used. Linear regression estimated associations between dependent variables cumulative systolic and diastolic BP and each of the 25 gene expression levels, adjusting for age, race, sex, clinic, and year 25 body mass index. Hypertension at year 25 was defined as BP >140/90 mmHg or taking antihypertensive medications and pre-hypertension at year 25 was defined as BP between 121-139/81-90 mmHg, not taking antihypertensive medications. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to estimate the cross sectional association between hypertension and gene expression after adjusting for the covariates mentioned above. Results: The mean ± standard deviation for cumulative systolic BP was 113±11 mm Hg and for cumulative diastolic BP was 72±8 mmHg. NADH Dehydrogenase [Ubiquinone] 1 Beta Subcomplex Subunit 3 ( NDUFB3) , a mitochondrial gene involved in the electron transport chain was significantly associated with both cumulative systolic (β=1.549; p<0.0001) and diastolic BP measures (β=1.281 mmHg/1 log 2 unit of expression; p<0.0001), even after Bonferroni correction. Other genes had weaker signals. Consistent with these observations, hypertension (n=898) at year 25 (OR: 1.737; p<0.001) and pre-hypertension (n=1,127) at year 25 (OR:1.288; p=0.005) were also associated with increased NDUFB3 expression. Conclusions: Expression of the NDUFB3 gene, an element of oxidative stress, was associated with BP assessed throughout young adult and middle age and with concurrent hypertension.

scholarly journals Effect of Genistein Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Mice Liver and Skeletal Muscle

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1028
Author(s):  
Cong Wu ◽  
Siyi Zhou ◽  
Sihui Ma ◽  
Katsuhiko Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of oral high-dose genistein (GE) administration on exercise-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response, tissue damage, and physical performance. Plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, liver interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) gene expression levels and skeletal muscle IL-6, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2), and increased immediately after exhaustive exercise. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and protein carbonyl (PC) concentrations in plasma and skeletal muscles were not altered by exercise or GE supplementation. Contrary to our expectations, GE supplementation increased liver protein carbonyl concentrations. On the other hand, GE supplementation significantly decreased SOD1, CAT gene expression levels in the liver and Nrf2, and HO-1 gene expression levels in the skeletal muscles. In conclusion, acute exercise was able to induce organ damage, inflammation, and oxidative stress in skeletal muscles and the liver. However, a single dose of GE supplementation before exercise did not lead to favorable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in this study. Moreover, the oxidative stress in the liver was actually aggravated by GE supplementation, slightly, along with the suppression of antioxidant enzyme expression. According to our findings, further studies are needed to use relatively low-dose and long-term GE supplementation to elicit its health-promoting effects.

Abstract 12423: Normoxic Therapy Attenuated Oxidative Stress Related mRNA Gene Expressions in a Post-Cardiac Arrest Rat Model

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 144 (Suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Aoki ◽  
Koichiro Shinozaki ◽  
Yu Okuma ◽  
Kei Hayashida ◽  
Ryosuke Takegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Mrna Gene ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Mrna Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Objective: We recently reported that post-resuscitation normoxic therapy attenuates oxidative stress in multiple organs and improves post-cardiac arrest (CA) organ injury, oxygen metabolism, and survival. Yet, detailed mechanisms of gene expression patterns and signaling pathways mitigated by normoxic therapy have not been elucidated. Therefore, we assessed post-resuscitation normoxic therapy-modified gene expression of oxidative stress-related signaling molecules. Methods: Rats were resuscitated from 10 minutes of asphyxial CA and divided into 2 groups: those that inhaled 100% supplemental O 2 (CA-FIO2 1.0) and those that inhaled 30% supplemental O 2 (CA-FIO2 0.3). Control groups were also prepared for comparison (control-FIO2 1.0, control-FIO2 0.3). At 2 hours after resuscitation, brain and heart tissues were collected, and mRNA purifications followed by real-time PCR measurements were performed to compare gene expression of hyperoxia-induced inflammatory and apoptosis-related signaling pathways amongst these groups. Results: In the brain, relative IL-1 beta mRNA gene expression levels, which represent inflammatory signaling pathways, increased post-CA (8.1±2.3 in CA-FIO2 1.0 and 1.0±0.4 in control-FIO2 0.3, p<0.05), but were significantly attenuated by normoxic therapy (2.3±0.2 in CA-FIO2 0.3, p<0.05). Likewise, normoxic therapy significantly reduced oxidative stress-induced inflammatory (NFKB1, TGFB1, MAPK14, TRAF6) and apoptosis-related (BAX, EGF) mRNA gene expression levels in the brain, whereas no statistical differences were detected in the heart. Conclusions: Post-CA normoxic therapy significantly attenuated the gene expression of oxidative stress-induced inflammation and apoptosis in the brain, while there were no remarkable changes in the heart. Therefore, it is inferred that the heart is more tolerant to hyperoxic injury compared to the brain.

scholarly journals Celastrol Prevents Oxidative Stress Effects on FSHR, PAPP, and CYP19A1 Gene Expression in Cultured Human Granulosa-Lutein Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3596
Author(s):  
Rita Martín-Ramírez ◽  
Rebeca González-Fernández ◽  
Deborah Rotoli ◽  
Jairo Hernández ◽  
Pablo Martín-Vasallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Fshr Gene ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

Regulation of oxidative stress (OS) is important to prevent damage to female reproductive physiology. While normal OS levels may have a regulatory role, high OS levels may negatively affect vital processes such as folliculogenesis or embryogenesis. The aim of this work was to study OS induced by glucose, a reactive oxygen species generator, or peroxynitrite, a reactive nitrogen species generator, in cultured human granulosa-lutein (hGL) cells from oocyte donors, analyzing expression of genes involved in oocyte maturation (FSHR, PAPP, and CYP19A1) and OS damage response (ALDH3A2). We also evaluated the effect of celastrol as an antioxidant. Our results showed that although both glucose and peroxynitrite produce OS increments in hGL cells, only peroxynitrite treatment increases ALDH3A2 and PAPP gene expression levels and decreases FSHR gene expression levels. Celastrol pre-treatment prevents this effect of peroxynitrite. Interestingly, when celastrol alone was added, we observed a reduction of the expression of all genes studied, which was independent of both OS inductors. In conclusion, regulation of OS imbalance by antioxidant substances such as celastrol may prevent negative effects of OS in female fertility. In addition to the antioxidant activity, celastrol may well have an independent role on regulation of gene expression in hGL cells.

scholarly journals A Sparse and Low-Rank Regression Model for Identifying the Relationships Between DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Levels in Gastric Cancer and the Prediction of Prognosis

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 854
Author(s):  
Yishu Wang ◽  
Lingyun Xu ◽  
Dongmei Ai
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Rank Regression ◽  
Prediction Of Prognosis ◽  
Gene Expression Levels

DNA methylation is an important regulator of gene expression that can influence tumor heterogeneity and shows weak and varying expression levels among different genes. Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous cancer of the digestive system with a high mortality rate worldwide. The heterogeneous subtypes of GC lead to different prognoses. In this study, we explored the relationships between DNA methylation and gene expression levels by introducing a sparse low-rank regression model based on a GC dataset with 375 tumor samples and 32 normal samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Differences in the DNA methylation levels and sites were found to be associated with differences in the expressed genes related to GC development. Overall, 29 methylation-driven genes were found to be related to the GC subtypes, and in the prognostic model, we explored five prognoses related to the methylation sites. Finally, based on a low-rank matrix, seven subgroups were identified with different methylation statuses. These specific classifications based on DNA methylation levels may help to account for heterogeneity and aid in personalized treatments.

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