scholarly journals Effect of Chronic Estradiol‐17β (E2) exposure on the expression of genes related to inflammation in the Arcuate Nucleus of female rats: Effects of aging.

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lakshmikripa Jagannathan ◽  
Sheba MohanKumar ◽  
Puliyur S MohanKumar
Keyword(s):  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

scholarly journals IGF-1 Gene Therapy Modifies Inflammatory Environment and Gene Expression in the Caudate-Putamen of Aged Female Rat Brain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugenia Falomir-Lockhart ◽  
Franco Juan Cruz Dolcetti ◽  
Macarena Lorena Herrera ◽  
Jerónimo Pennini ◽  
María Florencia Zappa Villar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Caudate Putamen ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Abstract Brain aging is characterized by chronic neuroinflammation caused by activation of glial cells, mainly microglia, leading to alterations in homeostasis of the central nervous system. Microglial cells are constantly surveying their environment to detect and respond to diverse signals. During aging, microglia undergo a process of senescence, characterized by loss of ramifications, spheroid formation, and fragmented processes, among other abnormalities. Therefore, the study of microglia senescence is of great relevance to understand age‐related declines in cognitive and motor function.We have targeted the deleterious effects of aging by implementing gene therapy with IGF-1, employing recombinant adenoviral vectors (RAds) as a delivery system. In this study, we performed intracerebroventricular (ICV) IGF-1 gene therapy on aged female rats and evaluated its effect on Caudate-Putamen unit (CPu) gene expression and inflammatory state. IGF-1 gene therapy modified senescent microglia of the CPu towards an anti-inflammatory state increasing the proportion of Iba1+Arg1+ cells. Moreover, IGF-1 gene therapy was able to regulate the pro-inflammatory environment of CPu in female aged rats by down-regulating the expression of genes typically over-expressed during aging. Our results demonstrate that, ICV IGF-1 gene therapy, is capable to modulate microglia cells and CPu gene expression, leading to an improvement in motor function.

Neonatal exposure to estradiol-17β modulates tumour necrosis factor alpha and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in brain and also in ovaries of adult female rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Nagamangalam Shridharan ◽  
Harshini Krishnagiri ◽  
Vijayakumar Govindaraj ◽  
SitiKantha Sarangi ◽  
Addicam Jagannadha Rao
Keyword(s):  
Recent Observation ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Neonatal Exposure ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

AbstractThe sexually dimorphic organization in perinatal rat brain is influenced by steroid hormones. Exposure to high levels of estrogen or endocrine-disrupting compounds during perinatal period may perturb this process, resulting in compromised reproductive physiology and behavior as observed in adult In our recent observation neonatal exposure of the female rats to estradiol-17β resulted in down-regulation of

Gender difference in the Oatp1-mediated tubular reabsorption of estradiol 17β-d-glucuronide in rats

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (6) ◽  
pp. E1245-E1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasumasa Gotoh ◽  
Yukio Kato ◽  
Bruno Stieger ◽  
Peter J. Meier ◽  
Yuichi Sugiyama
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Male ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

The gender difference in the urinary excretion of estradiol-17β-glucuronide (E2-17βG) was examined in rats. The urinary clearance of E2-17βG was >250 times lower in male than in female rats. No such major gender difference was observed in its biliary excretion or metabolism in kidney homogenate. Both plasma protein binding and inulin clearance were comparable in male and female rats, suggesting that this gender difference cannot be explained by glomerular filtration. The urinary clearance with respect to the plasma unbound E2-17βG in male rats was <1% of the glomerular filtration rate, indicating its potential reabsorption by the kidney, and this increased to a level comparable with that found in female rats when dibromosulfophthalein was coinfused. A marked increase in E2-17βG urinary excretion was also observed in male rats that had undergone orchidectomy. Testosterone injections given to female rats reduced the urinary excretion to a level comparable with that of control male rats. The concomitant change in the expression of the gene product for organic anion-transporting polypeptide Oatp1, of which E2-17βG is a typical substrate, was found in the kidney membrane fractions after these treatments. These results suggest that urinary E2-17βG excretion is subject to hormonal regulation and that the large gender difference can be explained by regulation in Oatp1-mediated reabsorption.

scholarly journals The Effects of Aging on Indices of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Female Fischer 344/Nnia X Brown Norway/BiNia Rat Heart

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Fannin ◽  
Kevin M. Rice ◽  
Srininvas Thulluri ◽  
Ravi Kumar Arvapalli ◽  
Paulette Wehner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Anion ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Nitrosative Stress ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Effects Of Aging

Oxidative-nitrosative stress may play a role in age-associated cardiovascular disease as implied by recent studies.However, limited research has been conducted using aged female rodent models. In this study, we examined hearts obtained from 6-, 26-, and 30-month old female Fischer 344/Nnia x Brown Norway/BiNia (F344xBN) rats in order to examine how aging affects levels of cardiac oxidative-nitrosative stress and apoptosis. Oxidative (superoxide anion and 4-HNE) and nitrosative (protein nitrosylation) stress markers were increased 180 ± 17 %, 110 ± 3 %, and 14 ± 2 %, respectively in 30-month hearts compared to the hearts of 6-month female rats. Coincident with these changes in oxidative-nitrosative stress, aging was also found to be associated with increases in the number of Tdt-mediated dUTP nick labeling (TUNEL)-positive cardiomyocytes, alterations in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and elevated cleavage of caspase-3. Regression analysis demonstrates significant correlation in the age-associated changes markers of oxidative–nitrosative stress with changes in apoptotic signaling. The findings from this descriptive study imply that age-associated increases in mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis may be associated with the increase in oxidative-nitrosative stress in the aging F344xBN female heart.

scholarly journals Effect of androgen on Kiss1 expression and luteinizing hormone release in female rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 233 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinuyo Iwata ◽  
Yuyu Kunimura ◽  
Keisuke Matsumoto ◽  
Hitoshi Ozawa
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Hormone Release ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Continuous Release ◽  
Ovulatory Dysfunction ◽  
Lh Release ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Lh Secretion

Hyperandrogenic women have various grades of ovulatory dysfunction, which lead to infertility. The purpose of this study was to determine whether chronic exposure to androgen affects the expression of kisspeptin (ovulation and follicle development regulator) or release of luteinizing hormone (LH) in female rats. Weaned females were subcutaneously implanted with 90-day continuous-release pellets of 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and studied after 10 weeks of age. Number of Kiss1-expressing cells in both the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) and arcuate nucleus (ARC) was significantly decreased in ovary-intact DHT rats. Further, an estradiol-induced LH surge was not detected in DHT rats, even though significant differences were not observed between DHT and non-DHT rats with regard to number of AVPV Kiss1-expressing cells or gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-immunoreactive (ir) cells in the presence of high estradiol. Kiss1-expressing and neurokinin B-ir cells were significantly decreased in the ARC of ovariectomized (OVX) DHT rats compared with OVX non-DHT rats; pulsatile LH secretion was also suppressed in these animals. Central injection of kisspeptin-10 or intravenous injection of a GnRH agonist did not affect the LH release in DHT rats. Notably, ARC Kiss1-expressing cells expressed androgen receptors (ARs) in female rats, whereas only a few Kiss1-expressing cells expressed ARs in the AVPV. Collectively, our results suggest excessive androgen suppresses LH surge and pulsatile LH secretion by inhibiting kisspeptin expression in the ARC and disruption at the pituitary level, whereas AVPV kisspeptin neurons appear to be directly unaffected by androgen. Hence, hyperandrogenemia may adversely affect ARC kisspeptin neurons, resulting in anovulation and menstrual irregularities.

scholarly journals Global transcriptome analysis of rat hypothalamic arcuate nucleus demonstrates reversal of hypothalamic gliosis following surgically and diet induced weight loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pernille Barkholt ◽  
Kristoffer T. G. Rigbolt ◽  
Mechthilde Falkenhahn ◽  
Thomas Hübschle ◽  
Uwe Schwahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Gene Expression Signature ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Laser Capture

Abstract The central mechanisms underlying the marked beneficial metabolic effects of bariatric surgery are unclear. Here, we characterized global gene expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc) in diet-induced obese (DIO) rats following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). 60 days post-RYGB, the Arc was isolated by laser-capture microdissection and global gene expression was assessed by RNA sequencing. RYGB lowered body weight and adiposity as compared to sham-operated DIO rats. Discrete transcriptome changes were observed in the Arc following RYGB, including differential expression of genes associated with inflammation and neuropeptide signaling. RYGB reduced gene expression of glial cell markers, including Gfap, Aif1 and Timp1, confirmed by a lower number of GFAP immunopositive astrocyte profiles in the Arc. Sham-operated weight-matched rats demonstrated a similar glial gene expression signature, suggesting that RYGB and dietary restriction have common effects on hypothalamic gliosis. Considering that RYGB surgery also led to increased orexigenic and decreased anorexigenic gene expression, this may signify increased hunger-associated signaling at the level of the Arc. Hence, induction of counterregulatory molecular mechanisms downstream from the Arc may play an important role in RYGB-induced weight loss.

scholarly journals Effect of GABA-T on Reproductive Function in Female Rats

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 567
Author(s):  
Wenyu Si ◽  
Hailing Li ◽  
Tiezhu Kang ◽  
Jing Ye ◽  
Zhiqiu Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Level ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Irreversible Inhibitor ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Expression Of Genes

This study explored the role of γ-aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T) in the puberty and reproductive performance of female rats. Immunofluorescence technique, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the distribution of GABA-T and the expression of genes and hormones in female rats, respectively. The results showed that GABA-T was mainly distributed in the arcuate nucleus (ARC), paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and periventricular nucleus (PeN) of the hypothalamus, and in the adenohypophysis, ovarian granulosa cells and oocytes. Abat mRNA level at 28 d was lowest in the hypothalamus and the pituitary; at puberty, it was lowest in the ovary. Abat mRNA level was highest in adults in the hypothalamus; at infancy and puberty, it was highest in the pituitary; and at 21 d it was highest in the ovary. After vigabatrin (GABA-T irreversible inhibitor) was added to hypothalamus cells, the levels of Abat mRNA and Rfrp-3 mRNA were significantly reduced, but Gnrh mRNA increased at the dose of 25 and 50 μg/mL; Kiss1 mRNA was significantly increased but Gabbr1 mRNA was reduced at the 50 μg/mL dose. In prepubertal rats injected with vigabatrin, puberty onset was delayed. Abat mRNA, Kiss1 mRNA and Gnrh mRNA levels were significantly reduced, but Rfrp-3 mRNA level increased in the hypothalamus. Vigabatrin reduced the concentrations of GABA-T, luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone (P4), and the ovarian index. Lactation performance was reduced in adult rats with vigabatrin treatment. Four hours after vigabatrin injection, the concentrations of GABA-T and LH were significantly reduced in adult and 25 d rats, but follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) increased in 25 d rats. In conclusion, GABA-T affects the reproductive function of female rats by regulating the levels of Gnrh, Kiss1 and Rfrp-3 in the hypothalamus as well as the concentrations of LH and P4.

Homozygous mutation of foxh1 arrests oogenesis causing infertility in female Nile tilapia†

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 758-769
Author(s):  
Wenjing Tao ◽  
Hongjuan Shi ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Hamidou Diakite ◽  
Thomas D Kocher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Iii ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Homozygous Mutation ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Oocyte Growth ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Estrogen Production ◽  
Estrogen Synthesis ◽  
Smad Protein ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Abstract Foxh1, a member of fox gene family, was first characterized as a transcriptional partner in the formation of the Smad protein complex. Recent studies have shown foxh1 is highly expressed in the cytoplasm of oocytes in both tilapia and mouse. However, its function in oogenesis remains unexplored. In the present study, foxh1−/− tilapia was created by CRISPR/Cas9. At 180 dah (days after hatching), the foxh1−/− XX fish showed oogenesis arrest and a significantly lower GSI. The transition of oocytes from phase II to phase III and follicle cells from one to two layers was blocked, resulting in infertility of the mutant. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that expression of genes involved in estrogen synthesis and oocyte growth were altered in the foxh1−/− ovaries. Loss of foxh1 resulted in significantly decreased Cyp19a1a and increased Cyp11b2 expression, consistent with significantly lower concentrations of serum estradiol-17β (E2) and higher concentrations of 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT). Moreover, administration of E2 rescued the phenotypes of foxh1−/− XX fish, as indicated by the appearance of phase III and IV oocytes and absence of Cyp11b2 expression. Taken together, these results suggest that foxh1 functions in the oocytes to regulate oogenesis by promoting cyp19a1a expression, and therefore estrogen production. Disruption of foxh1 may block the estrogen synthesis and oocyte growth, leading to the arrest of oogenesis and thus infertility in tilapia.

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