Effect of Exposure to Suicidal Behavior on Suicide Attempt in a High-Risk Sample of Offspring of Depressed Parents

Background: Suicidal behavior is a severe public health problem. Aims: To determine the rates of attempted and completed suicide among ethnic groups in The Hague, The Netherlands (2002–2004). Methods: By analyzing data on attempted and completed suicide (from the psychiatric department of general medical hospitals; the psychiatric emergency service and the municipal coroners). Results: Turkish and Surinamese females aged 15–24 years were at highest risk for attempted suicide (age-specific rate 545 / 100,000 and 421 / 100,000 person-years, respectively). Both rates were significantly higher than in the same age group of Dutch females (246 / 100,000 person-years). Turkish (2%) and Surinamese (7%) had lower repeat suicide-attempt rates than did Dutch (16%) females aged 15–24. Significantly lower suicide-attempt rates were found for Surinamese than for Dutch females aged 35–54 years. Differences were not explained by socioeconomic living conditions. The ratio fatal/nonfatal events was 4.5 times higher in males than in females and varied across age, gender, and ethnicity strata. Completed suicide was rare among migrant females. No completed suicides were observed in the Turkish and Surinamese females aged 15–24 years. Conclusions: The study demonstrates a high risk of attempted suicide and a low risk of completed suicide among young Turkish and Surinamese females.

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Interactive Effects of Acute Suicidal Affective Disturbance and Pain Persistence on Suicide Attempt Frequency and Lethality

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000588 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 413-421 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Megan L. Rogers ◽

Thomas E. Joiner

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Pain Tolerance ◽

Self Report ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Physical Pain ◽

Affective Disturbance ◽

The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Acute suicidal affective disturbance (ASAD) has been proposed as a suicide-specific entity that confers risk for imminent suicidal behavior. Preliminary evidence suggests that ASAD is associated with suicidal behavior beyond a number of factors; however, no study to date has examined potential moderating variables. Aims: The present study tested the hypotheses that physical pain persistence would moderate the relationship between ASAD and (1) lifetime suicide attempts and (2) attempt lethality. Method: Students ( N = 167) with a history of suicidality completed self-report measures assessing the lifetime worst-point ASAD episode and the presence of a lifetime suicide attempt, a clinical interview about attempt lethality, and a physical pain tolerance task. Results: Physical pain persistence was a significant moderator of the association between ASAD and lifetime suicide attempts ( B = 0.00001, SE = 0.000004, p = .032), such that the relationship between ASAD and suicide attempts strengthened at increasing levels of pain persistence. The interaction between ASAD and pain persistence in relation to attempt lethality was nonsignificant ( B = 0.000004, SE = 0.00001, p = .765). Limitations: This study included a cross-sectional/retrospective analysis of worst-point ASAD symptoms, current physical pain perception, and lifetime suicide attempts. Conclusion: ASAD may confer risk for suicidal behavior most strongly at higher levels of pain persistence, whereas ASAD and pain perception do not influence attempt lethality.

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The Role of Past Suicidal Behavior on Current Suicidality: A Retrospective Study in the Israeli Military

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020649 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 649

Author(s):

Leah Shelef ◽

Jessica M Rabbany ◽

Peter M Gutierrez ◽

Ron Kedem ◽

Ariel Ben Yehuda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Military Service ◽

Suicide Ideation ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Significant Risk Factor ◽

Severity Rating ◽

Significant Difference

Past suicide attempts are a significant risk factor for future suicidality. Therefore, the present military-based study examined the past suicidal behavior of soldiers who recently made a severe suicide attempt. Our sample consisted of 65 active-duty soldiers (61.5% males), between the ages of 18 and 28 years old (M = 20.4, SD ± 1.3). The inclusion criterion was a recent severe suicide attempt, requiring at least a 24 h hospitalization. This sample was divided into two groups, according to previous suicidal behavior, namely whether their first suicide attempt was before or after enlistment (n = 25; 38.5% and n = 40; 61.5%, respectively). We then examined the lethality and intent of the recent event in regard to this division. Four measures were used to assess the subjects’ suicidal characteristics: the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale, the Self-Harm Behavior Questionnaire, the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised, and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. No significant difference in the severity of the suicide attempts (either actual or potential severity) were found between those who had suicide attempts before enlistment and those who had their first attempt in the service. As a matter of fact, most of the suicide attempts that occurred for the first time during military service had used a violent method (58.3%, n = 21). Finally, using multivariate analyses, we found that current thoughts and behavior, rather than past suicidality, was the strongest predictor for the lethality of suicide attempts.

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Chromosome 22 Deletions and Suicidal Behavior in Schizophrenia

Neuropsychobiology ◽

10.1159/000513645 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Ali Bani-Fatemi ◽

Christopher Adanty ◽

Nasia Dai ◽

Ariel Graff ◽

Philip Gerretsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Copy Number ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Copy Number Variant ◽

Chromosome 22 ◽

Suicide Attempters ◽

Severity Rating ◽

Neuropsychiatric Diseases ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Studies have shown that the overall copy number variant (CNV) load is associated with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder that is frequently associated with suicidal behavior. Methods: We recruited 263 patients with schizophrenia from the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. The Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale was used to assess the presence of lifetime suicide attempt. Genotyping was completed using the Illumina Omni 2.5 chip. We tested the association between deletion events on chromosome 22 with suicide attempt in our schizophrenia sample. Results: There was no significant difference between suicide attempters and non-attempters considering the presence/absence of deletion events on chromosome 22. Conclusion: Although our results did not show a significant association between deletions on chromosome 22 and suicide attempt in schizophrenia, CNV studies may reveal important, novel insights and open further investigation for the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases.

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characteristics of suicidal behavior in a rural population

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1792 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. s885-s885

Author(s):

G.M. Chauca Chauca ◽

L. Carrión Expósito ◽

M.J. Jaén Moreno

Keyword(s):

Suicide Attempt ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Employment Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Health Organization ◽

Behavior Characteristics

IntroductionSuicidal behavior is defined as any behavior of self-harm with intent and knowledge of what is done. Suicide ranks among the 10 leading causes of death in the statistics of the world health organization.ObjectivesThe main objective of the study is to determine the sociodemographic characteristics of patients who have attempted suicide and the characteristics of this behavior.MethodsIt is a descriptive cross-sectional study.ResultsThe sample consisted of 70 patients, with a mean age of 41.17 years, most of them were women (58.5%). In relation to employment status, 31.4% were working, 21.4% unemployed, 14.3% were retired and 32.9% had other employment status. Among the characteristics of suicidal behavior characteristics, mode, forecasting rescue, previous suicidal behavior, previous outpatient follow-up and consumption of toxic evaluated. The most frequent method chosen was the voluntary intake of drugs (77.1%). The 67.1% were diagnosed with depressive disorder followed by personality disorders (20%).ConclusionsIn total there is a predominance of women in achieving some suicidal behavior, as well as a higher percentage among single, divorced or widowed (60%) versus married (40%). Also a higher percentage of patients unemployed, pensioners and others who do not receive income (68.5%) versus the occupationally active (22%). Another condition that must be evaluated in the suicide risk is having previously made a suicide attempt, in our study 54.3%. Since subjects with previous suicide attempt are four times more likely to try again. The results are also consistent with other studies that the most common disorder associated with suicide attempt is depressive disorder (67.1%).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Community-based aftercare following an emergency department presentation for attempted suicide or high risk for suicide: study protocol for a non-randomised controlled trial

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-019-7751-8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vida V. Bliokas ◽

Alex R. Hains ◽

Jonathan A. Allan ◽

Luise Lago ◽

Rebecca Sng

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

High Risk ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Hospital Emergency Department ◽

Hospital Emergency ◽

Community Based ◽

Treatment As Usual ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Suicide is a major public health issue worldwide. Those who have made a recent suicide attempt are at high risk for dying by suicide in the future, particularly during the period immediately following departure from a hospital emergency department. As such the transition from hospital-based care to the community is an important area of focus in the attempt to reduce suicide rates. There is a need for evaluation studies to test the effectiveness of interventions directed to this stage (termed ‘aftercare’ interventions). Methods A controlled non-randomised two group (intervention vs treatment-as-usual control) design, using an intention-to-treat model, will evaluate the effectiveness of a suicide prevention aftercare intervention providing follow-up after presentations to a hospital emergency department as a result of a suicide attempt or high risk for suicide. The intervention is a community-based service, utilising two meetings with a mental health clinician and follow-up contacts by peer workers via a combination of face-to-face and telephone for four weeks, with the option of extension to 12 weeks. Seventy-five participants of the intervention service will be recruited to the study and compared to 1265 treatment-as-usual controls. The primary hypotheses are that over 12 months, those who participate in the aftercare follow-up intervention are less likely than controls to present to a hospital emergency department for a repeat suicide attempt or because of high risk for suicide, will have fewer re-presentations during this period and will have lower all-cause mortality. As a secondary aim, the impact of the intervention on suicide risk factors for those who participate in the service will be evaluated using pre- and post-intervention repeated measures of depression, anxiety, stress, hopelessness, belongingness, burdensomeness, and psychological distress. Enrolments into the study commenced on 1 November 2017 and are anticipated to cease in November 2019. Discussion The study aims to contribute to the understanding of effective interventions for individuals who have presented to a hospital emergency department as a result of a suicide attempt or at high risk for suicide and provide evidence in relation to interventions that incorporate peer-workers. Trial registration ACTRN12618001701213. Registered on 16 October 2018. Retrospectively registered.

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Prevention in High Risk Children of Depressed Parents

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/070674378603100215 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 161-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Catherine Laroche

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Adult Patient ◽

Family Members ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Children And Families ◽

The Family ◽

The Impact ◽

Depressed Parents ◽

High Risk Children

Opportunities for prevention of psychopathology in children and families are often overlooked in the treatment of the depressed adult patient. Research and clinical findings are reviewed which highlight the impact on children and the family of depressed parents. They range from illness serious enough to require hospitalization to cases in which depression has not yet been diagnosed. These findings are used as guidelines for the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions for all family members.

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Predictors of Suicide Behavior Relapse in Pediatric Population

The Spanish Journal of Psychology ◽

10.1017/sjp.2018.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

Author(s):

Francisco Villar ◽

Carmina Castellano-Tejedor ◽

Mireia Verge ◽

Bernardo Sánchez ◽

Tomás Blasco-Blasco

Keyword(s):

Family History ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Longitudinal Design ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽

Increased Risk ◽

History Of

AbstractIdentifying patients at increased risk of suicide remains a challenge today. It has been reported that 10% of patients committing a suicide attempt end up dying and that both the risk and the severity of clinical symptomatology increase with the number of attempts. Within the framework of selective and indicated prevention, it is essential to identify the group of patients with an increased risk of recurrence. The objective of this study is to identify factors predicting suicide attempt relapse to improve the decision making process in the therapeutic approach to suicidal behavior. The methodology employed was a longitudinal design aimed at identifying factors, in a binary logistic regression model (stepwise), predicting the repetition of suicidal behavior among a sample of 417 participants aged between 8 and 17 years old, at the six months follow-up. A statistically significant model χ2(3, N = 417) = 18.610; p < .001; Nagelkerke R2 = .096 including the following factors was obtained: current diagnosis of personality disorder/maladaptive personality OR = .806, p = .028, 95% CI [1.091, 4.595], personal history of self-injury OR = .728, p = .043, 95% CI [1.023, 4.192], and family history of psychopathological diagnosis OR = .925, p = .021, 95% CI [1.151, 5.530]. Considering these results, having a diagnosis of personality disorder or maladaptive personality traits, presence or history of self-harm and family history of psychopathology draws a predictive profile of autolytic attempt recurrence during the six months after the initial intervention at the emergency room.

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When patients with OCD decide to seek, and not to avoid harm: The problem of suicidality in OCD

Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic ◽

10.1521/bumc.2018.82.4.360 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 82 (4) ◽

pp. 360-374 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriela M. Ferreira ◽

Natalie V. Zanini ◽

Gabriela B. de Menezes ◽

Lucy Albertella ◽

Louise Destree ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Life Events ◽

Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Stressful Life Events ◽

Obsessive Beliefs ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Future Studies ◽

Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic, distressing, and disabling condition associated with a high risk of suicidal behavior and death by suicide. In this study, the authors describe two cases of OCD patients who developed recurrent suicidal behaviors in response to stressful life events that appeared to “confirm” their obsessive beliefs (termed “confirmatory events”). In both cases, the authors used accepted strategies for treating suicidality in other contexts (such as antidepressants, lithium, and electroconvulsive therapy), which proved unsuccessful. Future studies should investigate personalized strategies to treat suicidality and prevent suicide in OCD patients.

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