scholarly journals Tensile tests on alloy crystals. - Part IV.— A copper alloy containing five per cent. Aluminium

1927 ◽  
Vol 116 (775) ◽  
pp. 694-702 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Film ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Vertical Section ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray

A previous paper described the preparation and tensile properties of brass crystals containing 25 to 30 per cent. zinc. Similar experiments have now been carried out with a copper-aluminium alloy containing 5 per cent, aluminium, which was kindly prepared by the Broughton Copper Company. Crystals of this alloy were easier to prepare than the brass crystals and the composition was more uniform, as unlike zinc, aluminium is not volatile. On the other hand, a very resistant oxide film forms on the surface, and the prepared surfaces of the crystals tarnish very readily. The bars were sound, except near the top, where very well-developed dendrites were formed. It was found on etching that the crystals were not always of uniform orientation throughout; and were very much cored. Bands of very slightly differing orientation occurred, of which fig. 1 (Plate 20) is an example. This has almost the appearance of lamellar twinning. Actually, X-ray measurements showed that both parts had the same relationship to the vertical axis, but that one part was rotated 7° with regard to the other, about their plane of union, which in this case was nearly perpendicular to the axis. Figs. 2 and 3 (Plate 20) are photographs of the cross-section and vertical section of the same crystal. The scratch in fig. 2 corresponds with the plane of the section shown in fig. 3. The cores are not developed uniformly, nor are they evenly spaced. In this particular crystal those perpendicular to the axis were most complete. X-ray measurements showed that both sections were {100} planes, indicating that the cores followed the cubic axes of the crystal, but as the photographs show, they were not equally developed along the three possible directions. This is in accordance with previous observations on the crystallization of metals.

Effects of Extrusion on the Mechanical Properties and Damping Capacity of Mg-1.8Cu-0.5Mn Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Yan Zhang ◽  
Li Ming Peng ◽  
Xiao Qin Zeng ◽  
Lin Du ◽  
Lan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solute Atoms

Effects of extrusion on mechanical properties and damping capacity of Mg-1.8wt.%Cu -0.5wt.%Mn (MCM1805) alloy have been investigated. Tensile tests and dynamic mechanical analyzer were respectively used to measure tensile properties and damping capacity at room temperature of as-cast and as-extruded MCM1805 alloy. The microstructure was studied using optical microscope, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Granato-Lücke model was used to explain the influences of extrusion on damping capacity of MCM1805 alloy. The results showed that extrusion dramatically decreases the grain size but has little influence on phase composition and solute atoms concentration of MCM1805 alloy, and the grain refinement was the dominant reason for the obvious increase of tensile properties and decrease of internal friction of MCM1805 alloy.

scholarly journals Neutralization and Salt Effect on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylic Acid Gels under Equivolume Conditions

Gels ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Yui Tsuji ◽  
Mitsuhiro Shibayama ◽  
Xiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyacrylic Acid ◽  
Salt Effect ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scattering Intensity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Gels ◽  
X Ray Scattering

The effects of neutralization and salt on the structure and mechanical properties of polyacrylic acid (PAA) gels under equivolume conditions were investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements and tensile tests. We attained the equivolume condition by immersing a piece of PAA gel sample in an ion reservoir containing linear PAA, NaOH, and NaCl at prescribed concentrations (post-ion-tuning). The volume fraction of the linear polymer was set to be the same as that of the gel so as to satisfy the iso-osmotic pressure at the reference state. Various types of reservoirs were prepared by adding NaOH and/or NaCl with different concentrations to the reference reservoir, followed by immersing a PAA gel piece. In the SAXS measurements, a scattering peak appeared, and the scattering intensity at q = 0 decreased by neutralization, while the addition of salt increased the scattering intensity. On the other hand, Young’s modulus measured with the tensile test decreased with neutralization; however, it scarcely changed with the addition of salt. The newly developed equivolume post-ion-tuning technique may serve as a new standard scheme to study polyelectrolyte gels.

scholarly journals Braze Welding TIG of Titanium and Aluminium Alloy Type Al – Mg

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Winiowski ◽  
D. Majewski
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alloy Type ◽  
Filler Metals ◽  
Scanning Electron

The article presents the course and the results of technological tests related to TIG-based arc braze welding of titanium and AW-5754 (AlMg3) aluminium alloy. The tests involved the use of an aluminium filler metal (Al99.5) and two filler metals based on Al-Si alloys (AlSi5 and AlSi12). Braze welded joints underwent tensile tests, metallographic examinations using a light microscope as well as structural examinations involving the use of a scanning electron microscope and an X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The highest strength and quality of welds was obtained when the Al99.5 filler metal was used in a braze welding process. The tests enabled the development of the most convenient braze welding conditions and parameters.

scholarly journals Research on the friction stir welding of Titanium Grade 1

2018 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 01006 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kosturek ◽  
M. Wachowski ◽  
T. Ślęzak ◽  
L. Śnieżek ◽  
J. Mierzyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stir Zone ◽  
Peak Hardness ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Weld Defects ◽  
Titanium Grade

In this research the three different FSW joints of Titanium Grade 1 have been performed by using tool made of W25Re alloy with different welding velocity values. In order to investigate the influence of FSW process on microstructure of joined material the light microscope observations have been performed on the etched samples. It has been reported that significant grain refinement occurs in the stir zone in all analyzed samples. On the other hand, occurrence of weld defects, such as tunneling defect and kissing bond has been noticed. The microhardness analysis of the cross-section of the obtained joints indicates on microhardness increasing in the stir zone by 40-60 HV0,1 compared to the base material. Peak hardness of stir zone in the researched samples has tendency to decrease along with increasing of welding velocity. The strength of obtained joints was designated in the uniaxial tensile tests and confronted with strength of base material. Despite the occurrence of weld defects the established joints efficiency contains in range 92-94%. It has been stated that Young’s modulus of Titanium Grade 1 FSW joints is 15-19% lower in comparison to the base material. At the same time, no significant influence of FSW on the ductility of material were observed.

First Metallurgy in Northern Europe: An Early Neolithic Crucible and a Possible Tuyère from Lønt, Denmark

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Birgitte Gebauer ◽  
Lasse Vilien Sørensen ◽  
Michelle Taube ◽  
Daniel Kim Peel Wielandt
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eds Analysis ◽  
Southern Scandinavia ◽  
Technical Ceramics ◽  
Copper Metallurgy

In this article we present the fragments of a crucible and a possible tuyère that provide evidence of early copper metallurgy in Scandinavia at least 1500 years earlier than previously thought. The technical ceramics were found in a cultural layer containing Early Neolithic Funnel Beaker pottery dating to around 3800–3500 bc beneath a long barrow dating to 3300–3100 bc. The presence of a copper alloy in the crucible is confirmed by three independent X-ray fluorescence analyses using both a hand-held and a stationary instrument, SEM-EDS analysis of a cross-section, as well as a Bruker Tornado μ-X-Ray-fluorescence scanner (μ-XRF). The transmission of metallurgy to southern Scandinavia coincided with the introduction of long barrows, causewayed enclosures, two-aisled houses, and certain types of artefacts. Thus, metallurgy seems to be part of the new networks that enabled the establishment of a fully Neolithic society.

scholarly journals Effect of Quartz-Silicon Dioxide Particulate on Tensile Properties of Aluminium Alloy Cast Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 727-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Sayuti ◽  
Shamsuddin Sulaiman ◽  
B.T. Hang Tuah Baharudin ◽  
Mohd Khairol A. Arifin ◽  
T.R. Vijayaram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Particulate Reinforced ◽  
Scanning Electron

This paper describes an experimental investigation of the tensile properties of quartz-silicon dioxide particulate reinforced LM6 aluminium alloy composite. In this experimental, quartz-silicon dioxide particulate reinforced LM6 composite were fabricated by carbon dioxide sand moulding process with variation of the particulate content on percentage of weight. Tensile tests were conducted to determine tensile strength and modulus of elasticity followed by fracture surface analysis using scanning electron microscope to characterize the morphological aspects of the test samples after tensile testing. The results show that the tensile strength of the composites decreased with increasing of quartz particulate content. In addition, this research article is well featured by the particulate-matrix bonding and interface studies which have been conducted to understand the processed composite materials mechanical behaviour. It was well supported by the fractographs taken using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The composition of SiO2 particulate in composite was increased as shown in EDX Spectrum and Fractograph.

The Influence of Severe Plastic Deformation on Structure and Mechanical Properties the Aluminium Alloy EN AW 6082

2014 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Lacková ◽  
Ondrej Milkovič ◽  
Marián Buršák ◽  
Tibor Kvačkaj
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cold Extrusion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ecap Process

The effect of severe plastic deformation by ECAP process on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the aluminium alloy EN AW 6082 produced by cold extrusion is investigated. In both states were evaluated the structural changes by light microscopy, the analysis particles in structures, by X-ray diffraction (XRD) in transmission mode by synchrotron radiation and mechanical properties. Severe plastic deformation leads to strengthening of investigated EN AW 6082 alloy but on the other hand the plasticity of ECAP-ed alloy decreases.

scholarly journals Non-Destructive In Situ Investigation of the Study of a Medieval Copper Alloy Door in Canosa di Puglia (Southern Italy)

Heritage ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-156
Author(s):  
Giovanni Buccolieri ◽  
Alfredo Castellano ◽  
Vito Nicola Iacobelli ◽  
Giorgio Giuseppe Carbone ◽  
Antonio Serra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Investigation ◽  
The University ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Made In

This paper reports the analyses carried out on the medieval copper alloy door (1111–1118 AD) of the mausoleum of Boemondo d’Altavilla in Canosa di Puglia (Southern Italy). The studied door is the smallest medieval bronze door extant in Italy and, unlike the other Byzantine doors, was most probably made in Canosa di Puglia and not in Constantinople. Analyses were performed to assess the chemical composition of the alloy patinas using a portable energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) instrument designed at the University of Salento. The experimental results suggested that the two door leaves have the same chemical composition, even if they appear different in both style and size. Furthermore, the alloy used for the door is different from the other previously-analyzed Byzantine bronze doors. The obtained results can be used in the future to compare the chemical composition of other Byzantine doors in order to better understand the manufacture of these precious artifacts.

scholarly journals Tensile Properties and Thermal Stability of Unidirectionally -Oriented Nanotwinned and -Oriented Microtwinned Copper

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jin Li ◽  
King-Ning Tu ◽  
Chih Chen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
The Other ◽  
Copper Foils ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electroplated Copper ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Tensile tests on two kinds of electroplated copper foils with twins before and after annealing were performed. One electroplating parameter results in a microstructure of <110>-oriented microtwinned Cu (mt-Cu), and the other is <111>-oriented nanotwinned Cu (nt-Cu). The latter shows higher thermal stability than the former after annealing. Though the toughness for the two as-plated foils are quite close, the toughness for the <111> oriented nt-Cu increased from 34 to 74 MJ/m3 after annealing at 250 °C for 3 h. In comparison, the toughness of the <110>-oriented mt-Cu remained almost the same after annealing.

scholarly journals Aqueous Processes for Dyeing Generic, Unmodified Polypropylene Fiber

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892501000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murari L. Gupta ◽  
Fred Cook ◽  
J. Nolan Etters ◽  
Xialing Wu ◽  
Hang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Dry Cleaning ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Exhaust Dyeing

Acid leuco vat dyeings of polypropylene (PP) fabrics in combinations of a trichromatic series of colorants (red, yellow and blue) plus an orange were performed in order to determine the compatibility of the component colorants in the developed single stage, batch exhaust dyeing process reported earlier.[1, 2] Cross-section micrographs of dyed fibers revealed the absence of “ring-dyeing”. Tensile tests and X-ray crystallinity results confirmed that the developed dyeing process did not significantly alter the tensile strength and modulus of the dyed PP textiles. PP fabrics dyed with simulated, continuous acid vat dyeing processes (pad-steam and pad-dry heat) demonstrated good color yields and levelness with adequate fastness to crocking, washing and dry cleaning.

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