scholarly journals Factors affecting the breeding of the field mouse ( Microtus agrestis ). Part I.—Light

1932 ◽  
Vol 110 (767) ◽  
pp. 313-322 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Microtus Agrestis ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Third ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Intense Light ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
At Will

The investigations described in this series of papers were partly experimental and partly observational. The first two papers will deal with the experimental work, and the third with the observational. The observational work has shown that Microtus agrestis has a definite breeding season in the British Isles, extending roughly from March till September. This species appeared to be a suitable one on which to experiment for the purpose of finding the factors which control the breeding season, a subject on which so little is known in any mammal. Our immediate object has been to find the factors, and not to find how they work. There seem to be two sorts of way in which they might work. Firstly, one could imagine that it might be physiologically impossible for an animal like Microtus to breed below a certain temperature, or in the absence of a certain foodstuff. There is, however, a second, quite different way in which such factors might act. It is possible that during the course of evolution Microtus might have evolved an adaptive response of stopping and starting reproduction when the temperature and food altered with the seasons beyond certain limits. One could imagine the natural selection of the offspring of those individuals which responded to the environment by breeding only at the most appropriate time for the rearing of the young. In our preliminary investigations we have not attempted to distinguish between these two possible modes of action of factors controlling the breeding season. Our object has been to find the factors, irrespective of the way in which they work. We have regarded the problem from the biological rather than the physiological point of view. No doubt we could stop Microtus from breeding by depriving it of vitamin E, or subjecting it to extremes of temperature ; but our experiments were planned in such a way that our animals were never subjected to unnatural conditions. They were never fed on unnatural foods, nor kept at higher or lower temperatures than occur naturally in Great Britain, nor given longer or shorter periods of light, nor more intense light. We were not anxious simply to stop and start the reproduction of Microtus at will, but to find what are the natural factors which control its breeding season in a state of nature.

scholarly journals The Factors of Deterioration of Natural Pastures From The View Point of Agricultural Employees in Al-Muthanna Governorate

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
Emad Fahad Nafeh Al-Bahli ◽  
Mahmoud Hadis Jassim Al-Jumaili
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Work Location ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The research aimed to determine the impact studied factors represented by (people’s activities, government activities, natural factors) on the deterioration of natural pastures in the Governorate of Al-Muthanna the point of view of agricultural employees in the governorate. The research included all agricultural employees with a preparatory scientific qualification in agriculture and above in the governorate their number is (94) employees. A questionnaire was prepared to collect the data necessary to achieve the objectives of the research. It consisted of two parts. The first part included the factors related to the employees, which are (term of service, academic achievement, participation in extension activities, job position and work location). The second part included a measure to identify the agricultural employees’ the point of view of on the factors affecting the deterioration of natural pastures. It consists of (46) section spread over (3) field covered by the research. The results showed that government activities have the most impact on the deterioration of natural pastures, it was found a statistically significant difference in the respondents’ point of view about the influence of the studied factors according to their personal characteristics. The researchers concluded the necessity of agricultural expansion in pasture lands and industrial investments, as well as the importance of personal factors in assigning employees who can work in the development of natural pastures, and the researchers recommend activating government laws for the protection of natural pastures to prevent abuses (people’s activities, government activities) that contributed greatly to the deterioration of vegetation cover in the research area and taking into account the factors studied in the selection of workers in the development of natural pastures in the research area.

A Review of the Mortgage Lending of Life Offices

1962 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 113-154
Author(s):  
R. W. Spittal
Keyword(s):  
Mortgage Lending ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fourth Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Mortgage Contract

SynopsisThe paper is divided into five sections. The first deals with the historical aspect of mortgage lending and the reasons which, over some 200 years, have modified the percentage of life funds applied in this way.The second section considers the place of this type of investment in the modern portfolio—particularly in the light of changing ideas on the relation of assets to liabilities.In the third section, the importance of the selection of suitable loans is stressed, and the general principles which should govern this discussed.The fourth section details certain classes of security and the factors affecting transactions in each class.In the concluding part, the author deals with the essentials of the mortgage contract.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic determinants of perceived influences on food choice in a nationally representative sample of Irish adults

2000 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kearney ◽  
JM Kearney ◽  
A Dunne ◽  
MJ Gibney
Keyword(s):  
Food Choice ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sociodemographic Determinants ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the most important motivations for food choice from the point of view of the consumer in the Irish population, and to characterize those subjects who do and do not regard nutrition as a significant consideration in food choice.DesignAs part of a pan-European Union (EU) survey on consumer attitudes to food, nutrition and health, a quota-controlled, nationally representative sample of Irish adults (n = 1009) aged 15 years upwards, completed an interview-assisted, close-ended questionnaire. Subjects selected three factors, from a list of 15, which they believed had the greatest influence on their food choice.SettingThe interviews for the survey were conducted in subjects' homes.Results‘Quality/freshness of food’ was the most frequently selected food choice factor (51%) followed by ’taste‘ (43%) and ‘trying to eat a healthy diet’ (36%). Female gender, increasing age and higher levels of education were found to be independent sociodemographic factors affecting the selection of ‘trying to eat a healthy diet’ as an important factor in food choice.ConclusionsAlthough included in the top five most frequently selected factors affecting food choice, nutrition/healthy eating does not appear to have top priority for the majority of Irish adults. There are differences between the various sociodemographic groups within the population; males and younger subjects appear to require specific nutrition promotion messages.

scholarly journals Armenian Amulets from the Collection of Armenian Orthodox Diocese in Baghdad

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 42-79
Author(s):  
Lusine Sargsyan ◽  
◽  
Davit Ghazaryan ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Western Art ◽  
The Third ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

This study is dedicated to the Armenian manuscript and printed Amulet1 of the Armenian Diocese of Baghdad (DAOB). In this collection of early printings, there are two printed Amulets in scroll (Pr. n. 14, second half of the 19th century and Pr. n. 15, A.D. 1716). The third Amulet is a manuscript written in 1736 in the city of Erzrum (Karin) for a certain Ohan (Ms. n. 13). The scanned copies of these amulets are currently available through the website of Hill Museum and Manuscript Library (HMML).2 Since this paper is the first study of these amulets, it presents them in terms of codicology and bibliographical study and discusses their decoration. The study of some iconographic details will help to reveal the practice of using amulets and their meaning, considering them as a representation of Armenian “folklore-art”, since scribes and miniaturists were partly free to choose texts and decorate them, even they were mostly works of the priesthood.3 It should be noted that as artifacts of the same genre, having a purpose of protection of their owners using incantations and prayers, very often the content and decoration of these three Amulets have similarities. From this point of view, Ms. n. 13 (A.D. 1736) and Pr. n. 15 (A.D. 1716) are more relevant to each other both in content and, accordingly, in decoration. A selection of prayers and illustrations to them show almost the same structure, and for the printed Amulet, we can certainly argue that such structure was typical (but not limited) for the printed Amulets in the Armenian tradition from the 18th to 19th centuries. Despite some similarities with two previous Amulets, the Pr. n. 14 (19th century) represent another structure of content and its decoration. It is enriched with prayers and illustrations which does not exist in mentioned above two examples of the 18th century. E.g. engravings depicting the life of Christ (Annunciation, Birth of Jesus Christ, Baptism, Resurrection, etc.), or portraits of the evangelists, accompanied by the passages from their Gospels. Our research shows that the publishers of this Amulet had an eighteenth-century prototype and took an innovative approach using Western art engravings.

scholarly journals Electropolishing Procedure Dedicated to In-Depth Stress Measurements with X-Ray Diffractometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (8) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Gadalińska ◽  
Wojciech Wronicz
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Universal Theory ◽  
Mutual Correlation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
Different Thickness ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractElectropolishing is the sole reliable method of removing the outer layer of the specimen without changing its stress state. This feature of the electropolishing procedure allows researchers to investigate the in-depth stress distribution. Developing of the method in a diffraction laboratory is crucial because there is no universal theory for the electropolishing procedure allowing the removal of the layers of different thickness. This is due to the multiplicity of different factors affecting the electropolishing results. A factor of vital importance from the point of view of indepth stress measurements is the thickness of the electropolishing layer. Hence the importance of the procedures for the electropolishing of a layer of a precisely defined thickness.This work deals with the problem of the selection of the parameters in the electropolishing process for two types of materials: stainless steel and aluminium alloy. The tests of mutual correlation of current intensity, voltage applied and time of the procedure and its results are presented in the paper.

scholarly journals Sexual Selections: "Explorations in the Anthropology of Sex

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Herring
Keyword(s):  
Human Sexuality ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Human Fertility ◽  
Sex And Sexuality ◽  
Sexual Selection Theory ◽  
Human Primate ◽  
Selection Of

The following selection of papers arose out of a half-year seminar course, The Anthropology of Sex, held at McMaster University in the winter of 1990. The course was originally conceived as a vehicle for scrutinizing the physical anthropological significance of current understandings of human sexuality and reproduction. As such, I imagined we would discuss human sexuality from the point of view of human and non-human primate biology, diversity, and evolution. I dutifully sketched out a fairly predictable range of topics, which included the origins and evolution of sexual reproduction, sex and sexuality in human evolution, factors affecting human fertility, the uniqueness (or not) of human sexual response and eroticism, variation in human sexual anatomy and physiology, sexual selection theory, sex differences between human and non-human primates, biological constructs of 'male' and 'female', sociobiological views of sex, the origins and evolution of sexually-transmitted diseases, and so on.

Tauchnitz for Translators. The Circulation of English-language Literature in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 161-179
Author(s):  
Outi Paloposki
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
English Language ◽  
Book History ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Book Production ◽  
German Publisher ◽  
Language Literature ◽  
Selection Of

The article looks at book production and circulation from the point of view of translators, who, as purchasers and readers of foreign-language books, are an important mediating force in the selection of literature for translation. Taking the German publisher Tauchnitz's series ‘Collection of British Authors’ and its circulation in Finland in the nineteenth and early twentieth century as a case in point, the article argues that the increased availability of English-language books facilitated the acquiring and honing of translators' language skills and gradually diminished the need for indirect translating. Book history and translation studies meet here in an examination of the role of the Collection in Finnish translators' work.

COMBINATORIAL POLYNOMIALLY COMPUTABLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SUBSTITUTIONS AND THEIR PROPERTIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR NIKONOV ◽  
◽  
ANTON ZOBOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Expectation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Computational Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bijective Function ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Element Base ◽  
Selection Of

The construction and selection of a suitable bijective function, that is, substitution, is now becoming an important applied task, particularly for building block encryption systems. Many articles have suggested using different approaches to determining the quality of substitution, but most of them are highly computationally complex. The solution of this problem will significantly expand the range of methods for constructing and analyzing scheme in information protection systems. The purpose of research is to find easily measurable characteristics of substitutions, allowing to evaluate their quality, and also measures of the proximity of a particular substitutions to a random one, or its distance from it. For this purpose, several characteristics were proposed in this work: difference and polynomial, and their mathematical expectation was found, as well as variance for the difference characteristic. This allows us to make a conclusion about its quality by comparing the result of calculating the characteristic for a particular substitution with the calculated mathematical expectation. From a computational point of view, the thesises of the article are of exceptional interest due to the simplicity of the algorithm for quantifying the quality of bijective function substitutions. By its nature, the operation of calculating the difference characteristic carries out a simple summation of integer terms in a fixed and small range. Such an operation, both in the modern and in the prospective element base, is embedded in the logic of a wide range of functional elements, especially when implementing computational actions in the optical range, or on other carriers related to the field of nanotechnology.

Displace of Documentary Heritage from the Soviet Union to Poland during the Third Decade of the XXth Century

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Tatsiana Hiarnovich
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
International Agreements ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Selection Of

The paper explores the displace of Polish archives from the Soviet Union that was performed in 1920s according to the Riga Peace Treaty of 1921 and other international agreements. The aim of the research is to reconstruct the process of displace, based on the archival sources and literature. The object of the research is those documents that were preserved in the archives of Belarus and together with archives from other republics were displaced to Poland. The exploration leads to clarification of the selection of document fonds to be displaced, the actual process of movement and the explanation of the role that the archivists of Belarus performed in the history of cultural relationships between Poland and the Soviet Union. The articles of the Treaty of Riga had been formulated without taking into account the indivisibility of archive fonds that is one of the most important principles of restitution, which caused the failure of the treaty by the Soviet part.

WISATA BAHARI PADA ZONA PEMANFAATAN TAMAN NASIONAL MANUSELA: POTENSI DAN FAKTOR PENGARUH PENGEMBANGAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
Ivonne R. G. Kaya ◽  
Fildo De Lima
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Income Sources ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
Tourism Attractions ◽  
Depth Interviews

Tourism has become one of the major players in ‎international commerce and represents one of the main income ‎sources for many developing countries at the same time. These dynamics have turned tourism into a key driver for socio-‎economic progress.‎ This article described the potential of tourism attraction and factor affecting the development of marine tourism area in the utilization zone of Manusela National Park. Semi-structured interviews, in-depth interviews and participant observations were conducted with respondent (n=110) in Bellarizky, Air Belanda, Ora Beach and Lizar Bahari resort. The potential of tourist attractions in the utilization zone of Manusela National Park is as a snorkeling, diving and point of view. Factors affecting the development are service, transportation, supporting facilities and tourism attractions.

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