scholarly journals Isolated sinusitis sphenoidalis caused by Trichoderma longibrachiatum in an immunocompetent patient with headache

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1249-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etelka Molnár-Gábor ◽  
Ilona Dóczi ◽  
Lóránt Hatvani ◽  
Csaba Vágvölgyi ◽  
László Kredics
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Trichoderma Longibrachiatum ◽  
Sinus Sphenoidalis

We present a case of isolated sinusitis sphenoidalis caused by Trichoderma longibrachiatum, an emerging causal agent of fungal infections with an often fatal outcome. A Trichoderma strain was isolated from secretion obtained from the sinus sphenoidalis of a rhinosinusitis patient and identified by sequence analysis of two loci as Trichoderma longibrachiatum from the Longibrachiatum Clade of the genus Trichoderma. T. longibrachiatum can trigger a fatal pathomechanism in immunodeficient patients, but only rarely causes disease in healthy people. The case presented is unique because the patient was not immunocompromised.

scholarly journals Intraventricular cryptococcoma mimicking a neoplastic lesion in an immunocompetent patient with hydrocephalus: A case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier A. Santander ◽  
Raquel Gutiérrez-González ◽  
Carlos Cotúa ◽  
Eva Tejerina ◽  
Gregorio-Boto Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Spanish Literature ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Primary Brain Tumor ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

Background: The aim of this study is to highlight the importance of cryptococcosis as one of the most common fungal infections of the central nervous system, stressing the consideration of a cryptococcoma within the list of differential diagnosis of intraventricular masses in immunocompetent hosts. Case Description: We present the case of an immunocompetent 41-year-old female from Philippines with an intraventricular cryptococcoma due to Cryptococcus neoformans, mimicking an intraventricular primary brain tumor, who had hydrocephalus. She was approached as having a neoplastic lesion and underwent surgical resection plus third ventriculostomy through endoscopy. Later in her evolution, we realized the infectious nature of the lesion, and antifungal systemic therapy was initiated. In the end, she needed the placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt to maintain a good neurologic status. Despite all our efforts, she had a fatal outcome due to various complications. Conclusion: Our case is the first intraventricular cryptococcoma due to C. neoformans, as far as we know, to be reported in English, German, or Spanish literature. Our report stresses the importance to consider this kind of infection in immunocompetent patients, to raise the level of suspicion of this diagnosis, and to know the complications and management options.

scholarly journals Nodular Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis due to Medicopsis romeroi in an Immunocompetent Patient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Deshkar ◽  
Niranjan Patil ◽  
Ashish Lad ◽  
Shraddha Amberkar ◽  
Swati Sharan
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Its Sequencing ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Dematiaceous Fungus ◽  
Dorsum Of Foot ◽  
Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Organ Tropism

Fungal infections like subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis are uncommon but are increasing lately, especially in tropical regions like India. Identification of correct aetiologic agent is essential as different species can have different organ tropism. Here, a rare case of nodular subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in an immunocompetent 62-year-old male patient who developed nodule over right dorsum of foot is reported. After various diagnostic tests a rare dematiaceous fungus Medicopsis romeroi was identified as a causative agent in the nodular material by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequencing. Surgical excision and antifungal therapy of itraconazole proved beneficial with no recurrence during a six months of follow-up. Medicopsis romeroi has been debated for its role in human infections however, it should be considered as one of the aetiologic agents of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis.

scholarly journals Invasive Fungal Infections in Under-Five Diarrheal Children: Experience from an Urban Diarrheal Disease Hospital

Life ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan Shaly ◽  
Mohammed Moshtaq Pervez ◽  
Sayeeda Huq ◽  
Dilruba Ahmed ◽  
Chowdhury Rafiqul Ahsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Severe Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Invasive Fungal Infections ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Co Morbidity

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are opportunistic, especially in immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. Children with IFIs are more vulnerable to a fatal outcome. For early diagnosis and treatment, knowledge of the spectrum and frequency of IFIs among children is prerequisite. In this prospective observational study, we enrolled 168 children of 2–59 months old of either sex from March 2018 to December 2019 admitted to the Dhaka hospital, icddr,b. Study participants with suspected IFIs were with or without severe acute malnutrition (SAM) along with sepsis/pneumonia and fulfilled any of the following criteria: (i) failure to respond to injectable antibiotics, (ii) development of a late-onset hospital-acquired infection, (iii) needed ICU care for >7 days, (iv) took steroids/antibiotics for >2 weeks before hospitalization, and (v) developed thrush after taking injectable antibiotics. The comparison group included non-SAM (weight-for-length Z score ≥ −2) children with diarrhea and fever <3 days in the absence of co-morbidity. We performed real-time PCR, ELISA, and blood culture for the detection of fungal pathogen. Study group children with SAM, positive ELISA and PCR considered to have a IFIs. In the study group, 15/138 (10.87%) children had IFIs. Among IFIs, invasive candidiasis, aspergillosis, histoplasmosis detected in 6 (4.53%), 11 (7.97%), and 1 (0.72%) children, respectively, and (3/15 [2.17%]) children had both candidiasis and aspergillosis. Children with IFIs more often encountered septic shock (26.7% vs. 4.9%; p = 0.013) and had a higher death rate (46.7% vs. 8.9%; p < 0.001) than those without IFIs. IFIs were independently associated with female sex (OR = 3.48; 95% CI = 1.05, 11.55; p = 0.042) after adjusting for potential confounders. Our findings thus implicate that, malnourished children with septic shock require targeted screening for the early diagnosis and prompt management of IFIs that may help to reduce IFIs related deaths.

scholarly journals Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis with Disseminated Infection in Immunocompetent Patient

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Moreno-González ◽  
Antoni Ricart de Mesones ◽  
Rachid Tazi-Mezalek ◽  
Maria Teresa Marron-Moya ◽  
Antoni Rosell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Healthy Woman ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Aggressive Treatment ◽  
Membrane Oxygenator ◽  
Pulmonary Aspergillosis ◽  
Disseminated Aspergillosis ◽  
Very High

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a rare pathology with increasing incidence mainly in critical care settings and recently in immunocompetent patients. The mortality of the disease is very high, regardless of an early diagnosis and aggressive treatment. Here, we report a case of a 56 yr old previously healthy woman who was found unconscious at home and admitted to the emergency room with mild respiratory insufficiency. In the first 24 hours she developed an acute respiratory failure with new radiographic infiltrates requiring Intensive Care Unit admission. A severe obstructive pattern with impossibility of ventilation because of bilateral atelectasis was observed, requiring emergent venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenator device insertion. Bronchoscopy revealed occlusion of main bronchi, demonstrating by biopsy an invasive infection byAspergillus fumigatusandA. flavus. Despite an aggressive treatment and vital support the patient had a fatal outcome. The forensic study confirms the diagnosis of IPA but also revealed the presence of disseminated aspergillosis.

scholarly journals Multilocus Sequence Analysis Reveals Genetic Diversity in Xanthomonads Associated With Poinsettia Production

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 874-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rockey ◽  
N. Potnis ◽  
S. Timilsina ◽  
J. C. Hong ◽  
G. E. Vallad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Spot ◽  
The Family ◽  
Systemic Infections ◽  
Spot Formation

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. poinsettiicola is traditionally identified as the primary causal agent of bacterial leaf spot on poinsettia (family Euphorbiaceae). Sixty-seven strains of xanthomonads isolated from lesions associated with several species within the family Euphorbiaceae were collected over a 64-year period. The pathogenicity of these strains was compared on several potential hosts and they were analyzed by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using six housekeeping genes. The 67 Xanthomonas strains associated with poinsettia production were separated into three distinct clades based on MLSA. The first clade identified contained the X. axonopodis pv. poinsettiicola reference strain (LMG849PT). A second clade was more closely related to X. hortorum pv. pelargonii (LMG7314PT) and the third clade contained the X. codiaei type strain (LMG8678T). This analysis indicated that there may also be other closely related pathovars or species of Xanthomonas that can infect poinsettia. Strains from the three clades could not be distinguished by symptoms or virulence on poinsettia plants. Strains capable of infecting geranium were found in all three clades, although the extent of leaf spot formation and number of systemic infections were significantly less than those produced by X. hortorum pv. pelargonii strains, typically the main causal agent of bacterial leaf spot on geranium. Clade III also contained strains isolated from zebra plant (Aphelandra squarrosa, family Acanthaceae), which is a newly recognized host for X. codiaei and X. axonopodis pv. poinsettiicola. Xanthomonas leaf spot is a serious threat to poinsettia production that can be caused by several Xanthomonas spp. that can infect different ornamental plant hosts. It is imperative that growers maintain a strict sanitation program because reservoirs of inoculum can occur on a number of ornamental hosts.

Invasive aspergillosis of the skull base in an immunocompetent patient: a diagnostic challenge

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e245517
Author(s):  
Alexandra Borges ◽  
Lìgia Ferreira ◽  
Ricardo Pacheco ◽  
Isabel Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Round Cell ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Small Round Cell ◽  
Tropical Climates ◽  
Small Round Cell Tumour ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

We describe the case of a 32-year-old man from Cape Verde having headache and increasing visual loss. Clinical and radiological investigations disclosed a massive destructive lesion involving the anterior and central skull base, orbit and nasoethmoid region initially interpreted as a malignant small round cell tumour. Surgical biopsies were negative for neoplasm, showing an intense inflammatory infiltrate together with fungus, later characterised as Aspergillus flavus spp. The patient was immunocompetent with no evidence of congenital or acquired immunodeficiencies. Invasive fungal infections in immunocompetent patients are rare and can be a diagnostic challenge. The best diagnostic clues include the patient’s origin from tropical climates, imaging features and the identification of fungal hyphae on pathology specimens. Although a devastating disease in immunocompromised patients, craniocerebral aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients carries a better prognosis. Available literature supports the combined used of ‘conservative’ surgical resection and antifungal therapy as the best treatment option.

scholarly journals Invasive Mold Infections: Virulence and Pathogenesis ofMucorales

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Morace ◽  
Elisa Borghi
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Invasive Mold Infections

Mucoraleshave been increasingly reported as cause of invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised subjects, particularly in patients with haematological malignancies or uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and in those under deferoxamine treatment or undergoing dialysis. The disease often leads to a fatal outcome, but the pathogenesis of the infection is still poorly understood as well as the role of specific virulence determinants and the interaction with the host immune system. Members of the orderMucoralesare responsible of almost all cases of invasive mucormycoses, the majority of the etiological agents belonging to theMucoraceaefamily.Mucoralesare able to produce various proteins and metabolic products toxic to animals and humans, but the pathogenic role of these potential virulence factors is unknown. The availability of free iron in plasma and tissues is believed to be crucial for the pathogenesis of these mycoses. Vascular invasion and neurotropism are considered common pathogenic features of invasive mucormycoses.

scholarly journals Gastric mucormycosis in an immunocompetent patient with fatal outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-226
Author(s):  
Md Mainul Hasan Chowdhury ◽  
Kaniz Fatema ◽  
Fatema Ahmed ◽  
Kazi Nuruddin Ahmed ◽  
ASM Areef Ahsan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Management ◽  
Gastric Resection ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Intestinal Bleeding ◽  
Diagnostic Work ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Diagnostic Work Up ◽  
Immunocompetent Patients

Mucormycosis is being reported as a serious fungal infection with grave outcomes among patients recovering from corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This condition is a new challenge for the physicians in this pandemic situation. Mucormycosis predominantly occurs among patients with immunosuppression but immunocompetent patients are not immune. Here, we report a case of gastric mucormycosis occurring in an immunocompetent patient during the pre-COVID era. Patient presented with fever and upper gastro-intestinal bleeding. Diagnostic work-up confirmed gastric mucormycosis. His response to medical management was unsatisfactory and he died while awaiting a gastric resection. BIRDEM Med J 2021; 11(3): 223-226

scholarly journals A rare etiology of cauda equina syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 079-082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Batra ◽  
Sumit Arora ◽  
Hemant Meshram ◽  
Geetika Khanna ◽  
Shabnam B Grover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cauda Equina Syndrome ◽  
English Language ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Epidural Abscess ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Spinal Epidural Abscess ◽  
Oral Itraconazole ◽  
Spinal Epidural

Fungal infections of the spine are very rare and usually seen in immunocompromised patients. Acute cauda equina syndrome presenting in an immunocompetent patient is usually due to a prolapse of the intervertebral disc. Infective pathology caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with epidural collection can also have a similar presentation. We present a case of spinal epidural abscess caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, presenting as acute cauda equina syndrome. To the best of our knowledge, spinal aspergillosis presenting as cauda equina syndrome in an immunocompetent patient has not been reported before in the English-language based medical literature. Surgical decompression with antifungal treatment with oral itraconazole yielded a good recovery.

scholarly journals Fatal Pulmonary Infection with Mycobacterium celatum in an Apparently Immunocompetent Patient

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Bux-Gewehr ◽  
Hans P. Hagen ◽  
Sabine Rüsch-Gerdes ◽  
Gerhard E. Feurle
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Female Patient ◽  
Pulmonary Infection ◽  
Immunocompetent Patient ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Rrna Sequence ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
First Report ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis

Mycobacterium celatum is a recently described mycobacterium isolated from patients who have suppressed cell-mediated immunity, such as AIDS. We present here, to our knowledge, the first report of a fatal pulmonary infection caused by M. celatumin a 73-year-old immunocompetent female patient. The mycobacterium was identified by a 16S rRNA sequence analysis.

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