scholarly journals Habitat Selection by the Ringed Kingfisher (Megaceryle torquata stictipennis) in Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe: Possible Negative Association with Chlordecone Pollution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Villard ◽  
Alain Ferchal ◽  
Philippe Feldmann ◽  
Claudie Pavis ◽  
Christophe Bonenfant
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Lesser Antilles ◽  
Organochlorine Insecticide ◽  
Ecological Consequences ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Selection Analysis ◽  
Banana Plantations ◽  
Ombrophilous Forest

AbstractIn the Lesser Antilles the Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquata stictipennis is found on Martinique, Dominica and Guadeloupe. On Martinique and Guadeloupe, farmers growing bananas have made massive use of chlordecone from 1973 until 1993. Chlordecone is a remnant organochlorine insecticide which bioaccumulates in organisms easily. We carried out a survey of the Ringed Kingfisher in 2009 on Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe, traveling 270 km on 44 rivers to assess the effects of chlordecone on its habitat selection behaviour. We identified 12 territories and estimated the total population to be 54-64 individuals. A habitat selection analysis revealed that the Ringed Kingfishers were located mainly in sections of rivers flowing through the ombrophilous forest, but absent on the ocean shoreline or in the lower parts of rivers. The Ringed Kingfisher’s distribution on Guadeloupe could be negatively associated with areas heavily polluted by the chlordecone. We propose that the widespread use of chlordecone in banana plantations on Guadeloupe between 1973 and 1993 has adverse ecological consequences, and may be responsible for the absence of Ringed Kingfishers in lowland habitat on the island.

scholarly journals Blood lead and cadmium levels are negatively associated with bone mineral density in young female adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Lu ◽  
Ji Lan ◽  
Xiao’e Li ◽  
Zhongxin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Skewed Distribution ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Lead And Cadmium

Abstract Background The organ toxicities of lead and cadmium have been extensively studied; however, studies of their toxic effects on bone remain limited, especially in young adults. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of blood lead levels (BLL) and blood cadmium levels (BCL) with bone mineral density (BMD) among young adults. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2018 database. Because of the skewed distribution, BLL and BCL were Ln-transformed for analysis. Weighted multivariate regressions were performed to evaluate the associations between LnBLL and LnBCL and lumbar BMD. Subgroup analyses were further performed. Results A total of 3234 participants aged 20–35 years were included in this study. No significant association between LnBLL and lumbar BMD was found (β = − 5.6, 95%CI: − 13.5–2.3). However, in the subgroup analysis stratified by sex, this association became negative in women (β = − 18.2, 95%CI: − 29.9– − 6.4). Moreover, this negative association was more prominent in female blacks (β = − 35.5, 95%CI: − 63.4– − 7.6). On the other hand, a negative association between LnBCL and lumbar BMD was found (β = − 7.4, 95%CI: − 14.0– − 0.8). In the subgroup analysis stratified by sex, this negative association only existed in women (β = − 18.7, 95%CI: − 28.0– − 9.5). Moreover, this negative association was more prominent in female whites (β = − 31.1, 95%CI: − 46.2– − 16.1). Conclusions Our finding showed that both BLL and BCL were independently and negatively associated with lumbar BMD among young females, but not among young males.

scholarly journals Marital Quality and Mental Health Among Caregiving Dyads

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 583-583
Author(s):  
Christine Proulx ◽  
Hanamori Skoblow ◽  
Sae Hwang Han
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Marital Quality ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Spousal Caregiver ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Partner Effect ◽  
Caregiver Group

Abstract We examined whether the associations between marital quality and mental health were equally strong among dyads in which one spouse was providing care to a spouse (n = 155), parent (n = 61), or another adult (n = 176). Using Wave 2 of the NSHAP and actor-partner interdependence (APIM) models, we found significant differences (p=.004) among groups. Marital quality was negatively associated with one’s own depressive symptoms (b=-1.29) for husbands in the spousal caregiver group, whereas marital quality was negatively associated with one’s own depressive symptoms for wives in both the parental (b=-1.27) and other adult (b=-1.96) caregiver groups. The only partner effect was the negative association between wives’ marital quality and husbands’ depressive symptoms (b=-2.59) among dyads in which one spouse was a parental caregiver. These results point to the importance of understanding the context of caregiving when examining the protective effect of spouses’ marital quality on mental health.

scholarly journals Salivary Oxytocin Is Negatively Associated With Religious Faith in Japanese Non-Abrahamic People

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Yamada ◽  
Yo Nakawake ◽  
Qiulu Shou ◽  
Kuniyuki Nishina ◽  
Masahiro Matsunaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Religious Faith ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Neuropeptide Hormone

Spirituality and religiosity have a significant impact on one's well-being. Although previous studies have indicated that the neuropeptide hormone oxytocin is associated with spirituality/religiosity, existing findings remain inconsistent. Some studies have reported a positive relationship between oxytocin and spirituality/religiosity, while other studies have reported a negative association. Herein, we examined the association between endogenous oxytocin and spirituality/religiosity in 200 non-Abrahamic Japanese individuals (102 females, mean age ± standard deviation = 41.53 ± 10.46) by measuring the level of salivary oxytocin and spiritual/religious faith. We found that the level of salivary oxytocin was negatively associated with spiritual/religious faith. Individuals with higher levels of salivary oxytocin tend to have more negative spiritual/religious faith compared with those with low oxytocin levels (e.g., “Spirituality/religiosity makes people passive and clinging.”). Moreover, this tendency was only significant in individuals who were not interested in a specific religion. The uniqueness of spirituality/religiosity in Japan could help interpret the current findings.

Inference from habitat-selection analysis depends on foraging strategies

2010 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1157-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Bastille-Rousseau ◽  
Daniel Fortin ◽  
Christian Dussault
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Selection Analysis

The release of Grand Theft Auto V and registered juvenile crime in the Netherlands

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinus GCJ Beerthuizen ◽  
Gijs Weijters ◽  
André M van der Laan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Time Series Analysis ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Juvenile Crime ◽  
Criminal Behaviour ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Active Player ◽  
Day Of The Week

Prior research suggests that playing videogames can have a voluntary incapacitating effect on criminal behaviour. The current study investigates whether this negative association between videogames in general and crime rates can also be found for the release of a single videogame – Grand Theft Auto V (GTAV) – and for registered juvenile crime in the Netherlands. A diminishing effect was modelled to estimate the active player base of GTAV (that is, the most players are active on and directly following release, with a decline in the weeks thereafter) and correlated with the number of registered offences in 2012–15 committed by males aged 12–18 and 18–25 years in a time series analysis. The effect of the release of GTAV was negatively associated with the number of registered offences in both age categories, while controlling for covariates (for example, day of the week). Implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Understanding the chapatti making attributes of the Indian wheats – II: The rheological basis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-740
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar ◽  
Virinder Singh Sohu ◽  
Satish Kumar Gupta ◽  
Rajinder Pal Singh ◽  
Navtej Singh Bains
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Bread Making ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Individual Traits ◽  
Pasting Characteristics ◽  
Genetic Stocks ◽  
Traditional Cultivars ◽  
Indian Wheats

The concept of good chapati varies from individual to individual and depends mainly on the rheological properties of the dough used to prepare the chapaties. The research project was largely built around two type of plant meterials, the tall traditional cultivars of the pre-dwarfing era, and three backcross recombinant populations (BC1F5 generation) C 273/PBW 343//PBW 343 (70 lines), C 306/PBW 534//PBW 534 (70 lines) and C 518/PBW 343//PBW 343 (80 lines). Association of traits studied with chapati score in set of cultivars and genetic stocks Starch pasting characteristics showed mild negative correlation with chapati quality, which is again contrasting, to the requirements of bread making. The correlations were not consistent over years possibly due to environmental factor (temperature, rainfall, fertilizer and irrigations etc.) and due to change in the constitution of the set. Similarly mixographic traits showed negative association chapati making quality. The correlations which prevail in the populations carry much greater weight as these have persisted over several rounds of recombination and are likely to reflect under lying causes of superior chapati quality. As various components of chapati quality would be disassembled, the relative levels of correlations for individual traits would be uncovered. Among the starch pasting characteristics, final viscosity and setback were consistently negatively associated with the chapati making quality. In case of the mixographic traits, mixing tolerance index is negatively associated whereas rate of dough development has consistent positive correlation with chapati quality.

scholarly journals Association of dietary patterns and body phenotypes in Brazilian adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Elisa Madalena Rinaldi ◽  
Wolney LIsboa Conde ◽  
Carla Cristina Enes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Fresh Foods

Objective: To investigate the association between dietary patterns and physical activity and body phenotypes in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study using data from a school-based study with 1,022 Brazilian adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. Body phenotypes (BP) and dietary patterns (DP) were defined using principal components analysis. BP was defined using anthropometric, body composition, biochemical, and sexual maturation, and DP from 19 food groups categorized from a food frequency questionnaire containing 58 food items. We performed a scatter plot to describe the relationship between energy expenditure assessed by MET and BP scores. The association between DP and BP, adjusted by sex, age and socioeconomic status, was assessed by linear regression model. Results: We identified five BP (BP1adiposity, BP2puberty, BP3biochemical, BP4muscular, BP5lipids_biochemical) and five DP (DP1ultraprocessed_foods, DP2fresh_foods, DP3bread_rice_beans, DP4culinary_preparation, DP5cakes_rice_beans). There are higher scores of BP_adiposity for obese adolescents, but energy expenditure was similar for obese and non-obese. Physical activity was positively associated with body mass index, BP_adiposity and BP_puberty. We observed negative association between DP_ultraprocessed and BMI, and a positive between DP_fresh_foods. DP_fresh_foods was positively associated with BP_adiposity; DP_ultraprocessed and DP_culinary_preparation were negatively associated with this BP. BP_biochemical was negatively associated with DP_fresh_foods. Conclusion: We identified negative association between DP mainly composed by ultraprocessed foods and fresh foods and BPadiposity. These associations need to be more explored, especially in adolescents, because both DP and BP were defined using multivariate analysis.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns Associated with Sebum Content, Skin Hydration and pH, and Their Sex-Dependent Differences in Healthy Korean Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunhee Lim ◽  
Jihye Shin ◽  
Yunhi Cho ◽  
Kun-Pyo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Skin Hydration ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Skin Ph ◽  
Fish And Shellfish ◽  
Health Parameters

Sebum content, skin hydration and acidic skin pH are major factors in maintaining skin health. Various nutrients are reported to influence skin health, but the effect of dietary patterns (DPs) on skin health is unclear. In this study, we considered the DPs associated with these three skin health parameters in 84 healthy adults aged 19–37 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and skin health parameters were determined on the forehead of each subject. Among the four DPs extracted from the FFQ, DP2, characterized by a high intake of cereals, potatoes and starch, saccharides and fish and shellfish, was negatively associated with skin hydration. DP3, characterized by a high intake of potatoes and starch, seeds and nuts, fruits and eggs, was positively associated with acidic skin pH only before adjusting for potential confounders. On the other hand, DP4, characterized by a low intake of beans, and a high intake of meats, dairy products and beverages and alcohol, was negatively associated with acidic skin pH and positively associated with sebum content. The data stratified by sex revealed a negative association between skin hydration and DP2 in males and a negative association between sebum content and DP3 and a positive association between sebum content and DP4 in females. In conclusion, we demonstrated that specific DPs were associated with sebum content, skin hydration and pH in healthy Korean adults and that those associations were affected by sex.

Tangible Long-Lived Asset Impairments and Future Operating Cash Flows under U.S. GAAP and IFRS

2017 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Gordon ◽  
Hsiao-Tang Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Operating Cash Flows ◽  
Reporting Incentives ◽  
Asset Impairments ◽  
Jel Classifications

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the predictive value of tangible long-lived asset impairments for changes in future operating cash flows under U.S. GAAP and IFRS. We find that impairments reported under IFRS are negatively associated with changes in future operating cash flows, whereas those under U.S. GAAP, on average, are not. We investigate whether differences in the predictive value are attributable to differences in recognition or measurement, providing evidence suggesting that impairment recognition under U.S. GAAP is delayed. Evidence also suggests that the value-in-use measurement attribute, allowed under IFRS, does not induce under-impairing as IFRS and U.S. GAAP impairments are similarly related to future impairments. The main result of a negative association under IFRS, but not U.S. GAAP, holds after considering future impairments to control for measurement differences, macro-economic factors, and firm reporting incentives. Further, impairment losses under IFRS are more predictive in high-enforcement countries. JEL Classifications: D78; F02; M16; M41; G38. Data Availability: Data used are available from sources identified in the paper.

The Relation between Auditors' Fees for Nonaudit Services and Earnings Management

2002 ◽  
Vol 77 (s-1) ◽  
pp. 71-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Frankel ◽  
Marilyn F. Johnson ◽  
Karen K. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Audit Fees ◽  
Discretionary Accruals ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Management Indicators ◽  
Earnings Surprises ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Auditor Fees

This paper examines whether auditor fees are associated with earnings management and the market reaction to the disclosure of auditor fees. Using data collected from proxy statements, we present evidence that nonaudit fees are positively associated with small earnings surprises and the magnitude of discretionary accruals, while audit fees are negatively associated with these earnings management indicators. We also find evidence of a negative association between nonaudit fees and share values on the date the fees were disclosed, although the effect is small in economic terms.

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