scholarly journals A comparison of two methods for estimating measurement repeatability in morphometric studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah Wylde ◽  
Russell Bonduriansky
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Common Method ◽  
List Type ◽  
Large Structures ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Trait Size ◽  
Measurement Repeatability

SummaryMeasurement repeatability is often reported in morphometric studies as an index of the contribution of measurement error to trait measurements. However, the common method of remeasuring a mounted specimen fails to capture some components of measurement error, and could therefore yield inflated repeatability estimates. Remounting specimens between successive measurements is likely to provide more realistic estimates of repeatability, particularly for small structures that are difficult to measure.Using measurements of 22 somatic and genitalic traits of the neriid fly Telostylinus angusticollis, we compared repeatability estimates obtained via remeasuring (where a mounted specimen is measured twice) versus remounting (where a specimen is remounted between measurements). We also asked whether the difference in repeatability estimates obtained via the two methods depends on trait size.Repeatability estimates obtained via remounting were lower than estimates obtained via remeasuring for each of the 22 traits, and the difference between estimates obtained via the two methods was generally greater for small structures (genitalic traits) than for large structures (legs, wings).Remounting specimens between successive measurements can provide more accurate estimates of measurement repeatability than remeasuring from a single mount, especially for small structures that are difficult to measure.

Ḥadith ‘Āishah fī Man’i al-Nisā’ Min al-Masājid; Niqāsh ‘Ulamā’ Bangladesh Ḥaulahu

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-115
Author(s):  
Syed Mahmudul Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Common Situation

The Narration of Aisyah (May Allah be pleased with her), is the main focus of the controversy among Bangladeshi scholars on the issue of women's prayer in the mosque. The reason for the dispute is that a group of them issued the ruling based on the phenomenon of the text, and the others explained the ruling of Hadith according to the common situation in the society. If the circumstances change, the ruling will change along with it, because the originality of the issue is permissible, that is proven from other texts. This research adopts an inductive method to survey the Prophetic hadiths that talk about the prayer of women in the Mosque in terms of permissibility and prohibition and analytical method to analyze the difference in opinion of Bangladeshi scholars related to this issue. The research finds that the ruling of Shari’ah is a process that is continuous and permanent. But in necessity and emergency, it has the notion of flexibility and explanation. In the issue of women’s presence in the mosque, they should be allowed if they abide by the suggestions of Prophet (s) and should not if they don’t. So, Prohibition is not from the prophet (s), but it is from their obedience to the ruling.

Our Bodies, Whose Property?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Complex Issue ◽  
Human Organs ◽  
Property Owners ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right

No one wants to be treated like an object, regarded as an item of property, or put up for sale. Yet many people frame personal autonomy in terms of self-ownership, representing themselves as property owners with the right to do as they wish with their bodies. Others do not use the language of property, but are similarly insistent on the rights of free individuals to decide for themselves whether to engage in commercial transactions for sex, reproduction, or organ sales. Drawing on analyses of rape, surrogacy, and markets in human organs, this book challenges notions of freedom based on ownership of our bodies and argues against the normalization of markets in bodily services and parts. The book explores the risks associated with metaphors of property and the reasons why the commodification of the body remains problematic. The book asks what is wrong with thinking of oneself as the owner of one's body? What is wrong with making our bodies available for rent or sale? What, if anything, is the difference between markets in sex, reproduction, or human body parts, and the other markets we commonly applaud? The book contends that body markets occupy the outer edges of a continuum that is, in some way, a feature of all labor markets. But it also emphasizes that we all have bodies, and considers the implications of this otherwise banal fact for equality. Bodies remind us of shared vulnerability, alerting us to the common experience of living as embodied beings in the same world. Examining the complex issue of body exceptionalism, the book demonstrates that treating the body as property makes human equality harder to comprehend.

Between High Culture and Low Culture; and also The Difference Between Popular Culture and Folk Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Kunal Debnath
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Folk Culture ◽  
Common People ◽  
High Culture ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low Culture

High culture is a collection of ideologies, beliefs, thoughts, trends, practices and works-- intellectual or creative-- that is intended for refined, cultured and educated elite people. Low culture is the culture of the common people and the mass. Popular culture is something that is always, most importantly, related to everyday average people and their experiences of the world; it is urban, changing and consumeristic in nature. Folk culture is the culture of preindustrial (premarket, precommodity) communities.

FINANCIAL CONTROLLING IN THE SYSTEM OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Petya Yordanova – Dinova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
And Control

This paper explores the comparative analysis of the financial controlling, who is a result from the common controlling concept and the financial management. In the specialized literature, financial controlling is seen as an innovative approach to financial management. It is often presented as the most promising instrument of financial diagnostics. Generally speaking, financial controlling is seen as a process of managing the company`s assets which are valued in monetary measures. The difference between the financial management and the financial controlling is that the second covers all functions of management, analysis and control of finances, aiming at maximizing their effective use and increasing the value of the enterprise. Financial controlling is often seen as a function of the common practice of financial management. Its objective is to preserve the financial stability and financial sustainability of enterprises operating in a highly aggressive business environment.

scholarly journals Fast Comparison of High-Precision Time Scales Using GNSS Receivers

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Vojtech Vigner ◽  
Jaroslav Roztocil
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Data Format ◽  
Common View ◽  
Log Files ◽  
Gnss Receivers ◽  
Precision Time ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Difference

Comparison of high-performance time scales generated by atomic clocks in laboratories of time and frequency metrology is usually performed by means of the Common View method. Laboratories are equipped with specialized GNSS receivers which measure the difference between a local time scale and a time scale of the selected satellite. Every receiver generates log files in CGGTTS data format to record measured differences. In order to calculate time differences recorded by two receivers, it is necessary to obtain these logs from both receivers and process them. This paper deals with automation and speeding up of these processes.

scholarly journals Measurements and Computations of Internal Temperatures of the IGBT and the Diode Situated in the Common Case

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Paweł Górecki ◽  
Krzysztof Górecki
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Measurement Error ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Bipolar Transistor ◽  
Internal Temperature ◽  
Self Heating ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Common ◽  
Transient Thermal

This article proposes effective methods of measurements and computations of internal temperature of the dies of the Insulted Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) and the diode mounted in the common case. The nonlinear compact thermal model of the considered device is proposed. This model takes into account both self-heating phenomena in both dies and mutual thermal couplings between them. In the proposed model, the influence of the device internal temperature on self and transfer thermal resistances is taken into account. Methods of measurements of each self and transfer transient thermal impedances occurring in this model are described and factors influencing the measurement error of these methods are analysed. Some results illustrating thermal properties of the investigated devices including the IGBT and the antiparallel diode in the common case are shown and discussed. Computations illustrating the usefulness of the proposed compact thermal model are presented and compared to the results of measurements. It is proved that differences between internal temperature of both dies included in the TO-247 case can exceed even 15 K.

The Effect of Combined Loads on the Destruction of Rocks with a Granular Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 1022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Victoria S. Romanova ◽  
Viktor V. Gabov
Keyword(s):  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Granular Structure ◽  
Common Method ◽  
Crushed Material ◽  
Combined Loads ◽  
Rock Disintegration ◽  
The Common ◽  
Destruction Of Rocks

The article addresses the features of rock disintegration based on the principles of selective and preferential destruction in high-frequency cone vibratory crushers with a free-turning inner cone. Based on the common method for determining the ultimate strength of rocks, a method for investigating the process of ore destruction under repeated and versatile influences has been proposed depending on the structure of the crushed material. The results of an experimental research of the destruction of rock samples on a press with limited force are given.

Normalization of the permissible error in measuring the mass when controlling the parts of the connecting rod-piston group

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Mass Difference ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Connecting Rod ◽  
Mass Measurements ◽  
Indirect Measurements ◽  
Piston Group ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
The Difference

The problems related to the standardization of the error in the mass measurements when dividing products into groups and picking according to the difference in mass are considered. On the basis of the theory of probabilities and the basic provisions of metrology, a dependence is obtained to determine the error of the mass difference. Recommendations are given for improving the metrological support of indirect measurements of the mass difference, a formula is determined for calculating the normalized values of errors depending on the tolerances for the mass difference, and criteria for choosing measuring instruments for controlling the mass difference of parts at the stage of completing the connecting rod-piston group during the production and repair of engines are considered. The measurement error is estimated when using preassembly selection of parts by weight. Keywords: quality of measurements, mass measurements, mass difference, indirect measurements, choice of measuring instruments, permissible measurement error, complete set of connecting rod and piston group. [email protected]

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document