scholarly journals Prenatal maternal distress during the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on the infant brain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Y. Manning ◽  
Xiangyu Long ◽  
Dana Watts ◽  
Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen ◽  
Gerald F. Giesbrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Maternal Distress ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Infant Brain ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused elevated distress in pregnant individuals, which has the potential to impact the developing infant. In this study, we examined anxiety and depression symptoms during the pandemic in a large sample of pregnant individuals (n=8602). For a sub-sample of participants, their infants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3-months of age to examine whether this prenatal maternal distress was associated with infant brain changes. We found significantly elevated prenatal maternal distress compared to pre-pandemic rates, with 47% and 33% of participants reporting clinically significant symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. Importantly, we identified social support as a protective factor for clinically elevated prenatal maternal distress. We found significant relationships between prenatal maternal distress and infant amygdala-prefrontal microstructural and functional connectivity and demonstrate for the first time that social support moderates this relationship. Our findings suggest a potentially long-lasting impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children and show that social support acts as a protective factor not just for pregnant individuals, but also for their developing infants. These findings provide timely evidence to inform clinical practice and policy surrounding the care of pregnant individuals and highlight the importance of social support.

Relationship between caregiver burden and psychological distress among stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients prior to transplant.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12120-12120
Author(s):  
Carlisle Topping ◽  
Ashley Nelson ◽  
Jamie M. Jacobs ◽  
Joseph A. Greer ◽  
Jennifer S. Temel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Private Life ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Caregiving Burden ◽  
Clinically Significant

12120 Background: SCT is a potentially curative therapy for patients with hematologic malignancies that involves prolonged hospitalization, intensive follow-up, and a considerable risk of morbidity and mortality. Family and friends caring for SCT recipients experience substantial caregiving burden as they prepare for SCT. Previous research demonstrates caregiver distress is highest pre-transplant and is comparable to or higher than patient-reported distress. However, the extent of this distress and its relationship to certain domains of quality of life (QOL) and caregiving burden is currently unknown. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from two supportive care studies focused on caregivers of SCT recipients. Caregivers completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the CareGiver Oncology QOL questionnaire to assess their psychological distress and QOL prior to SCT. Scores >8 on the HADS anxiety and depression subscales indicated clinically significant symptoms. We selected eight domains from the CareGiver Oncology QOL questionnaire including social support, physical wellbeing, self-efficacy, coping, leisure time, financial stability, private life concerns, and caregiving burden. Multivariate regression models adjusted for age, sex, caregiver relationship, and SCT type were used to examine associations between these domains and caregivers’ anxiety and depression symptoms. Results: A total of 193 caregivers (age M= 57 years, 70% female, 52% allogeneic transplant) were enrolled with a majority caring for their spouse (80%), parent (8%) or child (5%). Overall 47% and 16% of caregivers reported clinically significant anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively. Low social support, physical well-being, coping and leisure time as well as high caregiver burden, private life concerns and financial distress were associated with both caregiver anxiety and depression symptoms (p < .05). Low self-efficacy was associated with higher anxiety symptoms (p < .05). Conclusions: Caregivers of SCT recipients experience substantial anxiety and depression symptoms prior to SCT. Impairments across multiple QOL domains are associated with caregiver’s psychological distress. Psychosocial interventions designed to improve coping, reduce caregiving burden, and enhance QOL are needed for caregivers prior to transplant.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the relationship between perceived social support, coping strategies, anxiety, and depression symptoms among hospitalized COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 009121742098208
Author(s):  
Ali Kandeğer ◽  
Memduha Aydın ◽  
Kürşat Altınbaş ◽  
Alparslan Cansız ◽  
Özge Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
The Relationship

Objective We aimed to evaluate the relationship between perceived social support, coping strategies, anxiety, and depression symptoms among hospitalized COVID-19 patients by comparing them with a matched control group in terms of age, gender, and education level. Method The patient group (n = 84) and the healthy controls (HCs, n = 92) filled in the questionnaire including the socio-demographic form, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale, and Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced through the online survey link. Results The COVID-19 patients had higher perceived social support and coping strategies scores than the HCs. However, anxiety and depression scores did not differ significantly between the two groups. In logistic regression analysis performed in COVID-19 patients, the presence of chest CT finding (OR = 4.31; 95% CI = 1.04–17.95) was a risk factor for anxiety and the use of adaptive coping strategies (OR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.73–0.99) had a negative association with anxiety. In addition, the use of adaptive coping strategies (OR = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.79–0.98) and high perceived social support (OR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.93– 0,99) had a negative association with depression symptoms. Conclusions Longitudinal studies involving the return to normality phase of the COVID-19 pandemic are needed to investigate the effects of factors such as coping strategies and perceived social support that could increase the psychological adjustment and resilience of individuals on anxiety and depression.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Amongst Surgical Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Xia Ren ◽  
De-Cun Zhou ◽  
Yin-Guang Fan ◽  
Bao-Zhu Li ◽  
Wan-Fei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Surgical Nurses

Abstract BackgroundThe outbreak of novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has imposed an enormous physical and psychological pressure on people across the world. This study focused on evaluating the prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in surgical nurses during the epidemic in China. MethodA cross-sectional, multicenter quantitative study was conducted in Anhui province (China) from March 3, 2020 to March 19, 2020, with a questionnaire package which consisted of general information questionnaire，Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Zung's self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and social support rating scale (SSRS). A total of 3600 surgical nurses participated in the survey by Wechat and QQ. Data were analysed using multiple linear regression models. ResultsA total of 3492 surgical nurses from 12tertiary hospitals and 12 secondary hospitals in one province of mainland China completed the survey. The prevalence rates of anxiety symptoms and depressive symptoms were 24.83% and 22.39%, respectively. The average level of anxiety and depression of surgical nurses were higher than that of the Chinese norm (P< 0.05).Levels of social support for surgical nurses were significantly negatively associated with the degree of anxiety (r = -0.630, P < 0.001) and depression (r = -0.578, P < 0.001). Fertility status (β = 1.469, P = 0.003), hospital (β = -0.611, P < 0.001), participation in care for COVID-19 patients (β = 2.229, P < 0.001), likelihood of being infected with COVID-19 (β = 1.146, P < 0.001), social support (β = -0.623, P < 0.001) were significantly influencing surgical nurses’ anxiety degree. Similarly, these characteristics were significantly associated with the odds of experiencing depression symptoms in surgical nurses. Divorce and widowed surgical nurses (β = -2.654, P < 0.001) were significantly more likely to experience depressive symptoms than single nurses. ConclusionIn this survey, we found that the surgical nurses had high anxiety and depression symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. The findings suggest that targeted psychological interventions to promote the mental health of surgical nurses with psychological problems need to be immediately implemented.

scholarly journals The transition to fatherhood: the role of formal and informal support structures during the post-partum period

2006 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine de Montigny ◽  
Carl Lacharité ◽  
Élyse Amyot
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Parenting Efficacy ◽  
Perceived Parenting ◽  
Care Giving ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
Post Partum Period ◽  
First Time ◽  
Transition To Fatherhood

The transition to fatherhood is a period in an individual's life that calls upon his/her adaptive capacities. The quality of social support available to parents is an important factor in their adjustment to their new role. The purpose of this correlative study among 160 first-time fathers and 160 first-time mothers in Quebec, Canada was to determine which sources of support are most valued by mothers and fathers during the post-partum period, the characteristics of this support and to examine the nature of the relationships between perceptions of social support, parenting efficacy and parental anxiety. Multivariate analyses revealed that, for these parents, social support did not act as a protective factor for perceived parenting efficacy. However, nurses' care-giving practices contributed to parents' perceptions of support and to their perceptions of parenting efficacy.

scholarly journals Effect of Psychological–Behavioral Intervention on the Depression and Anxiety of COVID-19 Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Kong ◽  
Fanyang Kong ◽  
Kailian Zheng ◽  
Min Tang ◽  
Yi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Cutoff Score ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Breathing Exercises

The COVID-19 epidemic has caused increasing public panic and mental health stress. In this study, we explore the prevalence and factors linked to anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. A total of 144 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 underwent depression and anxiety assessment by using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Social support level was also evaluated by the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) at admission. Results showed that gender, age, oxygen saturation, and social support were associated with anxiety for COVID-19 patients. In addition, age, family infection with SARS-CoV-2, and social support were the risk factors associated with depression. Moreover, we designed a psychological–behavioral intervention (PBI) program that included psychological support and breathing exercises, and explored its effects on patients with COVID-19. Of the 144 participants, 26 patients with both anxiety and depression symptoms (cutoff score of ≥8 on HADS-A and HADS-D) were randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group at a 1:1 ratio. After 10-day treatment, the HADS scores of depression and anxiety were significantly reduced in the intervention group, and PSSS scores were also significantly improved. However, no significant differences in HADS and PSSS scores between pre- and post-treatment were found in the control group. Our findings indicate that mental concern and appropriate intervention are essential parts of clinical care for COVID-19 patients.

Mental Health of Transgender Children Who Are Supported in Their Identities

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Kristina R. Olson ◽  
Lily Durwood ◽  
Madeleine DeMeules ◽  
Katie A. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Transgender Children ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
First Time

OBJECTIVE Transgender children who have socially transitioned, that is, who identify as the gender “opposite” their natal sex and are supported to live openly as that gender, are increasingly visible in society, yet we know nothing about their mental health. Previous work with children with gender identity disorder (GID; now termed gender dysphoria) has found remarkably high rates of anxiety and depression in these children. Here we examine, for the first time, mental health in a sample of socially transitioned transgender children. METHODS A community-based national sample of transgender, prepubescent children (n = 73, aged 3–12 years), along with control groups of nontransgender children in the same age range (n = 73 age- and gender-matched community controls; n = 49 sibling of transgender participants), were recruited as part of the TransYouth Project. Parents completed anxiety and depression measures. RESULTS Transgender children showed no elevations in depression and slightly elevated anxiety relative to population averages. They did not differ from the control groups on depression symptoms and had only marginally higher anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Socially transitioned transgender children who are supported in their gender identity have developmentally normative levels of depression and only minimal elevations in anxiety, suggesting that psychopathology is not inevitable within this group. Especially striking is the comparison with reports of children with GID; socially transitioned transgender children have notably lower rates of internalizing psychopathology than previously reported among children with GID living as their natal sex.

The Impact on Mental Health of Losing an Only Child and the Influence of Social Support and Resilience

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiancai Cao ◽  
Chongming Yang ◽  
Dahua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Only Child ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Close Family

The number of parents who have lost their only child (PLOCs) has increased annually with the implementation of the birth control policy in mainland China. This study aimed to investigate the mental health status of PLOCs and the influence of social support and resilience. Study 1 recruited 100 PLOCs and 88 nonbereaved parents, and compared differences in depression, anxiety, and loneliness. Study 2 investigated the influence of social support and resilience on the mental health of PLOCs via a mediating model. Results indicate that PLOCs reported more anxiety and depression symptoms than nonbereaved counterparts. Perceived close family support, objective support, and resilience negatively predicted anxiety and depression. In addition, perceived close family support was found to influence mental health via resilience. The current findings reveal that losing an only child has long-term negative impacts on the mental health of PLOCs. However, perceived close family support and objective support can protect their mental health either directly or indirectly via resilience.

Perceived Mental Health and Disablement of Primary Care and End-Stage Renal Disease Patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
George R. Parkerson ◽  
Robert A. Gutman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Esrd Patients

Objective: To compare perceived current mental health and disablement between primary care and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, and to study social support and stress and severity of illness as possible determinants of mental health and disablement. Method: Observational cross-sectional analysis of 414 primary care patients in a rural community health center and 125 ESRD patients requiring hemodialysis in two community dialysis units. The Duke Health Profile (DUKE) anxiety-depression scale was used to assess mental health; the DUKE disability scale, to indicate disablement; the Duke Social Support and Stress Scale, to measure support and stress; and the Duke Severity of Illness Scale, to rate severity of illness. Results: Perceived current mental health in terms of anxiety and depression symptoms was worse for primary care than for ESRD patients, and perceived current disablement was no different for the two groups. Patients' perception of their health status and of stress from family members were more closely associated with their level of anxiety and depression symptoms than were their diagnostic profiles or overall severity of illness. In turn, their level of anxiety and depression symptoms was the principal correlate of their disablement. Conclusions: The demonstration of strong relationships among anxiety and depression symptoms, disablement, and family stress in these two very different patient populations should stimulate further research and motivate clinicians to evaluate all three parameters as part of routine patient care.

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