scholarly journals Evaluation of Pre-operational Factors Contributing to a Dorsal Column Stimulator Explantation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian A Kinne ◽  
R. Scott Cowan ◽  
Alexander Knee
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pain Control ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Dorsal Column ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Back Surgery ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Operational Factors

Objectives Implantation of a dorsal column stimulator (DCS) for axial spine and radicular pain is a commonly performed procedure. Despite the benefits of this device to reduce pain and improve quality of life, some patients elect to have the device explanted. The purpose of this study is to describe pre-operational factors among patients who elected to have their DCS explanted and how these factors are associated with reason for explantation. Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective descriptive study using the database of a private outpatient orthopedic clinic. We included all patients who had a dorsal column stimulator explanted between January 1, 2007 and June 19, 2014. Data was collected on patient demographics, past medical and back surgery history, as well as details of implantation, permanent device implantation, and subsequent explantation. Reasons for explantation were categorized as: inadequate pain control using three categories (with no device-related pain/discomfort, with device-related pain/discomfort, or inadequate pain control and patient wants MRI), or pain resolved. Results A consecutive sample of 100 subjects who underwent explantation of a DCS was identified for review. Of these 100 subjects, 14 were excluded. Based on our data, we hypothesize that sex (57% female, 43% male) degenerative disc disease (72%), previous back surgery (70%), BMI classified as overweight (subject average = 28.3), history of tobacco usage (57%), and history of narcotic use (80%) may be potential risk factors for explantation. Conclusions With respect to clinical evaluation of patients as candidates for spinal cord stimulator implantation, we cannot recommend that any of the evaluated variables be considered a contraindication to proceeding with a trial procedure. Future studies are planned to compare these data to a control group of subjects to establish risk factors predisposing individuals to explantation of a DCS. Key words: DCS, neurostimulator, spine, pain, explantation

scholarly journals Who is really at risk? Identifying risk factors for subthreshold and full syndrome eating disorders in a high-risk sample

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1939-1949 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Jacobi ◽  
E. Fittig ◽  
S. W. Bryson ◽  
D. Wilfley ◽  
H. C. Kraemer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
College Age ◽  
Weight And Shape Concerns ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

BackgroundNumerous longitudinal studies have identified risk factors for the onset of most eating disorders (EDs). Identifying women at highest risk within a high-risk sample would allow for focusing of preventive resources and also suggests different etiologies.MethodA longitudinal cohort study over 3 years in a high-risk sample of 236 college-age women randomized to the control group of a prevention trial for EDs. Potential risk factors and interactions between risk factors were assessed using the methods developed previously. Main outcome measures were time to onset of a subthreshold or full ED.ResultsAt the 3-year follow-up, 11.2% of participants had developed a full or partial ED. Seven of 88 potential risk factors could be classified as independent risk factors, seven as proxies, and two as overlapping factors. Critical comments about eating from teacher/coach/siblings and a history of depression were the most potent risk factors. The incidence for participants with either or both of these risk factors was 34.8% (16/46) compared to 4.2% (6/144) for participants without these risk factors, with a sensitivity of 0.75 and a specificity of 0.82.ConclusionsTargeting preventive interventions at women with high weight and shape concerns, a history of critical comments about eating weight and shape, and a history of depression may reduce the risk for EDs.

Performing high-level sport is strongly associated with urinary incontinence in elite athletes: a comparative study of 372 elite female athletes and 372 controls

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (24) ◽  
pp. 1586-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Carvalhais ◽  
Renato Natal Jorge ◽  
Kari Bø
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urinary Incontinence ◽  
Family History ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Urinary Infection ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level

ObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in female elite athletes compared with controls and to investigate potential risk factors for UI among elite athletes.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 372 elite athletes (athletes group, AG) and 372 age-matched controls (control group, CG). The median age was low (19 years) and the vast majority were nulliparous. Potential risk factors, including clinical, demographic and sports practice characteristics, were collected by using a questionnaire. The International Consultation on Urinary Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence-Short Form was applied to estimate the prevalence of UI. OR with 95% CIs were used to estimate the association with UI. The final model was adjusted for constipation, family history of UI and history of urinary infection.ResultsThe prevalence of UI was 29.6% and 13.4% in AG and CG, respectively (p<0.001). The following prevalences were obtained: AG: 19.6% and CG: 3.5% (p<0.001) for stress UI, AG: 3.8% and CG: 5.4% (p=0.292) for urgency UI and AG: 5.9% and CG: 0.8% (p<0.001) for mixed UI. After adjustment, performing high-level sport (adjusted (adj) OR=3.31; 95% CI 2.20 to 4.97), family history of UI (adj OR=1.54; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.29), history of urinary infection (adj OR=1.53; 95% CI 1.05 to 2.23) and constipation (adj OR=1.79; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.98) were associated with UI.ConclusionThe prevalence of UI among Portuguese female elite athletes is high and the odds of UI were three times higher than in controls. Also, constipation, family history of UI and history of urinary infections were significantly associated with UI.

scholarly journals Graves-Basedow disease and potential risk factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 633-638
Author(s):  
Dusica Zivanovic ◽  
Sandra Sipetic ◽  
Marina Stamenkovic-Radak ◽  
Jelena Milasin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Genetic Syndrome ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of

Background/Aim. Graves-Basedow disease is a common multifactorial genetic syndrome, which is determined by several genes and environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of risk factors for developing Graves-Basedow disease between the groups of individuals with and without Graves-Basedow disease, and to compare the presence of risk factors between the affected individuals with or without positive family history for Graves- Basedow disease. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Cuprija (central Serbia) during a period from December 2001 to April 2002. The case group comprised 132 individuals diagnosed with Graves-Basedow disease. The control group comprised 130 subjects without any of endocrine diseases. All participants were interviewed at the Medical Center Cuprija using structural questionnaire. Data were collected on basic demographic characteristics, exposure to various chemical and physical agents, stress, smoking and family history of Graves-Basedow disease. In statistical analysis chi-square test was used. Results. The individuals with Graves-Basedow disease were statistically significantly older (above 50) (p = 0.020), exposed to stress (p = 0.024) and to physical agents (p = 0.031), and had significantly (p = 0.000) more relatives with Graves-Basedow disease than those without the disease. Among the affected individuals with positive family history of Graves-Basedow disease the number of women was significantly higher (p = 0.000), than the affected individuals without positive family history of Graves- Basedow disease. Conclusion. In our study, as in many other, gender, age, positive family history of Graves-Basedow disease and exposure to physical agents were identified as potential risk factors for the increased incidence of Graves- Basedow disease. Different risk factors are probably responsible for developing Graves-Basedow disease among the affected individuals with or without positive family history of Graves-Basedow disease. .

Staphylococcus aureus nasal colonization among Vietnamese adults: prevalence, risk factors and antibiotic susceptibility profile

MedPharmRes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
Nguyen Phan ◽  
Hien Pham ◽  
Thuc Nguyen ◽  
Hoai Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Weight History ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Vietnamese Community

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) has long been recognized as an important human pathogen causing many severe diseases. It is also a part of human normal flora with its ecological niche in the human anterior nares. This study focused on screening S. aureus nasal carriage in community and its relationship to human physiological and pathological factors which have not been studied in Vietnam previously. Two hundred and five volunteers in Ho Chi Minh City from 18 to 35 and over 59 years old both male and female participated in the study. Result showed that the prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage in southern Vietnamese community was relatively low, only 11.2% (23/205), much lower than that in other international reports on human S. aureus. In addition, nasal carriage of the older age group (> 59 years old, 13.7%) was higher than that of younger age (18-35 years old, 10.4%). Other potential risk factors such as gender, career, height, weight, history of antibiotic usage, daily nasal wash, use of nasal medication sprays, acne problems, smoking and nasal problems showed no significant impact on S. aureus carriage. The obtained S. aureus nasal isolates were all sensitive to vancomycin. Lincomycin and tetracycline had low resistance rate with 4.3 % and 17.4 %, respectively. However, the isolates showed particularly high rate of multidrug resistance (54.2%) In summary, our data provided researchers an overview on S. aureus nasal carriage and antibiotic susceptibility profile of the community- isolated S. aureus in Vietnam. This would serve as valuable information on assessing risk of community-acquired S. aureus infections.

CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS PECULIARITIES IN MEN UNDER 60 YEARS OLD WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY LUNG DISEASES

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Tupitsyn V.V. ◽  
Bataev Kh.M. ◽  
Men’shikova A.N. ◽  
Godina Z.N.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Type I ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
History Of

Relevance. Information about the cardiovascular diseases risk factors (CVD RF) for in men with chronic lung inflam-matory pathology (CLID) is contradictory and requires clarification. Aim. To evaluate the peculiarities of CVD RF in men under 60 years of age with CLID in myocardial infarction (MI) to improve prevention. Material and methods. The study included men aged 19-60 years old with type I myocardial infarction. Patients are divided into two age-comparable groups: I - the study group, with CLID - 142 patients; II - control, without it - 424 patients. A comparative analysis of the frequency of observation of the main and additional cardiovascular risk fac-tors in groups was performed. Results. In patients of the study group, more often than in the control group we observed: hereditary burden of is-chemic heart disease (40.8 and 31.6%, respectively; p = 0.0461) and arterial hypertension (54.2 and 44.6%; p = 0.0461), frequent colds (24.6 and 12.0%; p = 0.0003), a history of extrasystoles (19.7 and 12.7%; p = 0.04); chronic foci of infections of internal organs (75.4 and 29.5%; p˂0.0001), non-ulcer lesions of the digestive system (26.1 and 14.6%; p = 0.007), smoking (95.1 and 66.3%; p˂0.0001), MI in winter (40.8 and 25.9%; p = 0.006). Less commonly were observed: oral cavity infections (9.2 and 23.6%; p˂0.0001); hypodynamia (74.5 and 82.5%; p = 0.0358), over-weight (44.4 and 55.2%; p = 0.0136), a subjective relationship between the worsening of the course of coronary heart disease and the season of the year (43.7 and 55.2%; p = 0.0173) and MI - in the autumn (14.1 and 21.9%; p = 0.006) period. Conclusions. The structure of CVD RF in men under 60 years of age with CLID with MI is characterized by the pre-dominance of smoking, non-ulcer pathology of the digestive system, frequent pro-student diseases, meteorological dependence, a history of cardiac arrhythmias and foci of internal organ infections. It is advisable to use the listed factors when planning preventive measures in such patients.

scholarly journals GASTRODUODENAL PERFORATION, A FREQUENT SURGICAL EMERGENCY. REVIEW AND DESCRIPTIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Nuño Iglesias ◽  
M R Fresnedo Pérez ◽  
R A Alonso Blanco ◽  
M Soto Dopazo ◽  
E Pérez Prudencio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastroduodenal Ulcer ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Surgical Emergency ◽  
Perforated Gastroduodenal Ulcer ◽  
Gastroduodenal Perforation ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sixth Decade ◽  
Current Risk

Abstract INTRODUCTION Perforated gastroduodenal ulcer represents a common surgical emergency and is associated with a morbimortality close to 40-50%. HP infection, tobacco and alcohol and some socioeconomic aspects represent the most commonly described risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS A descriptive and retrospective study was performed between 2018-2020. A total of 40 patients with a history of gastroduodenal perforation were selected. Data corresponding to: sex, age, ulcer location, treatment, tobacco and alcohol consumption, HP infection (presence or not of eradicating treatment) and other potential risk factors were collected and analysed. The aim of the study is to assess how new lifestyle changes, the evolution and improvement in the management of PH infection and the general decrease in smoking have modified the classic profile of patients with gastroduodenal perforations. RESULTS Gastroduodenal perforations predominated in the fifth/sixth decade of life (mean age 59 years). Although a predominance in men is described in the literature, in our sample no significant sex differences were found (1:1 ratio). The most frequent location was duodenal and the reference surgical treatment was primary suture + epipoplasty. Only one third of the patients had a known history of peptic ulcer. CONCLUSIONS Gastroduodenal perforations are a major problem for the on-call surgeon. It is essential to know the current risk factors and their potential relationship with morbimortality and postoperative evolution in order to guarantee the optimal management of these patients.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with early childhood caries – a case control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Marina De Deus Moura Lima ◽  
Zacarias Soares Brito-Neto ◽  
Heylane Oliveira Amaral ◽  
Cacilda Castelo Branco Lima ◽  
Marcoeli Silva de Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with early childhood caries (ECC).Methods: It was an observational retrospective case-control study. The case group consisted of all patients diagnosed with ECC in the records of an active program of maternal and child care. The control group was composed of an equal number of children, matched for gender and age, who attended the program and did not have ECC. The process of data collection consisted of completing a pre-established schedule to analyse variables related to the mother/caregiver and child.Statisticalanalysis was performed using the chi-squared and odds ratio (OR), with alpha (α) = 0.05.Results: History of caries in the mother (OR=2.61; CI 95%=1.45-4.67) and father (OR=1.72; CI 95%=1.02-2.89) were key determinants in the child being diagnosed with ECC.Conclusions: The risk factors associated with ECC were the following: no oral hygiene acceptance, nocturnal feeding duration of more than 16 months, a daily intake of sugar greater than 4 times a day, a Baume type II maxillary arch, fewer than 3 consultations with the program, and a history of decay in the parents.

scholarly journals Analytical epidemiology of multiple sclerosis in the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1S) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
L. B. Tlapshokova ◽  
A. R. Zikhova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Scarlet Fever ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune disease, which etiology includes a complex of genetic and environmental factors. Data suggests that their interaction can influence the age of the clinical manifestations and the course of the disease. Therefore, the study of risk factors of MS in regions with different ethnic compositions of the population and climatic and geographical characteristics is of considerable interest.Objective: to study MS risk factors prevalence in the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria (RKB).Patients and methods. This case-control study of the representation of risk factors included a cohort of 112 MS patients living in two regions of the RKB (Nalchik and the Prokhladnensky district). The MS diagnosis was established with the McDonald criteria (2017). MS risk factors were assessed with a unified questionnaire. 112 respondents (matched by the main demographic characteristics and place of residence) were included in the control group.Results and discussion. MS patients from the Prokhladnensky district were significantly more likely to contact harmful chemical compounds, had higher consumption of smoked meat products; and suffered from viral infections more often (all differences were significant, p<0.05). More patients with MS, regardless of their place of residence, had a history of scarlet fever than the controls (n=23; 19.5% and n=14; 13.4%, ratio indicator 0.43 (95% CI 0.32–1.01), p=0.041), and the maximum significance of this factor was found in patients who suffered from scarlet fever after the age of 15 years (n=7; 6.3% and n=1; 0.9%, ratio indicator 2.45 (95% CI 1.92–3.21), p=0.041). More patients with MS had a history of chickenpox (n=70; 62.5% and n=55; 41.1%; ratio indicator 0.78 (95% CI 0.65–0.94, p=0.032), the frequency of this factor was most significant in early (up to 7 years) disease onset. Regardless of the place of residence, patients with MS were more likely to suffer from tonsillitis and sinusitis in childhood (p=0.032).Conclusion. In the RKB, as in other regions of the Russian Federation, the risk of MS, along with a genetic predisposition, is primarily determined by environmental factors, such as contact with potentially harmful chemicals, history of somatic diseases, characteristics of the ecological situation, etc. Therefore, MS risk is higher in people exposed to these factors before the age of 7 years and does not depend on the place of residence. 

scholarly journals Study of risk factors and its correlation with constraint induced movement therapy for atherosclerosis in patients of coronary artery disease and their offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Venugopal Margekar ◽  
Shweta Thakur ◽  
O. P. Jatav ◽  
Pankaj Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Constraint Induced Movement Therapy ◽  
Group Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: A significant percent of cardiovascular event occurs without well-known modifiable risk. A new tool for early identification for atherosclerosis is required for early intervention. Aims and objectives of the study was to study the risk factors for CAD and its correlation with CIMT.Methods: One hundred and forty subjects were studied for the risk factors of CAD in Department of Medicine of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior from 2012 to 2013. Out of 140 subjects, 100 were patients having CAD and 40 age matched subjects were included as control group. Data was also recorded from their offspring. High resolution B mode ultrasonography was performed to assess CIMT of carotid arteries. The maximum CIMT of any one side of carotid artery was taken for study.Results: CAD was more prevalent among males (78%). Majority of the offspring of cases had age between 28-42 years and majority were male (73%). Most common risk factors for CAD was dyslipidemia (48%), hypertension (24%), diabetes (12%) and smoking (21%), whereas in offspring’s of CAD patients, dyslipidemia was seen in 28%, hypertension in 3%, diabetes and tobacco smoking in 12% and 24% respectively. The CIMT of CAD patients was significantly increased with increasing the number of risk factors and the same pattern was also seen in controls.  The CIMT of asymptomatic offspring’s having positive family history was significantly more than the asymptomatic offspring without positive family history of CAD.Conclusions: CIMT measurements can be used as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis as it has showed a direct link with number of risk factors of CAD. 

scholarly journals The Characteristics of Risk Factors in Chinese Young Women with Acute Coronary Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruifang Liu ◽  
Fangxing Xu ◽  
Yujie Zhou ◽  
Tongku Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Cardiac Insufficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gynecological Diseases ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background In recent years, the prevalence rate of ACS in Chinese young women has been increasing significantly, becoming the main cause of death in young female. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and difference of risk factors in Chinese young women with ACS and to provide references for ACS prevention and treatment. Methods A 1:1 case-control study was conducted to evaluate risk factors of 415 young female patients with ACS (ACS group) who underwent PCI treatment and 415 young female cases without ACS (control group) who were hospitalized and confirmed by coronary angiography to exclude coronary heart disease from January 2010 to August 2016. The average age of the cases in the two groups was respectively (40.77±4.02) years-old and (40.57±4.01) years-old (P> 0.05). Results The risk factors in ACS group were overweight (64.10%), hypertension (49.88%), hyperlipidemia (35.66%), diabetes (23.37%), depression or anxiety disorder (16.62%), gynecological diseases (16.39%), Hyperuricemia (15.18%), family history of early onset coronary heart disease (14.94%), hyperhomocysteinemia (11.33%), hypothyroidism(14.96%), hypercholesterolemia (8.43%) and high c-reactive protein (7.47%), and were statistically significant difference (P<0.01) compared with that of control group. The average number of risk factors per case in ACS group was significantly more than that of control groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of combined risk factors of the overweight cases compared between two groups (P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight（obesity）, high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases were independent risk factors (P<0.01). The bivariate correlation analysis between CRP level and age was r= -0.158 (P<0.01). This result showed the younger ACS patient is the higher serum CRP. Conclusion The independent risk factors of ACS in young women are hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight, high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases. The co-existence of multiple risk factors is the main cause suffering from ACS in young women.

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