scholarly journals Current state of the evidence on community treatments for people with complex emotional needs: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ledden ◽  
Luke Sheridan Rains ◽  
Merle Schlief ◽  
Phoebe Barnett ◽  
Brian Chi Fung Ching ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Current State ◽  
Testing Stage

AbstractBackgroundImproving the quality of care in community settings for people with ‘Complex Emotional Needs’ (CEN - our preferred working term for services for people with a “personality disorder” diagnosis or comparable needs) is recognised internationally as a priority. Plans to improve care should be rooted as far as possible in evidence. We aimed to take stock of the current state of such evidence, and identify significant gaps through a scoping review of published investigations of outcomes of community-based psychosocial interventions designed for CEN.MethodsWe conducted a scoping review with systematic searches. We searched six bibliographic databases, including forward and backward citation searching, and reference searching of relevant systematic reviews. We included studies using quantitative methods to test for effects on any clinical, social, and functioning outcomes from community-based interventions for people with CEN.ResultsWe included 226 papers in all (209 studies). Little relevant literature was published before 2000. Since then, publications per year and sample sizes have gradually increased, but most studies are relatively small, including many pilot or uncontrolled studies. Most studies focus on symptom and self-harm outcomes of various forms of specialist psychotherapy: most result in outcomes better than from inactive controls and similar to other specialist psychotherapies. We found large evidence gaps.Adaptation and testing of therapies for significant groups (e.g. people with comorbid psychosis, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder or substance misuse; older and younger groups; parents) have for the most part only reached a feasibility testing stage. We found little evidence regarding interventions to improve social aspects of people’s lives, peer support or ways of designing effective services.ConclusionsCompared with other longer term mental health problems that significantly impair functioning, the evidence base on how to provide high quality care for people with CEN is very limited. There is good evidence that people with CEN can be effectively helped when specialist therapies are available and they are able to engage with them. However, a much more methodologically robust and substantial literature addressing a much wider range of research questions is urgently needed to optimise treatment and support across this group.

scholarly journals Prevention and Treatment of Problem Gambling Among Older Adults: A Scoping Review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora I Matheson ◽  
Travis Sztainert ◽  
Yana Lakman ◽  
Sarah Jane Steele ◽  
Carolyn P Ziegler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Nous Avons ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Personnes Âgées ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Gambling is a socially acceptable form of recreation for older adults, but excessive gambling can lead to negative financial consequences and mental health problems. The lack of attention given to gambling problems among older adults has been highlighted in the literature for over a decade. The objectives of this review were to examine relevant literature on interventions for prevention and treatment of problem gambling (PG) among older adults and to identify research gaps. To this end, we conducted a scoping review of both quantitative and qualitative research, focusing on adult studies. Because of the lack of PG research specific to older adults, we focused our review on prevention and treatment among adult studies that covered a wide age range. Our literature search, conducted in a range of bibliographic databases, located 7,632 titles. After duplicates were eliminated, 4,268 records remained; 2,321 were excluded based on title and 1,247 remained after abstract review. Three independent assessors reviewed the full text of 700 articles and found 247 that met our inclusion/exclusion criteria. We identified a paucity of research on prevention and treatment of problem gambling specific to older adults, with the gaps in evidence even greater for prevention. We found only six studies specific to adults aged 55 years and older. Studies on older women are severely lacking. We conclude with some suggestions for future research.RésuméLe jeu est une forme de loisir socialement acceptable pour les personnes en âge avancé, mais le jeu excessif peut entraîner des conséquences financières graves et des problèmes de santé mentale. Depuis plus d’une décennie, le manque d’attention accordée aux problèmes de jeu chez les personnes âgées a été souligné dans la littérature. Cette étude avait pour but d’examiner les ouvrages portant sur les interventions de prévention et le traitement du jeu problématique chez les personnes âgées et de cerner les lacunes dans la recherche. À cette fin, on a entrepris un examen de l’étendue de la recherche quantitative et qualitative axée sur les études sur les adultes. En raison de l’absence de recherche sur le jeu compulsif propre aux adultes âgés, nous avons axé notre examen sur la prévention et le traitement dans les études pour adultes couvrant plusieurs tranches d’âge. Notre revue de la littérature, menée dans diverses bases de données bibliographiques, a permis de répertorier 7 632 titres. Après l’élimination des doublons, il est resté 4268 titres; 2321 ont été exclus sur la base du titre et nous en avons conservé 1247 après la lecture des résumés. Trois évaluateurs indépendants ont examiné le texte intégral de 700 articles et ont repéré 247 articles qui répondaient à nos critères d’inclusion/d’exclusion. Nous avons constaté un manque de recherche sur la prévention et le traitement du jeu problématique propre aux personnes âgées, et des lacunes encore plus évidentes au chapitre de la prévention. Nous avons trouvé seulement six études portant spécifiquement sur les adultes âgés de 55 ans et plus. Les études sur les femmes d’âge mûr font cruellement défaut. Nous avons conclu en donnant quelques suggestions pour de futures recherches.

Place, Power, and Premature Mortality: A Rapid Scoping Review on the Health of Women in Appalachia

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110113
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Thompson ◽  
Lauren R. Risser ◽  
Madeline N. Dunfee ◽  
Nancy E. Schoenberg ◽  
Jessica G. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Appalachian Women ◽  
Social Ecological

Objective: Appalachian women continue to die younger than in other US regions. We performed a rapid scoping review to summarize women’s health research in Appalachia from 2000 to 2019, including health topics, study populations, theoretical frameworks, methods, and findings. Data Source: We searched bibliographic databases (eg, PubMed, PsycINFO, Google Scholar) for literature focusing on women’s health in Appalachia. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Included articles were: (1) on women’s health in Appalachia; (2) published January 2000 to June 2019; (3) peer-reviewed; and (4) written in English. We excluded studies without reported data findings. Data Extraction: Two coders reviewed articles for descriptive information to create summary tables comparing variables of interest. Data Synthesis: Two coders co-reviewed a sub-sample to ensure consensus and refine data charting categories. We categorized major findings across the social-ecological framework. Results: A search of nearly 2 decades of literature revealed 81 articles, which primarily focused on cancer disparities (49.4%) and prenatal/pregnancy outcomes (23.5%). Many of these research studies took place in Central Appalachia (eg, 42.0% in Kentucky) with reproductive or middle-aged women (82.7%). Half of the studies employed quantitative methods, and half used qualitative methods, with few mixed method or community-engaged approaches (3.7%). Nearly half (40.7%) did not specify a theoretical framework. Findings included complex multi-level factors with few articles exploring the co-occurrence of factors across multiple levels. Conclusions: Future studies should: 1) systematically include Appalachian women at various life stages from under-represented sub-regions; 2) expand the use of rigorous methods and specified theoretical frameworks to account for complex interactions of social-ecological factors; and 3) build upon existing community assets to improve health in this vulnerable population.

Mental health and stigma in Saudi Arabia: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Alattar ◽  
Anne Felton ◽  
Theodore Stickley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Mental Health Stigma ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Purpose Stigma associated with mental health problems is widespread in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Consequently, this may prevent many Saudi people from accessing the mental health-care services and support they need. The purpose of this study is to consider how stigma affects people needing to access mental health services in the KSA. To achieve this aim, this study reviews the knowledge base concerning stigma and mental health in KSA and considers specific further research necessary to increase the knowledge and understanding in this important area. Design/methodology/approach This review examines the relevant literature concerning mental health stigma and related issues in KSA using the Arksey and O'Malley and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses frameworks. As a scoping review, it has used a systematic approach in literature searching. The results of the search were then thematically analysed and the themes were then discussed in light of the concepts of stigma and mental health. Findings Stigma around mental health impedes access to care, the nature of care and current clinical practice in the KSA. The voices of those with mental health issues in KSA are almost entirely unrepresented in the literature. Originality/value The review identifies that mental health stigma and cultural beliefs about mental health in KSA may act as barriers to accessing services. The voice of mental health service users in KSA remains largely unheard. If public discussion of mental health issues can increase, people’s experiences of accessing services may be improved.

scholarly journals Sport Events for Sport Participation: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Teare ◽  
Marijke Taks
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Database Search ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Study Context

Research on sport participation impacts from sport events has been sporadic. This scoping review assesses the current state of literature that addresses impacts, legacies, and leveraging of sport events for sport participation outcomes and the gaps in terms of study context and research designs. Two systematic approaches of article identification were performed: a traditional database search and a systematic manual search. Studies on sport participation outcomes from events mainly focused on mega sport events and adult populations, with the majority employing cross-sectional data and quantitative methods. The use theoretical of frameworks is limited and inconsistent. There is a need for longitudinal investigations, as well as more focus on youth populations, participant events, and smaller-sized events to advance the research agenda for sport participation outcomes from sport events.

scholarly journals The unpredictable journeys of spreading, sustaining and scaling healthcare innovations: a scoping review

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Élizabeth Côté-Boileau ◽  
Jean-Louis Denis ◽  
Bill Callery ◽  
Meghan Sabean
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Health Service Delivery ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
System Transformation ◽  
Full Text Review

Abstract Innovation has the potential to improve the quality of care and health service delivery, but maximising the reach and impact of innovation to achieve large-scale health system transformation remains understudied. Interest is growing in three processes of the innovation journey within health systems, namely the spread, sustainability and scale-up (3S) of innovation. Recent reviews examine what we know about these processes. However, there is little research on how to support and operationalise the 3S. This study aims to improve our understanding of the 3S of healthcare innovations. We focus specifically on the definitions of the 3S, the mechanisms that underpin them, and the conditions that either enable or limit their potential. We conducted a scoping review, systematically investigating six bibliographic databases to search, screen and select relevant literature on the 3S of healthcare innovations. We screened 641 papers, then completed a full-text review of 112 identified as relevant based on title and abstract. A total of 24 papers were retained for analysis. Data were extracted and synthesised through descriptive and inductive thematic analysis. From this, we develop a framework of actionable guidance for health system actors aiming to leverage the 3S of innovation across five key areas of focus, as follows: (1) focus on the why, (2) focus on perceived-value and feasibility, (3) focus on what people do, rather than what they should be doing, (4) focus on creating a dialogue between policy and delivery, and (5) focus on inclusivity and capacity building. While there is no standardised approach to foster the 3S of healthcare innovations, a variety of practical frameworks and tools exist to support stakeholders along this journey.

Longitudinal Impact of Community-Based Rehabilitation Programs on Functional Recovery After Stroke: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 108482232110355
Author(s):  
Ingyu Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this scoping review is to guide the effects of long-term application of CBRP in stroke patients and to help make recommendations for developing treatment protocols for therapeutic application. The study examined relevant literature published between 2009 and 2020 using searches of 4 scientific databases. CBRP may have long-term effects on the functional effectiveness of stroke patients. In particular, long-term effects on walking ability and level of daily living activities have been identified. However, disease-related health conditions and quality of life were less effective in the long run. The effect decreased over time, but the long-term effect was maintained. Long-term intervention after discharge has proven to make a significant difference in the outcome of the goal. Given the potential therapeutic benefits of this process, the results of this review highlight the lack of further research to establish the effectiveness of this form of community-based long-term rehabilitation therapy for stroke patients.

scholarly journals The Effects of Pandemics on Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-443
Author(s):  
Vesna Antičević
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Resilience ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Indirect Contact

The aim of this paper was to present the existing scientific knowledge about the effects of a pandemic on psychological needs and mental health. A search of bibliographic databases (WoS, Scopus, Medline) found numerous studies published in various publications by entering the keywords: COVID-19 OR pandemic AND psychological needs AND mental health AND hardiness. The results of the research indicated that the fear of infecting oneself and loved ones, the consequences of social distancing and the economic consequences of a pandemic could have a significant effect on mental health. The following groups have been identified as particularly vulnerable to pandemic stressors: (a) people who have been in direct or indirect contact with the virus; (b) people with previous psychiatric problems; (c) health professionals and (d) people who constantly follow pandemic news. The consequences of a pandemic threaten basic psychological needs such as physiological needs, the need for safety, and the need for love and intimacy. The most common mental health problems that have been identified since the onset of the pandemic are anxiety, depression, symptoms of post-traumatic stress and substance abuse. In conclusion, since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a large number of risk factors that can endanger mental health have been identified, as well as protective factors, such as psychological resilience.

Models that underpin social media health interventions: A Scoping Review Protocol (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Zayan Nizam ◽  
Leigh Powell ◽  
Nabil Zary
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Design Models ◽  
Current State ◽  
Review Protocol

BACKGROUND Social media use has grown tremendously over the years. Given the volume of people on social media and the amount of information being exchanged, it is perhaps unsurprising that social media is being used to promote health interventions. There exists an opportunity for social media-driven health interventions to make a positive impact on health. There is a need to explore the current state of this field, including the platforms being used, models of design, models of behavior change, and evaluation that underpin social media health interventions. This scoping protocol will help to inform those who wish to develop such health interventions. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this scoping review protocol is to map the landscape of health interventions disseminated through social media. In addition to which we aim to understand what models of design, models of behavior change, and evaluation underpin social media health interventions. METHODS The methodological framework for this review is guided by Arksey and O’Malley and enhancements by Levac et al. and Peters et al. We will search relevant literature from 9 databases (1) PubMed, (2) PsychINFO, (2) Embase, (4) Web of Science, (5) SCOPUS, (6) CINAHL, (7) ERIC, (8) MEDLINE, (9) Google Scholar. The literature will be screened by at least two reviewers in two stages 1) Title/Abstract screening against the eligibility criteria; eligible articles will then undergo full text screening. Data will be charted using the data charting tool developed by the authors. RESULTS The results of this study will be presented in the final scoping review in two sections. The first section will describe the search strategy and study selection process and will contain the PRISMA flow chart. The second section will provide key details pertaining to the review objective and question. CONCLUSIONS Our scoping review will provide insights into the use of social media in the field of health intervention. Using social media to drive health interventions is an emerging way of reaching diverse audiences. This scoping review provides an opportunity to explore the current state of the field and help to inform others who wish to enter into the space of social media-driven health interventions to improve health outcomes.

PTSD in the COVID-19 Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Chamaa ◽  
Hisham F. Bahmad ◽  
Batoul Darwish ◽  
Jana M. Kobeissi ◽  
Malak Hoballah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
World Health ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Background: In December 2019, Wuhan City in Hubei Province, China witnessed an outbreak of a novel type of coronavirus (COVID-19), named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The sharp rise in the number of infected cases and the surge spike in fatalities worldwide prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare this rapid outbreak a global pandemic in March 2020. The economic, health, and social ramifications of COVID-19 induced fear and anxiety all over the world. Objective: The purpose of this review is to discuss how precautionary measures and restrictions imposed by governments, such as quarantines, lockdowns, and social distancing, have not only caused economic losses, but also a rise in mental health problems specifically post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: A deep comprehensive analysis review in of the relevant literature regarding the pandemic and its debilitating consequences on the psychological status of the public were was discussed performed. Results: This review illustrates that the COVID-19 pandemic had a traumatic impact on the psychological functioning of the public, particularly COVID-19 survivors, older adults, and healthcare workers, in particularly, due to the difficulties in coping with new realities and uncertainties. Conclusion: In this review, we have discussed the psychological implications of this pandemic and we have provided an extensive background for understanding options regarding PTSD management in healthy individuals and those with preexisting conditions.

scholarly journals The roles, responsibilities and practices of healthcare assistants in out-of-hours community palliative care: A systematic scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 976-988
Author(s):  
Anne Fee ◽  
Deborah Muldrew ◽  
Paul Slater ◽  
Sheila Payne ◽  
Sonja McIlfatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Emotional Needs ◽  
Out Of Hours ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Role Responsibilities ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Access to community palliative care ‘out-of-hours’ – defined as care provided after the normal hours of work – is advocated globally. Healthcare assistants, who provide care under the direction of a qualified professional, are increasingly employed to help deliver such care, yet there is a little understanding regarding their role, responsibilities or contribution. Aim: The aim of this study was to identify the roles, responsibilities and contributions of healthcare assistants in out-of-hours community palliative care. Design: Scoping review Data sources: Five bibliographic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Scopus) and grey literature were searched using a predefined search strategy. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews statement. Results: The search yielded six papers using quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods. Results highlighted a lack of recognition of the role and contribution of healthcare assistants. A concurrent theme was that healthcare assistants continually monitored and responded to patient’s and family’s physical and emotional needs; there was also self-reported evidence indicating patient and family benefit, such as maintaining a sense of normality and support to remain at home. Discussion: This review highlighted a dearth of evidence relating to the healthcare assistant role in out-of-hours palliative care. Limited evidence suggests they play a role, but that it is hidden and undervalued. Such invisibility will have a significant impact on the planning and delivery of out-of-hours palliative care. Future research is needed on role development for the benefit of patients and caregivers.

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