scholarly journals Relationship of sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and diet habits with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a multi-ethnic Asian population

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleem Perwaiz Iqbal ◽  
Amutha Ramadas ◽  
Quek Kia Fatt ◽  
Ho Loon Shin ◽  
Wong Yin Onn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asian Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Dietary Behaviours ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Diet Habits

AbstractObjectivesLiterature shows a high prevalence of MetS among Malaysians, varying across major ethnicities. As sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and diet habits of such communities have been reported to be diverse, the study objective was to investigate the association of various sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors and diet habits on MetS overall and among the three major ethnic communities in Malaysia.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among 481 Malaysians of age 18 years and above living in Johor, Malaysia. Information on demographics, lifestyle and diet habits was collected using a structured questionnaire. MetS was diagnosed among the subjects using the Harmonized criteria. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse associations between sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and dietary behaviours with MetS.ResultsMetS was found among 32.2% of the respondents, more prevalent among the Indians (51.9%), followed by Malays (36.7%) and Chinese (20.2%). Overall, increasing age (AOR=2.44[95%CI=1.27-4.70] at 40-49 years vs. AOR=4.14[95%CI=1.97-8.69] at 60 years and above) and Indian ethnicity (AOR=1.95[95%CI=1.12-3.38)] increased, while higher education (AOR = 0.44[95%CI = 0.20-0.94] reduced the odds of MetS in this population. Quick finishing of meals (AOR=2.17[95%CI=1.02-4.60]) and low physical activity (AOR=4.76[95%CI=1.49-15.26]) was associated with an increased odds of MetS among the Malays and Chinese, respectively.ConclusionThe population in Johor is diverse in these factors, and some of these are associated with MetS in certain ethnicities. In light of such differences, ethnic specific measures are needed to reduce the prevalence of MetS in this population.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ASUPAN PROTEIN, LEMAK, KALIUM DAN MAGNESIUM DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH SISTOLIK DAN DIASTOLIK LANJUT USIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Aria Menad M ◽  
Aryu Candra Kusumastuti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Magnesium Intake ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Spearman Test

Background : Hypertension is one of the degenerative diseases that has high prevalence an increase. One of the factors that influence blood pressure in hypertensive patients is protein, fat, potassium, and magnesium intake. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of protein, fat, potassium, and magnesium intake with blood pressure in elderly.Design : This cross-sectional study was conducted among 42 subjects (aged 60-80 years) of PWRI (Persatuan Wredatama Republik Indonesia) members rating South Semarang, Semarang. Food recall method was used to measure the intake of protein, fat, potassium and magnesium intake. Blood pressure was measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer. Rank- Spearman test was used on bivariate analysis. Results : On the results of this study as many as 83.3% of subjects hypertention. Protein intake (52.4% of subjects), fat intake (100% of subject) potassium intake (54.8%) and magnesium (95.2% of subjects) are lower than needs. Bivariate analysis shows that there were no correlation between protein, fat, potassium, and magnesium intake and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion : In there were correlation between protein, fat, potassium, and magnesium intake and systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. 

scholarly journals The double burden of tuberculosis and diabetes prevalance of diabetes melitus in tuberculosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Rajesh Kumar Khare ◽  
Vivek Katiyar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Relationship Of

Background: The burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide. The prevalence of TB has been rising in recent years globally. Aging, changes in life style, socioeconomic factors, and population growth have lead to an increased prevalence of DM, particularly, type 2 DM. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) almost triples the risk of developing tuberculosis (TB). India, the nation with the highest number of TB cases in the world, is also undergoing epidemic growth in DM rates. With the demographic transition underway globally, increase in life expectancy, improvements in provision of health services and a subsequent increase in the elderly population, the absolute numbers of cases of diabetes will increase exponentially. As a result, DM and TB are increasingly present together, and this calls for renewed interest in this topic. Various studies done in different parts of India and in other parts of globe where TB is endemic have shown a higher prevalence of DM among PT infected with tuberculosis. We in our study undertaken in Department of medicine in IIMS&R Lucknow UP found a high prevalence of DM amongst TB patients. Routine screening of TB patients for DM will help detect cases of diabetes and pre-diabetes early, so that primary prevention methods may be initiated early and effectively.Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was undertaken in Department of medicine in IIMS and R Lucknow UP. All TB cases more than 18 years of age, including new and re-treatment cases, sputum positive, sputum negative and extra-pulmonary cases currently on treatment in the were included in the study.Results: Using the diagnostic criteria, as mentioned in the methodology, the prevalence of diabetes among TB patients in this study was found to be 24.5% of which 18.5% were known DM cases and 5.9% were newly diagnosed.Conclusions: The burden of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide. The association between diabetes and tuberculosis is the next challenge for global tuberculosis control. Improved understanding of the bidirectional relationship of the two diseases is necessary for proper planning and collaboration to reduce the dual burden of diabetes and TB. In people with TB, it may be appropriate to actively screen for DM. Prevention, screening, and treatment of both diseases together is more effective.  

scholarly journals THE STATE OF ANXIETY, DEPRESSION, AND STRESS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH CONFIRMED COVID-19 INFECTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-136
Author(s):  
SUBHASIS MITRA ◽  
DALIA MITRA ◽  
ABHIJIT DUTTA
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Objectives: In the past few months, the COVID-19 pandemic has drastically invaded the globe with its high infectivity. In this situation, people’s mental health is of utmost importance but poorly reported, especially in patients. We conducted this cross-sectional study among laboratory-confirmed hospitalized patients to evaluate the burden of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Methods: We used depression, anxiety and stress scale 21 (DASS-21) to evaluate respective mental health components. A total of 114 hospitalized patients participated in this study. Of which, 65.79% were male patients. Results: The reported depression, anxiety, and stress were 77.2%, 84.2%, and 54.4%, respectively. An inverse relationship of the total DASS-21 score was found with the age of the participants. Conclusion: Such a high prevalence of mental health outcome suggests the need for further evaluation and addressing the problem with immediate concern.

scholarly journals High prevalence of HTLV-1 and 2 viruses in pregnant women in São Luis, state of Maranhão, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verônica Guimarães de Souza ◽  
Marina Lobato Martins ◽  
Anna Bárbara de Freitas Carneiro-Proietti ◽  
José Nélio Januário ◽  
Roberto Vagner Puglia Ladeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Human T Cell ◽  
High Prevalence

INTRODUCTION: Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is endemic in the Caribbean, Japan, South America and regions of Africa. HTLV-2 is present in Native American populations and associated with IV drug use in Europe and North America. In Brazil, it is estimated that 1.5 million people are infected with HTLV-1/2. The study objective was to determine HTLV-1/2 prevalence in pregnant women in the prenatal care from three public services in São Luis, State of Maranhão, Brazil, and to counsel seropositive women to reduce viral transmission. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to December 2008; women with age of 18 to 45 years, with low risk for sexually transmitted disease (STD) were invited to participate. Blood samples were collected in filter paper, and HTLV-1/2 immunoenzymatic test (ELISA) was performed as a screening test. Women with reactive results were submitted to peripheral venous blood collection for ELISA repetition, followed by Western blot (WB) and real-time PCR to confirm and discriminate the infection between virus types 1 and 2. RESULTS: Of the 2,044 women tested, seven (0.3%) were ELISA reactive and confirmed positive (four were HTLV-1, and three were HTLV-2). All positive women were oriented not to breastfeed their newborns. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the virus is present in high prevalence in that population. Further studies covering other segments of the population are necessary to better characterize the presence of HTLV-1/2 in Maranhão and to elicit measures to prevent its spread.

An investigation of the association between vending machine confectionery purchase frequency by schoolchildren in the UK and other dietary and lifestyle factors

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A New ◽  
M Barbara E Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Computer Games ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Vending Machines ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjective:Availability of confectionery from vending machines in secondary schools provides a convenient point of purchase. There is concern that this may lead to ‘over-indulgence’ and hence an increase in susceptibility to obesity and poor ‘dietary quality’. The study objective was to investigate the association between the frequency of consumption of confectionery purchased from vending machines and other sources and related lifestyle factors in adolescent boys and girls.Design:A secondary school-based, cross-sectional study.Subjects and setting:A total of 504 subjects were investigated (age range 12–15 years), from three schools in southern and northern England. Using a lifestyle questionnaire, frequency of confectionery consumption (CC) from all sources (AS) and vending machines (VM) was recorded for a typical school week. Subjects were categorised into non-consumers, low, medium and high consumers using the following criteria: none, 0 times per week; low, 1–5 times per week; medium, 6–9 times per week; high, 10 times per week or greater.Results:No differences were found in the frequency of CC from AS or VM between those who consumed breakfast and lunch and those who did not. No differences were found in the frequency of fruit and vegetable intake in high VM CC vs. none VM CC groups, or in any of the VM CC groups. Confectionery consumption from AS (but not VM) was found to be higher in subjects who were physically active on the journey to school (P <0.01) but also higher in those who spent more time watching television and playing computer games (P <0.01). No associations were found between smoking habits or alcohol consumption and frequency of CC.Conclusions:These results do not show a link between consumption of confectionery purchased from vending machines and ‘poor’ dietary practice or ‘undesirable’ lifestyle habits. Findings for total confectionery consumption showed some interesting trends, but the results were not consistent, either for a negative or positive effect.

scholarly journals The Relationship Of Leukocyturia On The Incidence of Prominent Rupture of The Membrane in Preterm Pregnancy at the General Hospital of The University of Muhammadiyah Malang

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Mochamad Ma'roef ◽  
Ayu Prima Kusuma Putri
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The University ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Prelabor rupture of the membrane (PROM) requires greater attention because of the high prevalence and its tendency to increase. The incidence of PROM at  37 weeks of gestation (aterm) is around 6.45-15.6% and about 2-3 percent of all single preterm pregnancies and 7.4% in twin preterm pregnancies. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between leukosituria and the incidence of premature rupture of membrane at < 37 weeks of gestation at the General Hospital of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang during 2015-2017. This is an analytic observational research with a cross-sectional study approach. Data were analyzed with Chi Square. Out of 36 samples that fit in the inclusion criteria, 18 patients had preterm PROM while 18 others had Aterm PROM. PROM mostly occurs in multigravida patients (58.3%, 21 patients). Patients with 38-39 weeks of gestation had the highest prevalence of PROM. Out of 18 Preterm PROM patients, 9 patients had leukocyturia. Only 1 aterm patients had positive leukocyturia. The result of this study showed a significant relationship between the incidence of PROM and preterm pregnancy.

scholarly journals Undiagnosed Hypertension in a Workplace: The Case of a Logistics Company in Gauteng, South Africa

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 964
Author(s):  
Morongwa Bokaba ◽  
Perpetua Modjadji ◽  
Kebogile Elizabeth Mokwena
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistics Company ◽  
Undiagnosed Hypertension ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

A large proportion of the population with hypertension remains undiagnosed, untreated, or inadequately treated, contributing to the rising burden of cardiovascular diseases in South Africa. A workplace may either mitigate or accentuate the risk factors for hypertension. A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and associated factors among 312 employees in a Logistics Company, South Africa. A modified, validated, self-administered WHO STEPwise questionnaire was used to collect data on demography, lifestyle factors, anthropometry and blood pressure (BP). Hypertension was defined at BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg. Data was analysed using STATA 14. Mean age of employees was 40 ± 10 years, with a 50% prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension. No significant association was observed between occupation and undiagnosed hypertension, except for high prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among truck drivers and van assistants (43%), and general workers (27%), having higher odds of increased waist-to-height ratio. Hypertension was associated with age (OR = 2.3, 95%CI; 1.21–4.27), alcohol use (AOR = 1.8, 95%CI; 1.05–2.93), waist circumference (AOR = 2.3, 95%CI; 1.29–4.07) and waist-to-height-ratio (AOR = 3.7, 95%CI; 1.85–7.30). Improved and effective workplace health programs and policies are necessary for management of undiagnosed hypertension among employees. Longitudinal studies on mediation of occupation in association of demographic and lifestyle factors with hypertension in workplaces are needed.

scholarly journals Is Alcohol Consumption Related to Lifestyle Factors in Romanian University Students?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1835
Author(s):  
Bogdana Adriana Năsui ◽  
Rodica Ana Ungur ◽  
Patricia Talaba ◽  
Valentin Nicolae Varlas ◽  
Nina Ciuciuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

Poor eating habits and substance abuse are major public health concerns among young adults transitioning into university life. This study’s objective was to assess Romanian students’ alcohol consumption and correlate it with other lifestyle factors. We performed a cross-sectional study of 1212 students with a mean age of 21.1 ± 2.4 years. We applied a valid online questionnaire to evaluate and statistically analyze the interrelation between alcohol consumption and lifestyle factors by multivariate statistical analysis. The prevalence of alcohol consumption among the student population enrolled in the study was 79.9%. Multiple regression showed that alcohol consumption was positively associated with gender (p < 0.001), level of physical activity (p = 0.009), number of cigarettes (p < 0.001), and fast-food consumption (p < 0.001), and negatively associated with sleep (p = 0.012) and study hours (p < 0.001). The study revealed a high prevalence (18%) of binge drinking among males. The frequent use of illicit drugs is associated with alcohol consumption (p < 0.001) but present at low levels (1.6%). The study evidenced a high prevalence of alcohol consumption in students, especially in males, and poor food behavior related to the intake of vegetables and fruits. Health promotion campaigns regarding the harmful effects of alcohol, smoking, poor nutrition, and ongoing illicit drug prevention campaigns are needed to improve students’ performances.

scholarly journals Hubungan Status Kesehatan Periodontal dengan Kebiasaan Menyirih pada Mahasiswa Etnis Papua di Manado

e-GIGI ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Welmince Oktofina Fatlolona
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Inspection Techniques

Penyakit periodontal memiliki prevalensi cukup tinggi di masyarakat.. Salah satu faktor penyebab masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut ialah faktor perilaku masyarakat yang dijadikan suatu budaya atau kebiasaan. Menyirih merupakan kebiasaan yang masih dilakukan oleh masyarakat hingga saat ini termasuk etnis Papua yang tinggal di Manado. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan status kesehatan periodontal dengan kebiasaan menyirih pada mahasiswa etnis Papua di Manado. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional study yang dilakukan pada mahasiswa etnis Papua di Manado, dengan sampel sebanyak 42 orang. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dan pemeriksaan menggunakan CPITN. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa status kesehatan periodontal mahasiswa etnis Papua di Manado yang memilki kebiasaan menyirih termasuk buruk sebanyak 32 orang (76,2%) dan sangat buruk sebanyak 10 orang (23,8%). Terdapat hubungan antara frekueni menyirih dalam sehari dengan status kesehatan periodontal. Penelitian ini menunjukkan masih perlunya ditingkatkan promosi kesehatan akan dampak negatif dari kebiasaan menyirih secara terus menerus untuk merubah perilaku masyarakat etnis Papua yang masih mempertahankan kebiasaan menyirih.Kata kunci: kebiasaan menyirih, status kesehatan periodontal, etnis PapuaABSTRACTPeriodontal disease has a high prevalence in the community. One of the causes of oral health problems are the behavioral factors that made a culture or customs. Chewing betel is a habit that is still practiced by the community, including ethnic Papuans living in Manado. This study aims to determine the relationship of periodontal health status with the chewing betel habits of ethnic Papuan students in Manado. This is a descriptive analytic study with a cross-sectional study conducted in the ethnic Papuan students in Manado with number of samples 42 people. Method of sampling using purposive sampling. Data collection using list of questionnaires and also direct examination inspection techniques using CPITN. These results indicate that the periodontal health status of ethnic Papuan students in Manado who have the habit of chewing betel include bad as many as 32 people (76.2 %) and very bad as many as 10 people (23.8 %). There is a relationship between chewing betel frequency in a day with periodontal health status. From these results, it is expected for health clinicians to conduct health promotion of the negative impact of continuous chewing betel habit to change the behavior of ethnic Papuans student who still maintain the chewing betel habits.Keywords : chewing betel habits, periodontal health status, ethnic Papuans

Minerals Intake Distributions in a Large Sample of Iranian at-Risk Population Using the National Cancer Institute Method: Do They Meet Their Requirements?

2015 ◽  
Vol 85 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Awat Feizi ◽  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
National Cancer Institute ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract. Background: Minerals are required for the body’s normal function. Aim: The current study assessed the intake distribution of minerals and estimated the prevalence of inadequacy and excess among a representative sample of healthy middle aged and elderly Iranian people. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the second follow up to the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS), 1922 generally healthy people aged 40 and older were investigated. Dietary intakes were collected using 24 hour recalls and two or more consecutive food records. Distribution of minerals intake was estimated using traditional (averaging dietary intake days) and National Cancer Institute (NCI) methods, and the results obtained from the two methods, were compared. The prevalence of minerals intake inadequacy or excess was estimated using the estimated average requirement (EAR) cut-point method, the probability approach and the tolerable upper intake levels (UL). Results: There were remarkable differences between values obtained using traditional and NCI methods, particularly in the lower and upper percentiles of the estimated intake distributions. A high prevalence of inadequacy of magnesium (50 - 100 %), calcium (21 - 93 %) and zinc (30 - 55 % for males > 50 years) was observed. Significant gender differences were found regarding inadequate intakes of calcium (21 - 76 % for males vs. 45 - 93 % for females), magnesium (92 % vs. 100 %), iron (0 vs. 15 % for age group 40 - 50 years) and zinc (29 - 55 % vs. 0 %) (all; p < 0.05). Conclusion: Severely imbalanced intakes of magnesium, calcium and zinc were observed among the middle-aged and elderly Iranian population. Nutritional interventions and population-based education to improve healthy diets among the studied population at risk are needed.

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