scholarly journals Quantum-like modelling in game theory: Quo Vadis? A brief review

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Sudip Patra ◽  
Partha Ghose
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Quantum Entanglement ◽  
Nash Equilibria ◽  
Classical Case ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Quantum Games ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Prisoners Dilemma

Purpose The current paper is a brief review of the emerging field of quantum-like modelling in game theory. This paper aims to explore several quantum games, which are superior compared to their classical counterparts, which means either they give rise to superior Nash equilibria or they make the game fairer. For example, quantum Prisoners Dilemma generates Pareto superior outcomes as compared to defection outcome in the famous classical case. Again, a quantum-like version of cards game can make the game fairer, increasing the chance of winning of players who are disadvantaged in the classical case. This paper explores all the virtues of simple quantum games, also highlighting some findings of the authors as regards Prisoners Dilemma game. Design/methodology/approach As this is a general review paper, the authors have not demonstrated any specific mathematical method, rather explored the well-known quantum probability framework, used for designing quantum games. They have a short appendix which explores basic structure of Hilbert space representation of human decision-making. Findings Along with the review of the extant literature, the authors have also highlighted some new findings for quantum Prisoners Dilemma game. Specifically, they have shown in the earlier studies (which are referred to here) that a pure quantum entanglement set up is not needed for designing better games, even a weaker condition, which is classical entanglement is sufficient for producing Pareto improved outcomes. Research limitations/implications Theoretical research, with findings and implications for future game designs, it has been argued that it is not always needed to have true quantum entanglement for superior Nash Equilibria. Originality/value The main purpose here is to raise awareness mainly in the social science community about the possible applications of quantum-like game theory paradigm. The findings related to Prisoners Dilemma game are, however, original.

A dynamic evolutionary game model of web celebrity brand eWOM marketing control strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjie Liao ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Ruimei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Dynamic Visualization ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Marketing Environment

PurposeThis paper aims to recognize whether government policy supervision or social network platform supervision can effectively promote the control of misconducts of web celebrity brand eWOM marketing and to identify the key factors influencing the unhealthy web celebrity marketing environment.Design/methodology/approachTheoretical research was employed to develop a practical approach for applying evolutionary game theory to eWOM marketing controlling strategies modeling via dynamic visualization, systematic simulation experiments.FindingsEvolutionary game theory combined with dynamic simulation modeling can provide a formal approach to understanding web celebrity brand eWOM marketing decision-making in social media, which can thus support the control of unhealthy web celebrity marketing environment. The results demonstrate that the reasonable control of social platform control costs may be more effective than the government policy on web celebrity fake brand eWOM marketing behaviors.Originality/valueThe study enriches the research on the management and control of eWOM marketing as well as provides guidance for the sustainable development of the web celebrity economy in social media.

scholarly journals Game theory modelling of retail marketing discount strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 555-566
Author(s):  
Mark Taylor ◽  
Vince Kwasnica ◽  
Denis Reilly ◽  
Somasundaram Ravindran
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Retail Marketing ◽  
Payoff Matrices

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use the game theory combined with Monte Carlo simulation modelling to support the analysis of different retail marketing strategies, in particular, using payoff matrices for modelling the likely outcomes from different retail marketing strategies. Design/methodology/approach Theoretical research was utilised to develop a practical approach for applying game theory to retail marketing strategies via payoff matrices combined with Monte Carlo simulation modelling. Findings Game theory combined with Monte Carlo simulation modelling can provide a formal approach to understanding consumer decision making in a retail environment, which can support the development of retail marketing strategies. Research limitations/implications Game theory combined with Monte Carlo simulation modelling can support the modelling of the interaction between retail marketing actions and consumer responses in a practical formal probabilistic manner, which can inform marketing strategies used by retail companies in a practical manner. Practical implications Game theory combined with Monte Carlo simulation modelling can provide a formalised mechanism for examining how consumers may respond to different retail marketing strategies. Originality/value The originality of this research is the practical application of game theory to retail marketing, in particular the use of payoff matrices combined with Monte Carlo simulation modelling to examine likely consumer behaviour in response to different retail marketing approaches.

The Analysis of Willingness to Cooperate for Farmers to Participate in Water Management Based on Game Theory

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 1002-1010
Author(s):  
Cong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Game Theory ◽  
Dynamic Game ◽  
Collective Rationality ◽  
Game Analysis ◽  
Static Game ◽  
Free Riders ◽  
Evolution Analysis ◽  
Prisoners Dilemma ◽  
Willingness To Cooperate

To analyze the willingness to cooperate of farmers to participate in water management, we base on game theory and first carry on single static game analysis of willingness to cooperate for farmers to participate in water management, and find that farmers are into a Prisoners Dilemma in a single game, individual rationality comes into conflict with collective rationality, at this time farmers have a tendency to "free riders", so it is difficult to achieve cooperation between the farmers. Then trying to break the prisoners' dilemma, we carry on the farmers repeated dynamic game, the analysis is carried on in the context of incomplete information and limited rationality, we carry on game evolution analysis for willingness to cooperate for farmers to participate in water management. In order to guarantee the rationality of the study, we conduct a survey of willingness to cooperate of farmers to participate in water management in province of Zhejiang and finally confirm that the study is reasonable. And through the analysis of the full text, we conclude six important conclusions.

scholarly journals Quantum Mean-Field Games with the Observations of Counting Type

Games ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Vassili N. Kolokoltsov
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Open Problem ◽  
Existence And Uniqueness ◽  
Existence Of Solutions ◽  
Mean Field ◽  
Mean Field Games ◽  
Quantum Game ◽  
Quantum Games ◽  
Interesting Open Problem

Quantum games and mean-field games (MFG) represent two important new branches of game theory. In a recent paper the author developed quantum MFGs merging these two branches. These quantum MFGs were based on the theory of continuous quantum observations and filtering of diffusive type. In the present paper we develop the analogous quantum MFG theory based on continuous quantum observations and filtering of counting type. However, proving existence and uniqueness of the solutions for resulting limiting forward-backward system based on jump-type processes on manifolds seems to be more complicated than for diffusions. In this paper we only prove that if a solution exists, then it gives an ϵ-Nash equilibrium for the corresponding N-player quantum game. The existence of solutions is suggested as an interesting open problem.

A novel design space concept for design of concrete foundation supporting chemical reactors

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Bedair
Keyword(s):  
Design Space ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Space Representation ◽  
Chemical Reactors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Numerical Finite Element ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Reactor Models

PurposeThis paper presents a novel concept for design of concrete support system for chemical reactors used in refineries and petrochemical plants. Graphical method is described that can be used to size the concrete base and piling system. Recommendations are also provided to optimize the parameters required for the design. The procedure is illustrated for design of two reactor models commonly used in gas recovery units.Design/methodology/approachDesign space representation for the foundation system is described for chemical reactors with variable heights. The key points of the design graph are extracted from the numerical finite element models. The reactor load is idealized at discrete points to transfer the loads to the piles. Bilateral spring system is used to model the soil restrains.FindingsThe graphical approach is economical and provides the design engineer the flexibility to select the foundation parameters from wide range of options.Practical implicationsThe concept presented in the paper can be utilized by engineers in the industry for design of chemical reactors. It must be noted that little guidelines are currently available in practice addressing the structural design aspects.Originality/valueA novel concept is presented in this paper based on significant industrial design experience of reactor supports. Using the described method leads to significant cost savings in material quantity and engineering time.

Dungeons & Dragons & Drama

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darby Huk
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Audience Participation ◽  
Fictional Character ◽  
Voice Change ◽  
Dramatic Theory ◽  
Role Playing Game ◽  
Game Performance

Players sit around a table. A group of adventurers pause in their pursuit of escape. Stunned, they stare at the die that just rolled poorly, resulting in the loss of a dear friend, his throat ripped out because they could not save him. The players mourn the death of a fictional character who only ever existed within the game. Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) is a popular role-playing game illustrating the interconnectedness of drama, performance, and games. My presentation will examine this relationship, identifying factors from gameplay that suggest how performance fosters success in D&D for both actual players and fictional characters. Research into dramatic theory and game theory reveals how interdisciplinary concepts such as the “magic circle”, the “lusory attitude”, and uncertainty can apply to elements of D&D (Salen and Zimmerman, Suits, Costikyan). Data collected from in-person observation of D&D sessions, coding participants’ behaviour, and watching for instances of performance (e.g. voice change, pronoun switches, or mimetic gesture), has been combined with theoretical research to determine elements that better facilitate success in the game/campaign. These elements range from emotional situations that provoke players, to forms of invitations encouraging participation (Isbister, White). I have discovered that while in theatre performance acts as a vehicle for story, in D&D the story acts as a vehicle for performance. The in-game performance often facilitates fun between players, as well as leading them to success in the game, so a campaign that maximizes theatricality will not only result in more fun, but also more success. Works Cited Costikyan, Greg. Uncertainty in Games. MIT Press, 2013. Isbister, Katherine. How Games Move Us: Emotion by Design. MIT Press, 2016. Salen, Katie, and Eric Zimmerman. Rules of Play: Game Design Fundamentals. The MIT Press, 2004. Suits, Bernard Herbert. The Grasshopper: Games, Life, and Utopia. Broadview Press, 2014. White, Gareth. Audience Participation in Theatre: Aesthetics of the Invitation. Springer, 2013.

3 D printing technology and experimental study of chitosan gel using atomized solidification liquid-assisted extrusion molding

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangwei Wang ◽  
Peilun Lv ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Liying Yu ◽  
Guodong Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Printing Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Printing Ink ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Chitosan Gel ◽  
Printing Method

Purpose This paper aims to propose a suitable atomizing solidification chitosan (CS) gel liquid extrusion molding technology for the three dimensional (3D) printing method, and experiments verify the feasibility of this method. Design/methodology/approach This paper mainly uses experimental means, combined with theoretical research. The preparation method, solidification forming method and 3D printing method of CS gel solution were studied. The CS gel printing mechanism and printing error sources are analyzed on the basis of the CS gel ink printing results, printing performance with different ratios of components by constructing a gel print prototype, experiments evaluating the CS gel printing technology and the effects of the process parameters on the scaffold formation. Findings CS printing ink was prepared; the optimal formula was found; the 3 D printing experiment of CS was completed; the optimal printing parameters were obtained; and the reliability of the forming prototype, printing ink and gel printing process was verified, which allowed for the possibility to apply the 3 D printing technology to the manufacturing of a CS gel structure. Originality/value This study can provide theoretical and technical support for the potential application of CS 3 D printed gels in tissue engineering.

Quantum Game of Dual-channel Supply Chain under Free-riding Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17
Author(s):  
Yu-Chung Chang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Quantum Entanglement ◽  
Free Riding ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Quantum Game ◽  
Optimal Price ◽  
Dual Channel ◽  
Dual Channel Supply Chain ◽  
Classical Game

Based on the perspective of the quantum game, this paper explores when the online direct sales channel takes the free-riding behavior after the retail channel provides high-quality experience and services and how the dual-channel supply chain establishes a commodity pricing strategy. The retailer’s selling price follows a decreasing function of the free-riding behavior coefficient. while the online direct selling price does an increasing function of the free-riding behavior coefficient. Under centralized decision-making, there is no quantum entanglement, so the quantum game solution is consistent with the classical game solution. Under decentralized decision-making, the optimal price and profit of the quantum game are higher than those of the classical game when the quantum entanglement degree is greater than zero. When the quantum entanglement tends to be infinite, the optimal price of the quantum game finally remains in convergence. The quantum game theory is a more optimal decision-making method than the classical game theory.

A (2 + 1)-dimensional extension of the Benjamin-Ono equation

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 2681-2687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Majid Wazwaz
Keyword(s):  
Soliton Solutions ◽  
Traveling Wave Solutions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Multiple Soliton Solutions ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Propagation Of Waves ◽  
Model Features ◽  
Multiple Complex Soliton Solutions ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is concerned with developing a (2 + 1)-dimensional Benjamin–Ono equation. The study shows that multiple soliton solutions exist and multiple complex soliton solutions exist for this equation. Design/methodology/approach The proposed model has been handled by using the Hirota’s method. Other techniques were used to obtain traveling wave solutions. Findings The examined extension of the Benjamin–Ono model features interesting results in propagation of waves and fluid flow. Research limitations/implications The paper presents a new efficient algorithm for constructing extended models which give a variety of multiple soliton solutions. Practical implications This work is entirely new and provides new findings, where although the new model gives multiple soliton solutions, it is nonintegrable. Originality/value The work develops two complete sets of multiple soliton solutions, the first set is real solitons, whereas the second set is complex solitons.

A study on next‐generation digital library using context‐awareness technology

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younghee Noh
Keyword(s):  
Digital Library ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Context Awareness ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Semantic Retrieval ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reference Services

PurposeThis study seeks to examine the concepts of context, context‐awareness, and context‐awareness technology needed for applying context‐awareness technology to the next‐generation of digital libraries, and proposed context‐aware services that can be applied to any situation by illustrating some library contexts.Design/methodology/approachThe paper investigated both theoretical research and case analysis studies before suggesting a service model for context‐awareness‐based libraries by examining the context, context‐awareness, and context‐awareness technology in depth.FindingsThis paper derived possible library services which could be provided if context‐awareness services are implemented by examining and analyzing case studies and systems constructed in other fields. A library‐applied context‐aware system could recognize users entering the library and provide optimal services tailored to each situation for both new and existing users. In addition, the context‐awareness‐based library could provide context‐awareness‐based reference services, context‐awareness‐based loan services, and cater to other user needs in the stacks, research space, and a variety of other information spaces. The context‐awareness‐based library could also recognize users in need of emergency assistance by detecting the user's behavior, movement path, and temperature, etc. Comfort or climate‐control services could provide the user with control of the temperature, humidity, illumination and other environmental elements to fit the circumstances of users, books, and instruments through context‐aware technology.Practical implicationsNext‐generation digital libraries apply new concepts such as semantic retrieval, real‐time web, cloud computing, mobile web, linked data, and context‐awareness. Context‐awareness‐based libraries can provide applied context‐awareness access service, reactive space according to the user's access, applied context‐awareness lobbies, applied context‐awareness reference services, and applied context‐awareness safety services, context‐awareness‐based comfort services and so on.Originality/valueReal instances of libraries applying context‐aware technology are few, according to the investigative results of this study. The study finds that the next‐generation digital library using context‐awareness technology can provide the best possible service for the convenience of its users.

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