Exploration on the Malaysian adolescents’ understanding towards concepts of physical activity, perceived facilitators and barriers in practising an active lifestyle

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (10) ◽  
pp. 3151-3164
Author(s):  
Sharifah Intan Zainun Sharif Ishak ◽  
Yit Siew Chin ◽  
Mohd Nasir Mohd Taib ◽  
Zalilah Mohd Shariff
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Security Issue ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers ◽  
Malaysian Adolescents

PurposeThis study aimed to explore the understanding of Malaysian adolescents towards concept of physical activity (PA) and their perceived facilitators and barriers in practising an active lifestyle.Design/methodology/approachUsing a quota sampling method, a total of 12 focus group discussions (FGDs) were performed at two secondary schools, which were randomly selected in Selangor. This study involved 72 adolescents (males = 51.4%, females = 48.6%) aged 13–14 years. Based on ethnicity, there was an equal number of Malay, Chinese and Indian participants (n = 24, 33.3%). For analysing the outcome from the FGDs, thematic analysis was applied.FindingsThe adolescents perceived exercise and PA as structured games. They perceived that exercise could have positive effects on the body, appearance and health, and PA as a daily routine. Common differences between exercise and PA were based on frequency, intensity, energy and venue. Perceived facilitators in practising an active lifestyle include concern about body or health, have companions, familial or peer influence, availability of facilities in the neighbourhood and have scheduled time for exercise. Time constraint, no motivation, physically unwell or tired, no companion, security issue at playground or exercise facilities or venue, and weather were mentioned as barriers in practising an active lifestyle.Originality/valueThis study contributed to an improved understanding of the adolescents’ concept of PA, as well as their perceived facilitators and barriers in practising an active lifestyle. The study suggested that health intervention should embrace a way of promoting the immediate advantages of practicing an active lifestyle in order to reinforce the importance of an active lifestyle among adolescents. Furthermore, future intervention should emphasise on educating the adolescents on ways to cope with environmental barriers when practicing an active lifestyle.

Exploring the effects of studentification on neighbourhoods in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluseyi Adebowale ◽  
Fredrick Simpeh
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Student Housing ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Analysis Technique

Purpose The increase in enrolment into higher education and the inadequate student housing in educational institutions has led to the growth of off-campus private student housing in Nigeria. Studentification as a research area has received attention in most countries in the global North, whereas there is dearth of studies on studentification in Nigeria. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the effects of studentification on the residents of selected Nigerian communities. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted an exploratory research strategy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather qualitative data from respondents, who were landlords and indigenous tenants of the host communities of two tertiary institutions. The data collected were analysed by means of the thematic analysis technique. Findings It became evident that studentification has some effects on the communities. Significant positive effects are business patronage and liveliness, while socio-economic-related factors, which include indecent clothing and theft, were noted as the most significant negative factors. Practical implications Implementing the outcomes of this study will contribute to promoting societal ethical values and economic prosperity of the communities. Originality/value The paper contributes to building the body of knowledge on the effect of studentification in the Nigerian context.

Role of a hospital accreditation program in developing a process management system

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-137
Author(s):  
Erfan Shakibaei
Keyword(s):  
Process Management ◽  
The Body ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Hospital Accreditation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Accreditation Program ◽  
Private Charity

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to clarify the effects of the Iranian Hospital Accreditation Program (IHAP) on hospital processes from the viewpoint of the staff charged with establishing the program.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study is based on the data collected in semi-structured interviews conducted in 2016, which involved eight questions. Interviews were held with 70 staff members at 14 hospitals. Managerial staff were purposively interviewed based on their familiarity and involvement with the program. The hospitals were divided into five groups, comprising public, private, charity, military and social service hospitals. A thematic analysis was carried out using the collected data.FindingsThree themes emerged from the data, which together comprise a process management cycle: the establishment, implementation, and control phases of the program. For each phase, various positive trends, as well as hurdles for establishing the program, declared which were framed two sub-themes as positive effects and challenges.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to the body of evidence used by policy-makers and hospital managers to improve the change management processes related to the Iranian IHAP. Although positive changes in the process management cycles at Iranian hospitals were noted, successful implementation of the program demands a thorough assessment of the hospitals’ technical and financial needs (taking into account disparities between hospitals), and there is an urgent requirement for a plan to meet these needs.

Exploring female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions with a heuristics and biases approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 623-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouria Nouri ◽  
Narges Imanipour ◽  
Abdollah Ahmadikafeshani
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
The Body ◽  
Incremental Innovation ◽  
Heuristics And Biases ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Managerial Implication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Marketing ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study furthers the body of knowledge on entrepreneurial decision-making, entrepreneurial marketing and female entrepreneurs by exploring practical implications of heuristics and biases in female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions. Heuristics and biases influence many entrepreneurial decisions. Moreover, some of the most important entrepreneurial decisions are marketing-related. Given that the entrepreneurial marketing behavior emanates from entrepreneurial thinking and decision-making, one may conclude that female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions are susceptible to heuristics and biases. This paper aims to explore the outcomes of heuristics and biases in entrepreneurial marketing decisions. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with 19 Iranian female biotech entrepreneurs and analyzed by thematic analysis. Findings The findings indicate that introducing pioneering products to the market, overestimating product’s market appeal, unprepared entry, underestimating the competition, overcoming entry impediments, entry postponement, growth, success in incremental innovation and failure in radical innovation are the main outcomes of the identified heuristics and biases in the female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions. Practical implications This paper has some precious practical implications for marketers as well as female entrepreneurs running small businesses. Generally speaking, reducing the negative impacts of the identified heuristics and biases of this study while enhancing their positive effects will increase the chances of female entrepreneurs to compete and succeed in tumultuous markets. Furthermore, our most important managerial implication is regarding overconfidence, which was very common in the female entrepreneurs’ marketing decisions by having various positive and negative outcomes. Thus, female entrepreneurs should be careful of this fateful bias in their decisions by knowing the most common signs of overconfidence. Originality/value This paper is unique because of not only identifying the main heuristics and biases but also their major outcomes in entrepreneurs’ major marketing decisions. Moreover, this paper is a pioneer in exploring heuristics and biases in female entrepreneurs’ decisions.

scholarly journals THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF ADULTS LIVING IN SOUTH-EASTERN POLAND

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Majewska ◽  
Gabriela Kołodziej-Lackorzyńska ◽  
Barbara Cyran-Grzebyk ◽  
Krzysztof Kołodziej ◽  
Robert Czaja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Reduced Risk

Regular physical activity is associated with enhanced health and reduced risk of all-cause mortality. Despite the positive effects of physical activity on health, life has become more sedentary and the decrease in PA has affected people of all ages. The aim of our study was to assess the level of physical activity and related sociodemographic factors of adults aged 18 to 45. Our results showed statistically significant relationships in the majority of the variables examined. Physical activity is undertaken by people of all ages, both residents of cities and rural areas. Among the surveyed inhabitants of the Podkarpackie Province, men much more often than women declare regular willingness to physical activity. The conducted own research shows that 40.90% of the studied group lead an active lifestyle, 31.06% not very active. An important issue is the use of stimulants during physical activity. The problem of using more serious stimulants, i.e. psychoactive substances in my own research, this hypothesis was not confirmed. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0774/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Active lifestyle enhances protein expression profile in subjects with Lewy body pathology

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Caroline Cristiano Real ◽  
Cláudia Kimie Suemoto ◽  
Karina Henrique Binda ◽  
Lea Tenenholz Grinberg ◽  
Carlos Augusto Pasqualucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Postmortem Brain ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Lewy Body Pathology ◽  
Postmortem Brain Tissue

ABSTRACT. Clinical trials of the effects of physical activity have reported improvements in symptoms and quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Additionally, morphological brain changes after exercising were reported in PD animal models. However, these lifestyle-related changes were not evaluated in postmortem brain tissue. Objective: We aimed to evaluate, by immunohistochemistry, astrocytes, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and structural proteins expression (neurofilaments and microtubules — MAP2) changes in postmortem brain samples of individuals with Lewy body pathology. Methods: Braak PD stage≥III samples, classified by neuropathology analysis, from The Biobank for Aging Studies were classified into active (n=12) and non-active (n=12) groups, according to physical activity lifestyle, and paired by age, sex and Braak staging. Substantia nigra and basal ganglia were evaluated. Results: Groups were not different in terms of age or gender and had similar PD neuropathological burden (p=1.00). We observed higher TH expression in the active group in the substantia nigra and the basal ganglia (p=0.04). Astrocytes was greater in the non-active subjects in the midbrain (p=0.03) and basal ganglia (p=0.0004). MAP2 levels were higher for non-active participants in the basal ganglia (p=0.003) and similar between groups in the substantia nigra (p=0.46). Neurofilament levels for non-active participants were higher in the substantia nigra (p=0.006) but not in the basal ganglia (p=0.24). Conclusion: Active lifestyle seems to promote positive effects on brain by maintaining dopamine synthesis and structural protein expression in the nigrostriatal system and decrease astrogliosis in subjects with the same PD neuropathology burden.

The modern employee: exercise and the brain

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Pamela Guggina
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinically Depressed ◽  
The Brain

Purpose An area of workplace well-being, and thus performance, which is now being recognized more widely is the mental health of employees. Research today demonstrates that exercise is good for the body and dramatically affects the brain. While it is widely accepted that regular exercise can promote weight loss, lower blood pressure and decrease the risks of diabetes, heart disease and certain cancers, it is also becoming clear that exercise can improve mood, coping skills and even treat clinical depression and anxiety. These findings further support the upward trend of companies offering a wider range of health benefits to their employees. Design/methodology/approach One example of the combined research, Rethorst et al., published a large meta-analysis exploring the interaction between physical activity and depression. They examined 58 randomized trails and found that participants in the studies who had been randomized to use exercise as a treatment for depression had significantly lower depression scores than participants who had been randomized to the non-exercise or “control” group. Both clinically depressed and non-clinically depressed individuals reported lower depression scores if they participated in the exercise group. Findings Exercise can be as effective as medication in treating depression. Regular exercise can decrease the symptoms of clinical anxiety. Employers who incentivize physical activity can dramatically lower healthcare costs. Benefits packages which promote physical activity can increase productivity and decrease absenteeism. Originality/value There will always be people with an illness which requires medication, but there appears to be a group that will benefit greatly from getting out and moving with regular exercise. The hope is that physicians with patients who have symptoms of depression and anxiety will encourage their patients to get some exercise to see if it helps. This can be something that is done alone or as an adjunct to talk therapy and/or pharmacologic treatment. Exercise is not likely to change the circumstances that make life challenging, but it can help all humans cope better with these challenges.

scholarly journals Correlates, facilitators and barriers of physical activity among primary care patients with prediabetes in Singapore – a mixed methods approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Boon Tar Lim ◽  
Wei Keong Wee ◽  
Wei Chek For ◽  
Jayalakshmy Aarthi Ananthanarayanan ◽  
Ying Hua Soh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Peer Influence ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Primary Care Patients ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers ◽  
Barriers To Physical Activity

Abstract Background Primary care patients with prediabetes is a priority group in the clinical, organisational and policy contexts. Engaging in regular physical activity is crucial to prevent diabetes for this group. The objectives of the study were to assess factors associated with meeting the recommendation of at least 150 min of moderate/vigorous physical activity weekly, and to explore facilitators and barriers related to the behaviour among primary care patients with prediabetes in Singapore. Methods This was a mixed methods study, consisting of a cross-sectional survey involving 433 participants from 8 polyclinics, and in-depth interviews with 48 of them. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were obtained by mixed effects Poisson regression model. The socio-ecological model (SEM) was applied, and thematic analysis performed. Results The prevalence of meeting the recommendation was 65.8%. This was positively associated with being male (aPR 1.21, 95%CI 1.09–1.34), living in 4–5 room public housing (aPR 1.19, 95%CI 1.07–1.31), living in executive flat/private housing (aPR 1.26, 95%CI 1.06–1.50), having family members/friends to exercise with (aPR 1.57, 95%CI 1.38–1.78); and negatively associated with a personal history of osteoarthritis (aPR 0.75, 95%CI 0.59–0.96), as well as time spent sitting or reclining daily (aPR 0.96, 95%CI 0.94–0.98). The recurrent themes for not meeting the recommendation included lacking companionship from family members/friends, medical conditions hindering physical activity (particularly osteoarthritis), lacking knowledge/skills to exercise properly, “no time” to exercise and barriers pertaining to exercise facilities in the neighbourhood. The recurrent themes for meeting the recommendation included family/peer influence, health/well-being concerns and education by healthcare professionals. Conclusions Much more remains to be done to promote physical activity among primary care patients with prediabetes in Singapore. Participants reported facilitators and barriers to physical activity at different levels of the SEM. Apart from the individual and interpersonal levels, practitioners and policy makers need to work together to address the organisational, community and policy barriers to physical activity.

Team reflections, team mental models and team performance over time

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 143-168
Author(s):  
Evi Kneisel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Team Mental Models ◽  
Team Outcomes ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Over Time

Purpose Although previous research proved positive impacts of team reflection on team outcomes, especially team performance and innovation, there are only a few insights in to which factors (mediators) account for these positive effects and over what period these effects unfold (temporal effects). To close this gap, this paper aims to investigate the direct effects of team reflection on team performance over time, as well as indirect effects because of the development of similar and accurate team mental models to explain this relationship. Design/methodology/approach Within a longitudinal experimental study on 22 student project teams working on a complex problem-solving task, the effects of repeated team reflection interventions on the development of team performance and team mental models over six measuring times were analysed. Findings Results show that team reflections caused significant increases in team performance and team mental models over time. Results also provide evidence that team mental models’ quality mediates the effects of team reflections on team performance. Research limitations/implications The results are interesting for both research fields, team reflection and team mental models, as the findings indicate the merits of recurrent reflection for improving team mental models’ quality. Practical implications For organisational practice, the question of how reflection processes can be deliberately triggered in teams and effectively integrated into the daily routine should be considered. Originality/value The findings accentuate the role of team reflections for improving team performance team mental models over time. By continuous reflecting teams increase awareness and insights into effective team processes and strategies (i.e. shared and accurate team mental models), which lead to better performance.

scholarly journals Physical activity, exercise and low-grade systemic inflammation

2010 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 400-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Wärnberg ◽  
Karen Cunningham ◽  
Javier Romeo ◽  
Ascension Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Physical Activity And Exercise ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Prospective studies have shown that chronic low-grade inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of the most common chronic diseases and in particular CVD. Obesity has repeatedly been associated with moderately raised levels of inflammation, and this observation has led to the view that obesity is characterised by a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. There is now great interest in elucidating how physical activity and exercise modulate inflammation. This review summarises the current research addressing the influence of physical activity and exercise in mitigating the risks of obesity and diseases such as type-II diabetes and CVD, through its action on the low-grade inflammatory state. Most research on this topic hypothesised that the association between physical activity and inflammatory markers is independent of fatness, but very few studies have proven this. Given that physical activity and obesity are often inversely related, it is not clear as to whether the anti-inflammatory health benefits of a physically active lifestyle are due to exercise per se or result from favourable changes in the body composition.

scholarly journals Trails and Physical Activity: A Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1160-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather A. Starnes ◽  
Philip J. Troped ◽  
David B. Klenosky ◽  
Angela M. Doehring
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Trail Use ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Research Priority ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

Purpose:To provide a synthesis of research on trails and physical activity from the public health, leisure sciences, urban planning, and transportation literatures.Methods:A search of databases was conducted to identify studies published between 1980 and 2008.Results:52 studies were identified. The majority were cross-sectional (92%) and published after 1999 (77%). The evidence for the effects of trails on physical activity was mixed among 3 intervention and 5 correlational studies. Correlates of trail use were examined in 13 studies. Several demographic (eg, race, education, income) and environmental factors (eg, land-use mix and distance to trail) were related to trail use. Evidence from 31 descriptive studies identified several facilitators and barriers to trail use. Economic studies (n = 5) examining trails in terms of health or recreational outcomes found trails are cost-effective and produce significant economic benefits.Conclusion:There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating important factors that should be considered in promoting trail use, yet the evidence for positive effects of trails on physical activity is limited. Further research is needed to evaluate the effects of trails on physical activity. In addition, trail studies that include children and youth, older adults, and racial and ethnic minorities are a research priority.

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