Psychosocial treatment for incarcerated methamphetamine users: the Philippines experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-358
Author(s):  
Ma. Regina M. Hechanova ◽  
Jennel C. Reyes ◽  
Avegale C. Acosta ◽  
Antover P. Tuliao
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Release Program ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate a psychosocial treatment program for prisoners incarcerated because of methamphetamine use. It compared the outcomes of prisoners who received the program while incarcerated, those who were released and received the treatment as part of community-based drug recovery program and a waitlist-control group (WC) with no treatment. Design/methodology/approach A quasi-experimental design was use with pre- and post-test surveys administered to three groups: a WC group, a pre-release treatment-while-incarcerated (TWI) group, and a post-release outpatient treatment group (OP). Surveys measured recovery skills, life skills and substance use disorder (SUD) symptoms were administered before and after the intervention. Findings Results revealed that at baseline OP and TWI had significant higher recovery skills compared to WC group. However, in terms of life skills, there was no significant difference observed among the WC, OP and TWI group at baseline. TWI had a significantly lower number of SUD symptoms compared to the WC group at baseline. As hypothesized, findings revealed significant changes in recovery and life skills among the OP and TWI group compared to the WC group. No significant change in SUD scores were observed for all groups. Research limitations/implications A major limitation of the study was the use of a quasi-experimental design because legal issues did not allow a randomized control trial. Future research using randomized controlled trial designs would provide more robust conclusions on the impact of the intervention. The study design was also limited to pre- and post-evaluation. Further studies are encouraged to look at longitudinal outcomes of appears on SUD symptoms and possibility of relapse. Practical implications Given that there were no significant differences in outcomes between OP and TWI groups, results suggest that the program may serve either as a pre- or post-release program for incarcerated drug users. However, results also suggest that completion is higher when the program is used as a pre-release program. Delivering the program prior to release also reduces challenges related to attrition including conflict in schedules and the lack of resources for transportation. Social implications The study suggests the value of psychosocial treatment as opposed to punitive approaches in dealing with drug use. In particular, delivering interventions prior to release can prepare participants for problems they may encounter during reintegration and prevent recidivism. In a country where drug-related killings are on the rise, the study presents an alternate and restorative justice approach. Originality/value The study addresses a dearth in the literature on psychosocial intervention for methamphetamine users. It also fills a vacuum in studies from developing countries such as the Philippines.

Assessing the effectiveness of vocational training programs in Pakistan: an experimental study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaira Chamadia ◽  
Muhammad Shujaat Mubarik
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Training ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe major objective of this study is to examine the efficacy of the technical and vocational training courses imparted to generate employment or enhance the productivity of participants.Design/methodology/approachThe study was conducted in the province of Sindh, Pakistan by adopting a quasi-experimental approach. The experiment was conducted on 105 individuals—with the age group of 20–25—distributed between the treatment group and the control group. The data collected through the experiment were analyzed by applying a paired-sample t-test, independent sample t-test and one-way between-group analysis of variance (ANOVA).FindingsThe findings of this study show statistically significant higher monthly earnings of Rs14, 223 after the training intervention program. Findings also exhibit a significant difference in monthly earnings between the control and the treatment groups.Practical implicationsThe findings of the study can provide useful input to policymakers while devising the policies regarding technical education and vocational training (TVET) and to the international donors in assessing the impact of the training initiatives.Originality/valueThis study presents experimental-driven evidence on the role of technical education and vocational training in improving the labor market outcomes.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF CONCEPT MAPPING AS A TEACHING STRATEGY ON THE STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT AND INTEREST IN ENGLISH

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-232
Author(s):  
Mr. Rommel P. Manzon
Keyword(s):  
Concept Mapping ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Mapping Strategy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of concept mapping as a teaching strategy on the students’ achievement and interest in English. It is a quasi-experimental design of non- equivalent pre-test post-test control group is used. Stratified random sampling technique is adapted in selecting the 250 students from the different schools in the Philippines. Two research instruments is developed by the researchers and used for data collection are: Students’ English Achievement Test (STAT) and Students’ Interest Inventory (SII). Mean and Standard Deviation are used to answer the three research questions, while three hypotheses are tested at 0.05 error margins using the t-test analysis. The result of the findings showed that there is significant difference in the mean achievement scores and interest rating of students are exposed to concept mapping strategy in English. There is a significant impact on the gender of the respondents on achievement of students that are exposed to concept mapping strategy. The researchers recommended among other things: the integration of concept mapping strategy in the curriculum, adequate training of English teachers on the use of concept mapping strategy. KEYWORDS: concept mapping; achievement; interest; gender; teaching strategy; and interest in English

The effect of body-movement teaching, learning motivation and performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Sugahara ◽  
Hisayo Sugao ◽  
Steven Dellaportas ◽  
Takahiro Masaoka
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose This research applies a quasi-experimental research method to investigate the impact of an innovative resource titled “Accounting Exercise” (teaching intervention using physical movement and lyrics) on learning motivation and performance on a group of students enrolled in a first-year undergraduate accounting course in Japan. Design/methodology/approach Five classes were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (two classes) or a control group (three classes). In the experimental group, 90 students participated in a 15-min “Accounting Exercise” at the commencement of lectures over three consecutive weeks. The remaining 133 students assigned to the control group did not participate in the Accounting Exercise. Findings The findings indicate that the Accounting Exercise provided stimuli in maintaining students’ learning motivation. This finding is important for entry-level students where learning motivation has the potential to influence students’ future decisions on major areas of study and career choices. Originality/value This finding is important for entry-level students where future career options are decided. This effect is also believed to contribute to reducing the declining numbers of students in accounting majors.

scholarly journals Improving entrepreneurial competencies in the classroom: an extension and in-study replication

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-96
Author(s):  
Caroline E.W. Glackin ◽  
Steven E. Phelan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Matched Pair ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Entrepreneurial Competencies ◽  
One Year ◽  
Self Replication

PurposeA recent paper by Morris et al. (2013b) presented evidence that students can develop entrepreneurial competencies through international fieldwork. This paper explores whether the same results can be developed in a traditional classroom setting.Design/methodology/approachThe study is a systematic replication of the Morris study with the addition of a matched pair, quasi-experimental design, with a self-replication. Data were collected on 13 self-reported competencies at the start of a semester from two groups using the Morris instrument. The treatment group was exposed to a curriculum designed to teach entrepreneurial competencies, and both groups were re-surveyed at the end of the semester. The process was then repeated with a different cohort, one year later, to replicate the initial study.FindingsFive competencies saw significant increases in the first treatment group. However, only three of these competencies increased more in the treatment group than the control group. In the replication study, only one competency was significantly higher in the treatment group, and that competency was not one of the original three.Practical implicationsEducators and policymakers should select a curriculum that is valid and reliable. Entrepreneurship educators and policymaker should devote more time to evaluating the effectiveness of different pedagogical techniques for improving entrepreneurial competencies.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first studies in entrepreneurship education to undertake a matched pair, quasi-experimental design with an in-study replication. The results indicate that serious inferential errors arise if simpler designs are used, even though such designs are the norm in entrepreneurship research.

Effectiveness of Video Lecture Material as Instructional Tool for a Statistics Class

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
CAMILA L. LIKIT ◽  
RENAN P. LIMJUCO
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Instructional Tool ◽  
Video Lecture ◽  
Lecture Material ◽  
Lecture Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group

The quest for better strategies in teaching is a never-ending process. This scenario is heightened more by the myriad online instructional materials fit for classroom use. The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of video lecture materials for statistics proficiency of first year students of Davao Doctors College.The researchers employed quasi-experimental design that involved purposively chosen 31 students for the control group and 26 students for the experimental group. The control group received traditional instruction while the experimental group utilized video lecture materials as the instructional tool. The questionnaire consisted 50 multiple choice items and established a reliability index of .82. This investigation used t-test analysis to establish the same level of statistics proficiency among the students before the conduct of the study. The study concluded that both learning strategies were effective in teaching students the basic concepts of statistics as indicated by the significant improvement of their pre-test to posttest scores. Although the posttest results of the students who were taught using video lecture materials were higher than those supervised using lecture method, the significance of this difference was never established. Thus, the use of video learning material as an instructional tool in statistics is equally effective with the traditional lecture method. Keywords - Mathematics education, video lecture material, effectiveness, statisticsproficiency, quasi-experimental design, significant difference, t-test, Philippines

The effects of scenario planning on participant reports of resilience

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Chermack ◽  
Laura M. Coons ◽  
Gregory O’barr ◽  
Shiva Khatami
Keyword(s):  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Random Selection ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Planning Treatment ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of scenario planning on participant ratings of resilience. Design/methodology/approach The research design is a quasi experimental pretest/posttest with treatment and control groups. Random selection or assignment was not achieved. Findings Results show a significant difference in reports of resilience for the scenario planning treatment group and no significant difference for the control group. Research limitations/implications Limitations include the use of self-report perception measures, possible social desirability of responses and a lack of random selection and assignment. Practical implications Practical implications imply that scenario planning can be viewed as a legitimate tool for increasing resilience in organizations. Social implications Organizations with an ability to adjust quickly and recover from difficult conditions means reduced layoffs and healthy economic growth. Originality/value While there is increasing research on scenario planning, to date, none has examined the effects of scenarios on resilience.

Social responsibility in tourism: system archetypes approach

Kybernetes ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 587-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Pejic Bach ◽  
Jovana Zoroja ◽  
Marjana Merkac-Skok
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
System Archetypes ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Tourism has become one of the world's major industries measured in terms of turnover, the number of employees and foreign currency earnings, having at the same time a huge impact on the environment. However, the future development of tourism depends on today's decisions that often do not take into account the positive and the negative impact on the tourism destinations' environment with long-term consequences that are not easily undone. System archetypes are generic structures that are responsible for generic patterns of behavior over time, especially behavior that is counterintuitive. The article aims to explore the possible use of system archetypes in order to increase socially responsible (SR), i.e. systemic thinking and behavior of tourism business organizations, based on the requisite holism theory. Design/methodology/approach – The experimental design methodology has been used in order to test the assumption that individuals familiar with the system archetypes will be more likely to believe that tourism business organizations that operate in tourism destinations should be involved in attaining SR goals. Participants included managers, public authorities and community representatives and were divided into an experiment and a control group. The experiment group was exposed to a workshop on system archetypes, while the control group had no treatment. Structured quantitative interviews were used in order to test differences in attitudes and beliefs on SR of tourism business organizations among the experiment and the control group members. Findings – Natural environment of tourism destinations as tourism's essential resource is often destroyed due to the lack of SR. The research results indicate that the exposure of individuals to system archetypes increased the understanding of importance of SR behavior of tourism business organizations. System archetypes increased individuals' comprehension of the fact that the non-linear causal relationship, time delay and hidden structures of the systems generate complex behavior resulting in damage to the natural environment of tourism destinations. Research limitations/implications – The survey research on a restricted number of subjects was applied. In order to overcome limitations of such an approach, the rigor procedure for data collection and analysis was used. Practical implications – Managers of tourism business organizations could use system archetypes to analyse the impact of their activities on tourism destinations environment and thus improve the social responsibility of their decisions. The authors propose the formation of system archetypes and their applications repository in an organized environment to enhance understanding of SR behavior of tourism business organizations. Originality/value – The authors used experimental design in order to test whether exposure of stakeholders' to system archetypes changes their attitudes regarding SR, with the goal to increase the understanding of various conflicts that emerge from the fact that tourism depends on unspoiled environment and at the same time tourism is a potential polluter. Available literature offers no similar applications of the system archetype approach to systemic behavior via SR in tourism.

scholarly journals The Impact of Education on Mother’s Knowledge for Stunting Prevention Through Moringa Oleifera in Kuan Noel Village, Fatumnasi District, South Central Timor Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
IRLIN FALDE RITI
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
South Central ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Educational Aspect

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p><strong>Background:</strong> One of nutritious problems susceptibly encountred in the world nowadays is kid’s stunting. Stunting is a failure of growth condition and cronical nutritious problems caused by poor nutritious supply because of improper meal provisions in long term growth consumptions. Stunting could be primarily prevented by increasing knowledge about stunting prevention through consuming moringa oleifera regularly. <strong>The aim:</strong> This study is intended to know the impact of education on mother’s knowledge for stunting prevention through regular moringa oleifera consumption. <strong>Research Method: </strong>This research applied a quasi experimental design by generating non equivalent control group which complied two groups; 30 subjects (mothers) were considered as treatment group; whereas, other 30 subjects (mothers) were taken as control group. Thus sampling technique applied was consecutive sampling. <strong>Results:</strong> The study showed that there was a significant impact on education score before and after intervention effects towards the treatment group (p=0,000); whereas there was no significant difference on the control group (p=0,184). The statistical analysis applied independent sample t-test which showed if educational aspect significantly impacted on the increase of mother’s knowledge (p=0,000). <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Educational aspect impacted on mother’s knowledge for stunting prevention through moringa oleifera.</p>

scholarly journals The impact of a peer-based education on fruits and vegetables intake among housewives

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Sheybani ◽  
Zahra Hosseini ◽  
Sayed Hossein Davoodi ◽  
Teamur Aghamolaei ◽  
Amin Ghanbarnejad
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Peer Education ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Evidence indicates the lower intake of fruits and vegetables than the recommended daily amount. Study aimed at determining the effects of peer education intervention on the consumption of fruits and vegetable in housewives. Methods A quasi-experimental was conducted with 130 housewives referring to health care centers in Bandar Abbas, Iran. Sixty-five subjects were recruited in each of the intervention and the control groups. Intervention group were divided into three subgroups each receiving a seven-sessions educational programs (lecturing and group discussion) through peers about the importance of benefits of fruits and vegetables consumption. Participants were followed for two months. Data were collected using a questionnaire in two stages of pre- and post-intervention. Differences in the outcome before and after the intervention were tested using T-test and paired T-test. Results The daily servings of fruits and vegetables in the intervention group increased from 1.73 to 4.20 and in the control group from 1.96 to 2.16; a statistically significant difference was also observed between the groups (P < 0.001). After the intervention benefits and self-efficacy of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly increased and perceived barriers of fruits and vegetables consumption significantly decreased in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Conclusion Peer education improves benefits and self-efficacy, reduces barriers, and increases the daily servings of fruits and vegetables in housewives.

Knowledge mobilisation in sub-Saharan Africa: an impact evaluation of CPDL in improving primary school children’s performance

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Mason ◽  
David Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Impact Evaluation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Knowledge Mobilisation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

PurposeA non-governmental organisation (NGO) with schools in Sierra Leone prioritises admission of the most disadvantaged children but nevertheless achieves high educational and social standards. These schools were asked to provide continuing professional development and learning (CPDL) for other schools. This paper aims to report the design, development and delivery of CPDL which aimed to mobilise effective practices more widely. It also reports the design and results of an impact evaluation.Design/methodology/approachIt was recognised that CPDL delivered by foreigners would be (1) unaffordable in this impoverished West African country and (2) culturally inappropriate. It was therefore delivered by local teachers from the NGO's own schools. Most had obtained no formal teaching qualification. They were trained to collect data using a quasi-experimental design for an impact evaluation of children's attendance and literacy. A total of five schools participated in the CPDL, with ten control schools.FindingsA largely unqualified team succeeded in mobilising knowledge in the experimental schools. Children's attendance in experimental schools improved over that in control schools. Performance in literacy also improved significantly and was maintained at follow-up.Research limitations/implicationsFindings of the impact evaluation are seen as indicative rather than causal because a quasi-experimental study was conducted rather than a randomised controlled trial.Originality/valueThis lies in (1) teachers in schools with a severely disadvantaged intake providing a structured programme of CPDL for teachers in other schools; (2) school improvement through knowledge mobilisation in CPDL; (3) an impact evaluation with a quasi-experimental design showing improvement in children's performance.

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