Low friction bio-inspired polydopamine/polytetrafluoroethylene coating performance in hydrodynamic bearings

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Rutkevičius ◽  
Jimmy Dong ◽  
Darren Tremelling ◽  
Julia Viertel ◽  
Samuel Beckford
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Journal Bearing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Polymer Coatings ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Coating Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Coating Delamination

Purpose Low friction polymer coatings able to withstand high loadings and many years of continuous operation are difficult to formulate at low cost, but could find many applications in industry. This study aims to analyze and compare friction and wear performance of novel polydopamine/polytetrafluoroethylene (PDA/PTFE) and traditional tin Babbitt coatings applied to an industrial journal bearing. Design/methodology/approach This paper tested PTFE based coating, co-deposited with PDA, a biopolymer allowing sea mussels to adhere to ocean rocks. This coating was deposited on flat steel substrates and on a curved cast iron hydrodynamic journal bearing surface. The flat substrates were analyzed with a tribometer and an optical microscope, while the coated bearing liners were tested in an industrial laboratory setting at different speeds and different radial loads. Findings PDA/PTFE coating showed 2-3 times lower friction compared to traditional tin Babbitt for flat substrates, but higher friction in the bearing liners. PDA/PTFE also showed considerable wear through coating delamination and abrasion in the bearing liners. Research limitations/implications Five future modifications to mitigate coating flaws are provided, which include modifications to coating thickness and its surface finish. Originality/value While the novel coating showed excellent results on flat substrates, coating performance in a large scale bearing was found to be poor. This study shows that coating preparation needs to be improved to avoid frictional losses and unwanted damage to bearings. We provide several routes that could improve coating performance in industrial applications.

A review of passive self-sensing tag

Sensor Review ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yawei Xu ◽  
Lihong Dong ◽  
Haidou Wang ◽  
Jiannong Jing ◽  
Yongxiang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Integrated Sensor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Passive Sensing ◽  
Static Information ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Identification Tags

Purpose Radio frequency identification tags for passive sensing have attracted wide attention in the area of Internet of Things (IoT). Among them, some tags can sense the property change of objects without an integrated sensor, which is a new trend of passive sensing based on tag. The purpose of this paper is to review recent research on passive self-sensing tags (PSSTs). Design/methodology/approach The PSSTs reported in the past decade are classified in terms of sensing mode, composition and the ways of power supply. This paper presents operation principles of PSSTs and analyzes the characteristics of them. Moreover, the paper focuses on summarizing the latest sensing parameters of PSSTs and their matching equipment. Finally, some potential applications and challenges faced by this emerging technique are discussed. Findings PSST is suitable for long-term and large-scale monitoring compared to conventional sensors because it gets rid of the limitation of battery and has relatively low cost. Also, the static information of objects stored in different PSSTs can be identified by a single reader without touch. Originality/value This paper provides a detailed and timely review of the rapidly growing research in PSST.

scholarly journals Applications of Bacillus subtilis Spores in Biotechnology and Advanced Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaopei Zhang ◽  
Amal Al-Dossary ◽  
Myer Hussain ◽  
Peter Setlow ◽  
Jiahe Li
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Material Sciences ◽  
Basic Studies

ABSTRACT The bacterium Bacillus subtilis has long been an important subject for basic studies. However, this organism has also had industrial applications due to its easy genetic manipulation, favorable culturing characteristics for large‐scale fermentation, superior capacity for protein secretion, and generally recognized as safe (GRAS) status. In addition, as the metabolically dormant form of B. subtilis, its spores have attracted great interest due to their extreme resistance to many environmental stresses, which makes spores a novel platform for a variety of applications. In this review, we summarize both conventional and emerging applications of B. subtilis spores, with a focus on how their unique characteristics have led to innovative applications in many areas of technology, including generation of stable and recyclable enzymes, synthetic biology, drug delivery, and material sciences. Ultimately, this review hopes to inspire the scientific community to leverage interdisciplinary approaches using spores to address global concerns about food shortages, environmental protection, and health care.

scholarly journals Exploiting the Diversity of Saccharomycotina Yeasts To Engineer Biotin-Independent Growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K. Wronska ◽  
Meinske P. Haak ◽  
Ellen Geraats ◽  
Eva Bruins Slot ◽  
Marcel van den Broek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Biotin, an important cofactor for carboxylases, is essential for all kingdoms of life. Since native biotin synthesis does not always suffice for fast growth and product formation, microbial cultivation in research and industry often requires supplementation of biotin. De novo biotin biosynthesis in yeasts is not fully understood, which hinders attempts to optimize the pathway in these industrially relevant microorganisms. Previous work based on laboratory evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for biotin prototrophy identified Bio1, whose catalytic function remains unresolved, as a bottleneck in biotin synthesis. This study aimed at eliminating this bottleneck in the S. cerevisiae laboratory strain CEN.PK113-7D. A screening of 35 Saccharomycotina yeasts identified six species that grew fast without biotin supplementation. Overexpression of the S. cerevisiae BIO1 (ScBIO1) ortholog isolated from one of these biotin prototrophs, Cyberlindnera fabianii, enabled fast growth of strain CEN.PK113-7D in biotin-free medium. Similar results were obtained by single overexpression of C. fabianii BIO1 (CfBIO1) in other laboratory and industrial S. cerevisiae strains. However, biotin prototrophy was restricted to aerobic conditions, probably reflecting the involvement of oxygen in the reaction catalyzed by the putative oxidoreductase CfBio1. In aerobic cultures on biotin-free medium, S. cerevisiae strains expressing CfBio1 showed a decreased susceptibility to contamination by biotin-auxotrophic S. cerevisiae. This study illustrates how the vast Saccharomycotina genomic resources may be used to improve physiological characteristics of industrially relevant S. cerevisiae. IMPORTANCE The reported metabolic engineering strategy to enable optimal growth in the absence of biotin is of direct relevance for large-scale industrial applications of S. cerevisiae. Important benefits of biotin prototrophy include cost reduction during the preparation of chemically defined industrial growth media as well as a lower susceptibility of biotin-prototrophic strains to contamination by auxotrophic microorganisms. The observed oxygen dependency of biotin synthesis by the engineered strains is relevant for further studies on the elucidation of fungal biotin biosynthesis pathways.

scholarly journals Non-Precious Electrodes for Practical Alkaline Water Electrolysis

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro N. Colli ◽  
Hubert H. Girault ◽  
Alberto Battistel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Alkaline Water Electrolysis ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
Cell Components

Water electrolysis is a promising approach to hydrogen production from renewable energy sources. Alkaline water electrolyzers allow using non-noble and low-cost materials. An analysis of common assumptions and experimental conditions (low concentrations, low temperature, low current densities, and short-term experiments) found in the literature is reported. The steps to estimate the reaction overpotentials for hydrogen and oxygen reactions are reported and discussed. The results of some of the most investigated electrocatalysts, namely from the iron group elements (iron, nickel, and cobalt) and chromium are reported. Past findings and recent progress in the development of efficient anode and cathode materials appropriate for large-scale water electrolysis are presented. The experimental work is done involving the direct-current electrolysis of highly concentrated potassium hydroxide solutions at temperatures between 30 and 100 °C, which are closer to industrial applications than what is usually found in literature. Stable cell components and a good performance was achieved using Raney nickel as a cathode and stainless steel 316L as an anode by means of a monopolar cell at 75 °C, which ran for one month at 300 mA cm−2. Finally, the proposed catalysts showed a total kinetic overpotential of about 550 mV at 75 °C and 1 A cm−2.

A Low Cost ZSM-5 Zeolite Obtained from Rice Hull Ash

2005 ◽  
Vol 498-499 ◽  
pp. 676-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Fernandes ◽  
E.U.C. Frajndlich ◽  
Humberto Gracher Riella
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Rice Hull ◽  
Rice Hull Ash ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Zeolite Formation

The high pure synthetic zeolite have a large application in industry and agriculture, being nowadays in majority imported in Brazil. The biomass like rice hull ash (RHA), a rice industry waste, can be real advantageous in manufacture of different materials, since that is produced in large scale in the country. The silica extraction from RHA by alkaline leaching is a low energetic coast process and high efficiency, obtaining high pure silica with high reactive amorphous structure, very interesting for zeolite production. In this work was developed a economically feasible route for the production of high purity and crystallinity ZSM-5 zeolite, free of expensive template, starting from a low value intake, a industrial waste, producing a high value materials. The extracted silica from RHA in sodium silicate form is precipitated in the proper zeolite formation reactional mixture. The ZSM-5 have a lot of industrial applications due your high selectivity in catalytic reactions and high thermal and acid stability.

scholarly journals Complementation of Cobalamin Auxotrophy in Synechococcus sp. Strain PCC 7002 and Validation of a Putative Cobalamin RiboswitchIn Vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 198 (19) ◽  
pp. 2743-2752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam A. Pérez ◽  
Zhenfeng Liu ◽  
Dmitry A. Rodionov ◽  
Zhongkui Li ◽  
Donald A. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Methionine Synthase ◽  
Methionine Biosynthesis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Methyl Donor ◽  
Synechococcus Sp

ABSTRACTThe euryhaline cyanobacteriumSynechococcussp. strain PCC 7002 has an obligate requirement for exogenous vitamin B12(cobalamin), but little is known about the roles of this compound in cyanobacteria. Bioinformatic analyses suggest that only the terminal enzyme in methionine biosynthesis, methionine synthase, requires cobalamin as a coenzyme inSynechococcussp. strain PCC 7002. Methionine synthase (MetH) catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group fromN5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate tol-homocysteine duringl-methionine synthesis and uses methylcobalamin as an intermediate methyl donor. Numerous bacteria and plants alternatively employ a cobalamin-independent methionine synthase isozyme, MetE, that catalyzes the same methyl transfer reaction as MetH but usesN5-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate directly as the methyl donor. The cobalamin auxotrophy ofSynechococcussp. strain PCC 7002 was complemented by using themetEgene from the closely related cyanobacteriumSynechococcussp. strain PCC 73109, which possesses genes for both methionine synthases. This result suggests that methionine biosynthesis is probably the sole use of cobalamin inSynechococcussp. strain PCC 7002. Furthermore, a cobalamin-repressible gene expression system was developed inSynechococcussp. strain PCC 7002 that was used to validate the presence of a cobalamin riboswitch in the promoter region ofmetEfromSynechococcussp. strain PCC 73109. This riboswitch acts as a cobalamin-dependent transcriptional attenuator formetEin that organism.IMPORTANCESynechococcussp. strain PCC 7002 is a cobalamin auxotroph because, like eukaryotic marine algae, it uses a cobalamin-dependent methionine synthase (MetH) for the final step ofl-methionine biosynthesis but cannot synthesize cobalaminde novo. Heterologous expression ofmetE, encoding cobalamin-independent methionine synthase, fromSynechococcussp. strain PCC 73109, relieved this auxotrophy and enabled the construction of a truly autotrophicSynechococcussp. strain PCC 7002 more suitable for large-scale industrial applications. Characterization of a cobalamin riboswitch expands the genetic toolbox forSynechococcussp. strain PCC 7002 by providing a cobalamin-repressible expression system.

scholarly journals A FLUID FLOW ANALYSIS OF A JET EJECTOR SYSTEM USED IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
IONEL OLARU
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Ejector System ◽  
Fluid Flow Analysis ◽  
Conventional Systems

Many studies have been conducted for jet ejectors used in the recovery of solar energy or for their use in refrigeration systems for various industrial applications. Generally, these types of ejectors are using water as the working fluid because water have a low cost, a chemical stability and is safe to use. Naturally, other refrigerants, with large-scale application for industry, can be used. In such a type of jet ejector, besides selection of the refrigerant, the design of ejector is very important, with strongly influence to the performance, because the compression ratio depends on the geometry of the nozzle and on the geometry of the diffuser. Compared to other refrigeration systems, those with ejector have some advantages: simplicity in construction, high liability and low cost. However, it has a coefficient of performance lower than conventional systems, this limited the widespread application of ejector refrigeration systems.

Angolan construction rebound could prove elusive

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Considerable Uncertainty ◽  
Credit Lines ◽  
Private Sector Investment ◽  
Water Port ◽  
Oil Sector

Subject Angola construction sector downturn. Significance Between 2004 and 2014, an economic boom attracted large-scale, state-subsidised investments in housing and infrastructure. Since the oil price downturn, Angola has suffered a construction slowdown as the state finds itself unable to pay service providers and import materials. Projects that have survived are those with attached political interests or money already guaranteed by existing oil credit lines, creating considerable uncertainty over future investment potential. Impacts Large-scale projects, such as the new Cabinda deep-water port, risk being undermined by political influence. Private-sector investment in low-cost housing, water and electricity initiatives could increase. Public-private partnerships in the non-oil sector are likely to grow.

scholarly journals Undervoltage Identification in Three Phase Induction Motor Using Low-Cost Piezoelectric Sensors and STFT Technique

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Leonardo Carvalho ◽  
Guilherme Lucas ◽  
Marco Rocha ◽  
Claudio Fraga ◽  
Andre Andreoli
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Induction Motor ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensors ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Ae Signals

Three-phase induction motors (IMs) are electrical machines used on a large scale in industrial applications because they are versatile, robust and low maintenance devices. However, IMs are significantly affected when fed by unbalanced voltages. Prolonged operation under voltage unbalance (VU) conditions degrades performance and shortens machine life by producing imbalances in stator currents that abnormally raise winding temperature. With the development of new technologies and research on non-destructive techniques (NDT) for fault diagnoses in IMs, it is relevant to obtain economically accessible, efficient and reliable sensors capable of acquiring signals that allow the identification of this type of failure. The objective of this study is to evaluate the application of low-cost piezoelectric sensors in the acquisition of acoustic emission (AE) signals and the identification of VU through the analysis of short-term Fourier transform (STFT) spectrograms. The piezoelectric sensor makes NDT feasible, as it is an affordable and inexpensive component. In addition, STFT allows time-frequency analyses of acoustic emission signals. In this NDT, two sensors were coupled on both sides of an induction motor frame. The AE signals obtained during the IM operation were processed and the resulting spectrograms were analyzed to identify the different VU levels. After comparing the AE signals for faulty conditions with the signals for the IM operating at balanced voltages, it was possible to obtain a desired identification that confirmed the successful application of low-cost piezoelectric sensors for VU condition detection in three-phase induction machines.

scholarly journals Efficient Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Inulin to 2,3-Butanediol by Thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis ATCC 14580

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (20) ◽  
pp. 6458-6464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lixiang Li ◽  
Chao Chen ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Chao Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Temperature Stability ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification

ABSTRACT2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BD) is an important starting material for the manufacture of bulk chemicals. For efficient and large-scale production of 2,3-BD through fermentation, low-cost substrates are required. One such substrate, inulin, is a polydisperse fructan found in a wide variety of plants. In this study, a levanase with high inulinase activity and high pH and temperature stability was identified inBacillus licheniformisstrain ATCC 14580.B. licheniformisstrain ATCC 14580 was found to efficiently produce 2,3-BD from fructose at 50°C. Then, the levanase was used for simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of inulin to 2,3-BD. A fed-batch SSF yielded 103.0 g/liter 2,3-BD in 30 h, with a high productivity of 3.4 g/liter · h. The results suggest that the SSF process developed with the thermophilicB. licheniformisstrain used might be a promising alternative for efficient 2,3-BD production from the favorable substrate inulin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document