scholarly journals Brand as a cognitive mediator: investigating the effect of media brands as a structural feature of textual news messages

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Salla-Maaria Laaksonen ◽  
Alessio Falco ◽  
Mikko Salminen ◽  
Pekka Aula ◽  
Niklas Ravaja
Keyword(s):  
Structural Feature ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Information Encoding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
Brand Attributes ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
Attentional Responses

PurposeThis study investigates how media brand knowledge, defined as a structural feature of the message, influences emotional and attentional responses to, and memory of, news messages.Design/methodology/approachSelf-reports, facial electromyography (EMG) and electroencephalography were used as indices of emotional valence, arousal and attention in response to 42 news messages, which varied along the valence and involvement dimensions and were framed with different media brands varying along the familiarity and credibility dimensions.FindingsCompared to the no-brand condition, news framed with brands elicited more attention. The memory tests indicated that strong media brands override the effect of involvement in information encoding, whereas details of news presented with Facebook were not well encoded. However, the headlines of news framed with Facebook were well retrieved. In addition, negative and high-involvement news elicited higher arousal ratings and corrugator EMG activity. News framed with familiar and high-credibility brands elicited higher arousal ratings.Research limitations/implicationsRelevant for both brand managers and audiences, the findings show that building credibility and familiarity both work as brand attributes to differentiate media brands and influence information processing.Originality/valueThe results highlight the importance of media brands in news reading: as a structural feature, the brand is used as a proxy to process the message content. The study contributes by investigating how the type of source influences the reception and encoding of the mediated information; by investigating the emotional effects of brands; and by confirming previous findings in media psychology literature.

You can laugh at everything, but not with everyone

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany Morisseau ◽  
Martial Mermillod ◽  
Cécile Eymond ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Van Der Henst ◽  
Ira A. Noveck
Keyword(s):  
Emg Activity ◽  
Group Affiliation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Facial Electromyography ◽  
On Line ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Outgroup Derogation ◽  
Politically Active ◽  
Ingroup Favoritism

This paper explores the impact of group affiliation with respect to the on-line processing and appreciation of jokes, using facial electromyography (EMG) activity and offline evaluations as dependent measures. Two experiments were conducted in which group affiliation varied between the participant and each of two independent (recorded confederate) speakers whose described political profiles were distinguished through one word: “Right” versus “Left.” Experiment 1 showed that jokes were more highly evaluated and that associated EMG activity was more intense when it was later determined that the speaker was a member of the listener’s ingroup rather than outgroup. In an effort to determine whether these parochial effects can be isolated to ingroup favoritism as opposed to outgroup derogation, Experiment 2 paired a joke-teller described as politically active (either from the right or the left) with one who was described as politically neutral. These more subtle comparisons suggest that the parochial effects observed in our joke understanding paradigm are mediated, at least in part, by the presence of an outgroup member.

scholarly journals Brand bravery: conceptualization, scale development and validation

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kokil Jain ◽  
Isha Jajodia ◽  
Piyush Sharma ◽  
Gurinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Measurement Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brand Advocacy ◽  
Brand Attributes ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
Validity Tests ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
Nomological Validity

Purpose Brands today operate in a dynamic business environment, which often requires them to take courageous actions, from taking a stand on controversial issues to responding to changing market needs. However, these actions are not merely strategic but also represent a unique aspect of the brands’ identity, which includes holding up to their core values and being resilient to social pressure. To better understand this positive virtue, the current study introduces the concept of brand bravery – a novel brand archetype that emulates the brand’s distinct identity. This study aims to conceptualize brand bravery and develop a psychometrically sound scale to measure it and investigate its relationship with positive brand relationship outcomes. Design/methodology/approach Two qualitative studies were conducted to identify the dimensions of perceived brand bravery. Three empirical studies develop and validate the proposed measurement scale and confirm the construct’s nomological validity by proposing a framework that explains the outcomes of perceived brand bravery. Findings Results from multiple studies support a seven-factor second-order reflective scale of perceived brand bravery, with dimensions altruism, bold, courageous, determined, enduring, fearless and gritty. The construct of brand bravery is found discriminant from other conceptually distinct but related brand attributes. Nomological validity tests further suggest that perceived brand bravery leads to positive consumer-related outcomes such as brand advocacy behaviors, positive attitude and consumer brand identification. Practical implications Brand bravery provides a vital roadmap to marketers who have sought to create a leading brand that can stay relevant in times of disruption. The multi-factor scale can help managers track, which dimension of the brand bravery scale is more relevant for shaping overall bravery perception. Originality/value The study introduces a novel brand attribute that has not been previously discussed beyond social and moral psychology literature. It conceptualizes brand bravery that will strengthen the understanding of this specific brand characteristic and provides a practical scale to measure brand bravery.

Computational modeling of Weibo user influence based on information interactive network

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 867-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingguo Yu ◽  
Nan Chen ◽  
Xu Ran
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sina Weibo ◽  
Content Type ◽  
User Influence

Purpose With the development and application of mobile internet access, social media represented by Weibo, WeChat, etc. has become the main channel for information release and sharing. High-impact users in social networks are key factors stimulating the large-scale propagation of information within social networks. User influence is usually related to the user’s attention rate, activity level, and message content. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors focused on Sina Weibo users, centered on users’ behavior and interactive information, and formulated a weighted interactive information network model, then present a novel computational model for Weibo user influence, which combined multiple indexes such as the user’s attention rate, activity level, and message content influence, etc., the model incorporated the time dimension, through the calculation of users’ attribute influence and interactive influence, to comprehensively measure the user influence of Sina Weibo users. Findings Compared with other models, the model reflected the dynamics and timeliness of the user influence in a more accurate way. Extensive experiments are conducted on the real-world data set, and the results validate the performance of the approach, and demonstrate the effectiveness of the dynamics and timeliness. Due to the similarity in platform architecture and user behavior between Sina Weibo and Twitter, the calculation model is also applicable to Twitter. Originality/value This paper presents a novel computational model for Weibo user influence, which combined multiple indexes such as the user’s attention rate, activity level, and message content influence, etc.

Determinants of negative customer engagement behaviours

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diem Khac Xuan Do ◽  
Kaleel Rahman ◽  
Linda J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Positive Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Expectancy Disconfirmation ◽  
Brand Perception ◽  
Psychology Literature

Purpose Understanding negative customer engagement is important as it is argued that negative information has a stronger impact on a customer’s brand perception and purchase decision than that of positive information. Hence, this paper aims to propose new determinants of negatively valenced customer engagement, including disengaged and negatively engaged behaviours in a service consumption context and explore under what conditions customers display disengaged or negatively engaged behaviours. Design/methodology/approach This study incorporates justice theory, expectancy disconfirmation theory and psychology literature to propose determinants of negative customer engagement behaviours. Findings A conceptual framework is developed that proposes customer perceived justice and negative disconfirmation as determinants of negative customer engagement via the mediator of customer outrage. Moderating variables, include self-esteem, self-efficacy, altruism and vengeance; are also proposed to affect disengaged/negatively engaged behaviours. Originality/value This study is the first to specify the underlying reasons of negative customer engagement by establishing the conceptual linkages between negative disconfirmation, justice and negative customer engagement via the mediating role of customer outrage. Further, customer resources are used to understand disengaged/negatively engaged behaviours. In doing so, this study views negative customer engagement from the perspective of a customer’s internal response to the trigger experience, rather than the experience itself. Thus, this study contributes to literature on customer engagement by developing a conceptual framework that illustrates the underlying cognitive and affective responses that drive negative customer engagement behaviours.

Does message content matter in negative publicity? A study with young athletes emulating pros

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-347
Author(s):  
Yalim Özdinç ◽  
Özlem Özdinç
Keyword(s):  
Role Models ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Young Athletes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moral Conduct ◽  
Attachment Strength ◽  
Negative Publicity ◽  
The Common ◽  
Negative Messages ◽  
Game Performance

Purpose – This study aims to examine changes in the strength of attachment to role models (strong, weak) and in the levels of commitment to the brands endorsed by role models (high, moderate, low) by exposing young athletes emulating sport stars to celebrity-engendered negative messages (CeNM). Design/methodology/approach – Two studies were conducted with footballers ranging in age from 13 to 18 years. Study 1 explored emulated football stars, attachment strength and commitment levels (n = 1,425). Study 2 exposed purposively selected 853 young footballers to four types of CeNM by content (social attribute, moral conduct, game performance, physical condition). A combination of non-/parametric t-tests was run for the paired comparisons of before–after exposure to CeNM. Findings – All CeNM contents weakened the ties to emulated football stars across the entire sample. Similarly, commitment to endorsed brands was diminished in all three categories after exposure to CeNM. When further examined, it appeared that the message about sport stars’ bad health did not affect the highly and moderately committed subjects. Overall, not just CeNM comprising personality-related topics (e.g. illicit affair, unfair play) but also those covering uncontrollable (e.g. injuries) and transient issues (e.g. penalty-kick misses) damaged young people’s attachment to their celebrity role models and tarnished, to a great extent, their evaluations of the brands the role models endorse. Originality/value – Besides echoing the common tendency that attachment to celebrity role models is strong among the youth, findings also indicate that young people, unlike adults, react naively to CeNM.

Hotel social media marketing: a study on message strategy and its effectiveness

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Y. Leung ◽  
Billy Bai ◽  
Mehmet Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Message Strategy ◽  
Message Format ◽  
Facebook Pages ◽  
Message Strategies

Purpose The purpose of this study is to develop a typology of social media messages to compare the effectiveness of different message strategies. Design/methodology/approach In total, 1,837 messages from 12 hotel brand Facebook pages were content-analyzed. Applying both correspondence analysis and multivariate analysis of variance, the study compared message strategy across hotel-scale levels and explored the effectiveness of different message strategies. Findings A typology of four-type message format and six-type message content was developed. The picture message was the best message format. Product, brand and involvement messages were shown to be more effective than information, reward and promotion messages. Promotion message was the least effective message content type. Research limitations/implications The major limitation of this study is the generalizability owing to the sample selection process. There is also the limitation on exclusion of control variables, selection of the three effectiveness measures and evolving social media technology. Practical implications The typology of Facebook message strategy developed in the study provided guidelines for hotel marketers to create messages on Facebook pages and track effectiveness. Hotels should also take full advantage of the picture format and product, brand and involvement contents. Originality/value This study created a new typology of social media message strategy consisting of two dimensions. It also provided empirical evidence to support the application of message strategy theory in the hotel social media marketing area.

Beyond feedback: understanding how feedforward can support employee development

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Hélène Budworth ◽  
Jennifer A. Harrison ◽  
Sheryl Chummar
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Relational Resources ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
Environmental Limits ◽  
Direct Guidance ◽  
Effective Use

Purpose Recent research has found that a technique called feedforward interviewing (FFI) can be used to develop employees on the job. Currently the mechanisms and boundary conditions of the FFI-performance relationship are unexplored. Using a positive psychology framework, the purpose of this paper is to discuss how FFI supports the creation of personal and relational resources, and explores the contextual and environmental limits to the effectiveness of the technique. Design/methodology/approach Through a review of the literature as well as examination through appropriate theoretical lenses, moderators of FFI are proposed and the implications for the effectiveness of the technique are examined. Findings The FFI model explored in this paper is rooted in broaden and build theory as well as other theories from the positive psychology literature. Design recommendations and future research directions are discussed. Originality/value Through a scholarly review of the literature, the potential for the effective use of a new developmental technique is explored. Direct guidance on how to apply FFI in organizations is given.

What to say on social media and how

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 691-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jintao Wu ◽  
Junsong Chen ◽  
Honghui Chen ◽  
Wenyu Dou ◽  
Dan Shao
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Communication Style ◽  
Customer Engagement ◽  
Communication Styles ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moderating Factors ◽  
Building Community

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how nonprofit service providers can better engage their customers through online communication. It identifies two communication styles and three communication functions, and examines their impact on customer commenting, customer liking and customer sharing. Design/methodology/approach Similar to Python for Facebook, a software package for the automatic retrieval of web page content was developed specifically for this study to extract data from the microblog Sina Weibo. Following the successful retrieval of 1,500 randomly selected messages from 34 universities in China, a two-level regression was performed using Mplus 7 to examine the association between the proposed relationships. Findings The findings reveal that messages with a friendly communication style increase both the number of comments and their positive tone; an authoritative style has no effect on customer engagement. The functions associated with message content (spreading information, building community or promoting action) influence customer liking and sharing. Building community tends to engage more customers than spreading information; promoting action often generates the least customer engagement in social media settings. Originality/value The study fills an important research gap in the service marketing literature as it pertains to nonprofit service organizations (i.e. universities) by identifying two types of online identities based on the communication style and the messages posted on social media. This study is the first to investigate the relationship between identity type and audience engagement, and to analyze the moderating factors of this relationship.

Habitual Emotion Regulation and the Facial Grimace

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith W. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Reappraisal ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Major Activity ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Zygomaticus Major

Images of pleasant scenes usually produce increased activity over the zygomaticus major muscle, as measured by electromyography (EMG), while less activity is elicited by unpleasant images. However, increases in zygomaticus major EMG activity while viewing unpleasant images have occasionally been reported in the literature on affective facial expression (i.e., “grimacing”). To examine the possibility that individual differences in emotion regulation might be responsible for this inconsistently observed phenomenon, the habitual emotion regulation tendencies of 63 participants (32 women) were assessed and categorized according to their regulatory tendencies. Participants viewed emotionally salient images while zygomaticus major EMG activity was recorded. Participants also provided self-report ratings of their experienced emotional valence and arousal while viewing the pictures. Despite demonstrating intact affective ratings, the “grimacing” pattern of zygomaticus major activity was observed in those who were less likely to use the cognitive reappraisal strategy to regulate their emotions.

scholarly journals In for a penny, in for a pound? Exploring mutual endorsement effects between celebrity CEOs and corporate brands

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Scheidt ◽  
Carsten Gelhard ◽  
Juliane Strotzer ◽  
Jörg Henseler
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Corporate Brand ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brand Attributes ◽  
Meaning Transfer ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Corporate Brands

Purpose While the branding of individuals has attracted increasing attention from practitioners in recent decades, understanding of personal branding still remains limited, especially with regard to the branding of celebrity CEOs. To contribute to this debate, this paper aims to explore the co-branding of celebrity CEOs and corporate brands, integrating endorsement theory and the concept of meaning transfer at a level of brand attributes. Design/methodology/approach A between-subjects true experimental design was chosen for each of the two empirical studies with a total of 268 participants, using mock newspaper articles about a succession scenario at the CEO level of different companies. The study is designed to analyse the meaning transfer from celebrity CEO to corporate brand and vice versa using 16 personality attributes. Findings This study gives empirical support for meaning transfer effects at the brand attribute level in both the celebrity-CEO-to-corporate-brand and corporate-brand-to-celebrity-CEO direction, which confirms the applicability of the concept of brand endorsement to celebrity CEOs and the mutuality in co-branding models. Furthermore, a more detailed and expansive perspective on the definition of endorsement is provided as well as managerial guidance for building celebrity CEOs and corporate brands in consideration of meaning transfer effects. Originality/value This study is one of only few analysing the phenomenon of meaning transfer between brands that focus on non-evaluative associations (i.e. personality attributes). It is unique in its scope, insofar as the partnering relationship between celebrity CEOs and corporate brands have not been analysed empirically from this perspective yet. It bridges the gap between application in practice and the academic foundations, and it contributes to a broader understanding and definition of celebrity endorsement.

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