Comparison of nutritional status between lacto-ovo vegetarian and non-vegetarian Jordanian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aseel Al-Ma’aitah ◽  
Reema Tayyem
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fat ◽  
Monounsaturated Fat ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Mean

Purpose Vegetarian diets exclude meat, fish and poultry and/or egg and dairy products, these diets are based on grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes and seeds. The purpose of this study is to compare the nutritional status between lacto-ovo vegetarian and non-vegetarian Jordanian adults. Design/methodology/approach A case-control study was conducted during the period between (April–November 2019). In total, 200 Jordanians in early adulthood aged between 18 and 35 years participated in the present study; 100 subjects were non-vegetarians and 100 subjects were lacto-ovo vegetarians. The ratio was (1:1). Matching between the two groups was done in terms of age, sex and body mass index. A package that consisted of three structured questionnaires: Personal Information Sheet, Food Frequency Questionnaire and Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall were administered to all participants in this study. Findings The concentration of serum vitamin B12 was significantly higher (P = 0.011) in non-vegetarians than lacto-ovo vegetarians. The means of intake of calories (P = 0.003), calories from fat (P = 0.001), calories from saturated fat (P = 0.001), protein (P = 0.001), fat (P = 0.001), saturated fat (P = 0.001), monounsaturated fat (P = 0.022), polyunsaturated fat (P = 0.001), cholesterol (P = 0.001) and omega-6 (P = 0.039) were significantly higher in non-vegetarians. The intakes Mean of carbohydrates (P = 0.001), fiber (P = 0.001) and soluble fiber (P = 0.001) were significantly higher in lacto-ovo vegetarians compared to non-vegetarians. The mean of beta-carotene intake was significantly higher (P = 0.001) in lacto-ovo vegetarians compared to non-vegetarians, although the intakes of vitamin A(RAE) and retinol were significantly higher (P = 0.029, P = 0.001, respectively) in non-vegetarians as compared to lacto-ovo vegetarians. The means of vitamins B2 (P = 0.018), B3 (P = 0.001), B3NE (P = 0.001), B6 (mg) (P = 0.001), B12 (P = 0.001), E-a-Tocopherol (P = 0.001) and D (P = 0.001) intake were significantly higher in non-vegetarians compared to lacto-ovo vegetarians. The mean intakes of vitamins C (P = 0.033), folate (P = 0.005) and K (P = 0.002) were significantly in lacto-ovo vegetarians compared to non-vegetarians. Means intake of some minerals was significantly higher in non-vegetarians than lacto-ovo vegetarians. Originality/value The current study showed that lacto-ovo vegetarians had lower serum vitamin B12 levels. The consumption of fruits, vegetables and legumes was higher in lacto-ovo vegetarians than non-vegetarians. While lacto-ovo vegetarian diet provided less fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat and cholesterol than non-vegetarians, it could be considered a rich source for fiber, folate, beta-carotene, vitamin C and vitamin K.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome—Role of Dietary Fat Type and Quantity

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fat ◽  
Monounsaturated Fat ◽  
The Impact

Background: Metabolic syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) over and above that related to type 2 diabetes. The optimal diet for the treatment of metabolic syndrome is not clear. Materials and Methods: A review of dietary interventions in volunteers with metabolic syndrome as well as studies examining the impact of dietary fat on the separate components of metabolic syndrome was undertaken using only recent meta-analyses, if available. Results: Most of the data suggest that replacing carbohydrates with any fat, but particularly polyunsaturated fat, will lower triglyceride(TG), increase high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and lower blood pressure, but have no effects on fasting glucose in normal volunteers or insulin sensitivity, as assessed by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps. Fasting insulin may be lowered by fat. Monounsaturated fat (MUFA) is preferable to polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) for fasting insulin and glucose lowering. The addition of 3–4 g of N3 fats will lower TG and blood pressure (BP) and reduce the proportion of subjects with metabolic syndrome. Dairy fat (50% saturated fat) is also related to a lower incidence of metabolic syndrome in cohort studies.

scholarly journals The Relation between Iron and Vitamin B12 Status with Coronary Artery Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
Kholoud M. Shamallakh ◽  
Ohood M. Shamallakh ◽  
Heba M. Arafat ◽  
Mazen M. Alzaharna
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Control Study

Aims: To investigate the association of iron and vitamin B12 status with coronary artery disease in Gaza city. Study Design: A Case control study Place and Duration of Study: Samples were collected from the cardiac unit at Al-Shifa hospital, Gaza Strip. Methodology: Case-control study was conducted on a sample of 31 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 27 apparently healthy controls aged between 30-60 years. Interviewed questionnaire was conducted among the study population. Vitamin B12, serum ferritin, serum iron, lipid profile parameters, and high sensitivity C reactive protein were performed. An approval was acquired from Helsinki ethical committee to perform this study. All data were analyzed by SPSS. Results: The results showed that the mean level of serum iron in cases (71.6 ± 24.7 µg/dl) was lower compared to that of controls (87.3 ± 28.4 µg/dl) and the difference was statistically significant (P=.028). Moreover, transferrin saturation percentage in cases (24.0 ± 8.9%) was lower compared to controls (29.0 ± 9.9%) and the difference was statistically significant (P=.045). In addition, the mean levels of serum vitamin B12 in cases (238.8 ± 51.4 pg‎/dl) was lower compared to controls (337.3± 108.4 pg‎/dl) and was statistically significant (P<0.001). The Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the level of serum iron with the level of vitamin B12 among the participants (r = 0.28, P=.032). Conclusion: The mean differences of transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, and vitamin B12 between cases and controls were statistically significant. The mean levels of serum vitamin B12 in cases was lower compared to controls and was statistically significant.

scholarly journals The Role of Volume, Conductivity, Scatter Changes of Neutrophils and Monocytes in Diagnosis of Megaloblastic Anemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. A563-569
Author(s):  
Deepa Sowkur Anandarama Adiga ◽  
Debarshi Saha ◽  
Karthick R G ◽  
Vishnu Priya M ◽  
Purnima S Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Megaloblastic Anemia ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Volume Conductivity ◽  
Degree Of Certainty ◽  
Normochromic Anemia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

Background: Megaloblastic anemias are macrocytic normochromic anemia with mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 100 fl-140 fl and caused by deficiency of either cobalamin (vitamin B12) or folate. However, increased MCV is not specific for megaloblastic anemia, nor is Vitamin B12 assay by chemiluminescence. We undertook this study to evaluate the possible role of Volume, Conductivity and Scatter (VCS) of WBCs derived from standard hematology analyzer to indicate megaloblastic anemia. Methods: We performed a case control study comparing data of 60 patients with low serum vitamin B12 or folate levels with 60 healthy volunteers. Comparison of the volume, conductivity and scatter parameters for neutrophils and monocytes of cases and control were done. Result: The mean neutrophil volume of cases (158.37±18.13fl) was significantly higher (p= 0.0001) compared to controls (141.26±4.22fl). Similarly, mean monocyte volume of cases (183.34±16.90fl) was significantly (p=0.0001) higher compared to controls (166.55±8.66fl). The difference in the mean conductivity of both neutrophils and monocytes between cases and controls were insignificant (p=0.43). Conclusion: Our study suggests analysis of VCS parameters for neutrophils and monocytes was a simple and objective method that substantiates the existence of subclinical deficiency of vitamin B 12 and folate with fair degree of certainty.

scholarly journals The association between low serum Vitamin B12 levels and hyperpigmentation on patients who use Isotretinonin

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Sevim Baysak ◽  
Ebru Karagun ◽  
Havva Hilal Ayvaz
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Oral Isotretinoin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: Oral isotretinoin is the most effective agent in the treatment of acne vulgaris. The risk of pigmentation due to the systemic isotretinoin may be associated with decrease in serum levels of Vit B12. The study aims to contribute to the literature by defining the association between the increase in pigmentation caused by oral isotretinoin [O-ISO] use and low vitamin B12 level [vit-B12]. Methods: In our study we evaluated 144 patients, who have facial acnes at medium degree according to FDA Acne Score and take O-ISO treatment with the dose 0.5 mg/ kg/ day for six months. The relationship of the vitamin B12 levels of the patients at the admission and 6th month and the existence of pigmentation at 6th month, the skin type and the skin layer at which the pigmentation occurs, was evaluated.Association of vit-B12 level on admission and six months post drug use with the presence of pigmentation at six months, the type of skin and the skin layer in which pigmentation occurs were evaluated. Results: In the group with pigmentation, the mean vit-B12 level after six months of drug use was statistically lower than the mean vit-B12 level on admission [p <0.001]. In patients with no pigmentation, difference between the mean levels of Vit-B12 levels was not statistically significant [p = 0,255]. Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that the mean vit-B12 level decreased due to O-ISO use and the association of hyperpigmentation and low vit-B12 level was statistically significant. Vit -B12 monitoring and supplementation, if necessary, can help us prevent hyperpigmentation that may occur during the treatment.

Serum Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels in Mothers and their Newborns: An Observational Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
Priyanka H Krishnaswamy ◽  
Sujatha Prabhu ◽  
N Ashwini Pandith ◽  
Achal Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
P Value ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Average Serum

ABSTRACT Aim To estimate the average serum values of vitamin B12 and folate in women with a term pregnancy and the cord blood of their newborns. To find if any correlation exists between the levels of serum B12 and folate in the mother and that of the neonate. Materials and methods A prospective observational study of serum B12 and folate levels and the respective cord blood concentrations of 51 term, nonanemic, pregnant women and in the cord blood of their newborns at delivery. Results Fifteen women were B12 deficient (29.4%) with the mean being 189.25 ± 94.2 ng/mL and 14 neonates were B12 deficient (27.45%) with their mean being 321.86 ± 143.68 ng/mL. One woman was folate deficient (1.96%) with the mean being 13.13 ± 5.15 ng/mL and one neonate was folate deficient (1.96%) with the mean being 15.68 ± 4.61 ng/mL. There was a significant correlation between maternal and neonatal B12 levels with a Pearson's coefficient of 0.74 (p-value of < 0.01) and a significant correlation between maternal and neonatal folate levels with a Pearson's coefficient of 0.44 (p-value of < 0.01). Conclusion There is a high incidence of maternal B12 deficiency in the Indian community, which has a positive correlation with neonatal levels. Treatment of B12 and folate deficiency should be a part of routine antenatal treatment, and neonates should be followed up and treated if found to be B12 or folate deficient. Clinical significance In India, where large numbers of women are anemic, deficiency of vitamin B12 and folate is overlooked when treatment of anemia is undertaken in most hospitals. In addition, women with undetected and subclinical deficiency may transmit it to their newborns with a cycle that is self-perpetuating unless broken with adequate intake or supplementation. How to cite this article Krishnaswamy PH, Prabhu S, Pandith NA, Shetty A. Serum Vitamin B12 and Folate Levels in Mothers and their Newborns: An Observational Study. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2016;50(4):190-193.

Serum Vitamin B12 and Folic Acid Levels in Hyperthyroidism

1979 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matina Kesse-Elias ◽  
D. Koutras ◽  
P. Pandos ◽  
S. Papazoglou ◽  
S. Moulopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Clinical Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Serum Folic Acid ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients ◽  
Normal Controls

SummarySerum vitamin B12 and folic acid levels were measured in 48 hyperthyroid patients and in a group of euthyroid controls. The levels of vitamin B12 ranged from 120-900 pg/ml with a mean of 429.3 ± 30.9 pg/ml (SE). The mean serum vitamin B ? level was lower in hyperthyroid patients than in normal controls, the difference being statistically significant (t = 2.584, p < 0.025). Serum vitamin B12 levels showed a statistically significant negative correlation with the clinical index of Grooks et al. (r = 0.344, p < 0.05). The findings, although not excluding the involvement of auto-immune gastritis in patients with low serum vitamin B12 levels, suggest a direct action of increased thyroid hormone concentrations. Serum folic acid levels ranged from 0.5- 13.8 ng/ml with a mean of 6.8 ± 0.46 ng/ml (SE). The mean serum folic acid levels were higher in the hyperthyroid patients than in normal controls but the difference was not statistically significant (t = 1.2, p > 0.2). The serum folic acid levels did not show any statistically significant correlation with the clinical index of Grooks et al. The fact that no statistically significant difference was found between the mean value in hyperthyroid patients and the mean value in normal controls is probably due to the high folic acid intake in Greece.

Estimation of the Total Body Vitamin B12 in the Live Subject

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Adams ◽  
H. I. Tankel ◽  
Fiona MacEwan
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Microbiological Activity ◽  
Tracer Dose ◽  
Liver Biopsies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Total Body

1. Values for total body vitamin B12 were calculated for eighteen patients by giving a tracer dose of radioactive cyanocobalamin and measuring the radioactivity and microbiological activity in liver biopsies obtained at laparotomy. 2. The values for total body vitamin B12 ranged from 960 to 5984 μg with a mean of 2528 μg. Five values were greater and thirteen less than the mean. 3. Significant correlations were found between the serum vitamin B12 and total body vitamin B12, the serum vitamin B12 and the hepatic vitamin B12 and the hepatic B12 and the total body vitamin B12.

scholarly journals Contribution of Amaranthus cruentus and Solanum macrocarpon Leaves Flour to Nutrient Intake and Effect on Nutritional Status of Rural School Children in Volta Region, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Godfred Egbi ◽  
Mary Glover-Amengor ◽  
Margaret M. Tohouenou ◽  
Francis Zotor
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Amaranthus Cruentus ◽  
Feeding Program ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Background. Plant-based foods are staple diets and main micronutrient sources of most rural Ghanaian households. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Amaranthus cruentus and Solanum macrocarpon leafy vegetable flour on micronutrient intake and nutritional status of rural Ghanaian school children. Method. This study was a randomized controlled trial that consisted of baseline data collection and a three-month nutrition intervention feeding program. Two groups of 53 children, age 4–9 years, involved in the Ghana School Feeding Program took part in the study. An experimental group consumed Amaranthus cruentus and Solanum macrocarpon leaves flour (ACSMLVF) stews and soup. The control group consumed stews and soup without ACSMLVF. Haemoglobin and serum vitamin A concentrations were determined. Dietary and anthropometric data were collected and analysed. Participants were screened for malaria parasitaemia and hookworm. Results. Anaemia was present in 41.5% and 37.3%, respectively, of the intervention and control groups at baseline. It was present in 28.3% and 53.3%, respectively, at the end of the study. This was significantly different (p=0.024). There was a low vitamin A concentration in 66.0% and 64.7% at baseline and 20.8% and 23.4% at the end of the study in the intervention and control groups, respectively. The mean iron, zinc, and provitamin A (beta-carotene) intakes of the intervention group were 14.2 ± 7.1 mg, 5.7 ± 2.1 mg, and 214.5 ± 22.6 μg, respectively, at baseline. Those of the control were 13.7 ± 6.1 mg, 5.4 ± 2.1 mg, and 210.6 ± 20.1 μg, respectively. At the end of the study, the mean intake of iron, zinc, and beta-carotene for the intervention group was 24.1 ± 10.9 mg, 13.8 ± 8.2 mg, and 694.2 ± 33.1 μg, respectively. The intake of these micronutrients for the control at the end of the study was 14.8 ± 6.2 mg, 5.9 ± 2.3 mg, and 418.4 ± 34.7 μg, respectively. Conclusion. Consumption of ACSMLVF stews and soup increased iron, zinc, and beta-carotene intakes. Anaemia prevalence was lower in the intervention group at the end of the study.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document