3D printing of generative art using the assembly and deformation of direction-specified parts

Purpose A methodology for designing and printing three-dimensional (3D) objects with specified printing-direction using fused deposition modeling (FDM), which was proposed by a previous paper, enables the expression of natural directions, such as hair, fabric or other directed textures, in modeled objects. This paper aims to enhance this methodology for creating various shapes of generative visual objects with several specialized attributes. Design/methodology/approach The proposed enhancement consists of two new methods and a new technique. The first is a method for “deformation”. It enables deforming simple 3D models to create varieties of shapes much more easily in generative design processes. The second is the spiral/helical printing method. The print direction (filament direction) of each part of a printed object is made consistent by this method, and it also enables seamless printing results and enables low-angle overhang. The third, i.e. the light-reflection control technique, controls the properties of filament while printing with transparent polylactic acid. It enables the printed objects to reflect light brilliantly. Findings The proposed methods and technique were implemented in a Python library and evaluated by printing various shapes, and it is confirmed that they work well, and objects with attractive attributes, such as the brilliance, can be created. Research limitations/implications The methods and technique proposed in this paper are not well-suited to industrial prototyping or manufacturing that require strength or intensity. Practical implications The techniques proposed in this paper are suited for generatively producing various a small number of products with artistic or visual properties. Originality/value This paper proposes a completely different methodology for 3D printing than the conventional computer-aided design (CAD)-based methodology and enables products that cannot be created by conventional methods.

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Novel topological design of 3D Kagome structure for additive manufacturing

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-01-2017-0015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 261-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rong Wang ◽

Jianzhong Shang ◽

Xin Li ◽

Zhuo Wang ◽

Zirong Luo

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Lattice Structure ◽

Topology Design ◽

Original Structure ◽

Compression Tests ◽

Content Type ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

And Topology

Purpose This paper aims to present a new topology method in designing the lightweight and complex structures for 3D printing. Design/methodology/approach Computer-aided design (CAD) and topology design are the two main approaches for 3D truss lattices designing in 3D printing. Though these two ways have their own advantages and have been used by the researchers in different engineering situations, these two methods seem to be incompatible. A novel topology method is presented in this paper which can combine the merits of both CAD and topology design. It is generally based on adding materials to insufficient parts in a given structure so the resulting topology evolves toward an optimum. Findings By using the topology method, an optimized-Kagome structure is designed and both 3D original-Kagome structure and 3D optimized-Kagome structure are manufactured by fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printer with ABS and the compression tests results show that the 3D optimized-Kagome has a higher specific stiffness and strength than the original one. Originality/value The presented topology method is the first work that using the original structure-based topology algorithm other than a boundary condition-based topology algorithm for 3D printing lattice and it can be considered as general way to optimize a commonly used light-weight lattice structure in strength and stiffness.

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A Review of 3D Printing in Dentistry: Technologies, Affecting Factors, and Applications

Scanning ◽

10.1155/2021/9950131 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-19

Author(s):

Yueyi Tian ◽

ChunXu Chen ◽

Xiaotong Xu ◽

Jiayin Wang ◽

Xingyu Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Complex Geometry ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Affecting Factors ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Oral Implantology

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies are advanced manufacturing technologies based on computer-aided design digital models to create personalized 3D objects automatically. They have been widely used in the industry, design, engineering, and manufacturing fields for nearly 30 years. Three-dimensional printing has many advantages in process engineering, with applications in dentistry ranging from the field of prosthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and oral implantology to orthodontics, endodontics, and periodontology. This review provides a practical and scientific overview of 3D printing technologies. First, it introduces current 3D printing technologies, including powder bed fusion, photopolymerization molding, and fused deposition modeling. Additionally, it introduces various factors affecting 3D printing metrics, such as mechanical properties and accuracy. The final section presents a summary of the clinical applications of 3D printing in dentistry, including manufacturing working models and main applications in the fields of prosthodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and oral implantology. The 3D printing technologies have the advantages of high material utilization and the ability to manufacture a single complex geometry; nevertheless, they have the disadvantages of high cost and time-consuming postprocessing. The development of new materials and technologies will be the future trend of 3D printing in dentistry, and there is no denying that 3D printing will have a bright future.

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Research on color 3D printing based on color adherence

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-07-2016-0112 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 37-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Minhua Yang ◽

Xin-guang Lv ◽

Xiao-jie Liu ◽

Jia-qing Zhang

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Color Line ◽

Color Distribution ◽

Content Type ◽

3D Print ◽

3D Objects ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Color Printing

Purpose This paper aims to present a method of color three-dimensional (3D) printing based on color adherence. Design/methodology/approach First, experiments of the color effects of 3D printings using different carriers and different printing methods were performed. Second, the color of a specific point could be calculated through a theory of dimension-reducing, and the color distribution of 3D model was transformed from 3D to 1D color line corresponding with 3D print sequence. At last, the color lines, which were printed on a PE film by silk-screen printing, was carried by a filament and then printed through a fused deposition modeling 3D printer. Findings The printing ink and PE film are suitable as the pigment and carrier under this investigation, respectively. Based on an idea of reducing dimension, the method of 3D color printing through adhering color to a filament is realized. The color saturation of the sample was relatively high through the method. Research limitations/implications It is hard to avoid that there may be some residual color in the nozzle through this method, and the purity of following color will be affected. As a result, continuous improvements should be made to perfect the method. Practical implications An approach of 3D color printing is described in detail, and what kind of model is more applicable is discussed particularly. Originality/value This approach is implemented to print color 3D objects with just one nozzle by means of color adherence. That is, printing the 3D objects using the filament is carried out with 1D color line, which is printed by a traditional printing method.

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Synthesis and properties of modified PBT for FDM

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-12-2015-0197 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 804-810 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shiqing Cao ◽

Dandan Yu ◽

Weilan Xue ◽

Zuoxiang Zeng ◽

Wanyu Zhu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Impact Strength ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Complex Structure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Sebacic Acid ◽

Wire Drawing ◽

Content Type ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Deposition Modeling

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to prepare a new modified polybutylene terephalate (MPBT) for fused deposition modeling (FDM) to increase the variety of materials compatible with printing. And the printing materials can be used to print components with a complex structure and functional mechanical parts. Design/methodology/approach The MPBT, poly(butylene terephalate-co-isophthalate-co-sebacate) (PBTIS), was prepared for FDM by direct esterification and subsequent polycondensation using terephthalic acid (PTA), isophthalic acid (PIA), sebacic acid (SA) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO). The effects of the content of PIA (20-40 mol%) on the mechanical properties of PBTIS were investigated when the mole per cent of SA (αSA) is zero. The effects of αSA (0-7mol%) on the thermal, rheological and mechanical properties of PBTIS were investigated at nPTA/nPIA = 7/3. A desktop wire drawing and extruding machine was used to fabricate the filaments, whose printability and anisotropy were tested by three-dimensional (3D) printing experiments. Findings A candidate content of PIA introducing into PBT was obtained to be about 30 per cent, and the Izod notched impact strength of PBTIS increased with the increase of αSA. The results showed that the PBTIS (nPTA/nPIA = 7/3, αSA = 3-5mol%) is suitable for FDM. Originality/value New printing materials with good Izod notched impact strength were obtained by introducing PIA and SA (nPTA/nPIA = 7/3, αSA = 3-5 mol%) into PBT and their anisotropy are better than that of ABS.

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Mesh-Type Three-Dimensional (3D) Printing of Human Organs and Tumors: Fast, Cost-Effective, and Personalized Anatomic Modeling of Patient-Oriented Visual Aids

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11031047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 1047

Author(s):

Jungirl Seok ◽

Sungmin Yoon ◽

Chang Hwan Ryu ◽

Junsun Ryu ◽

Seok-ki Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

3D Modeling ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Tumor Location ◽

Visual Aids ◽

Surgical Specimen ◽

Personalized Care ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Mesh Work

Although three-dimensional (3D)-printed anatomic models are not new to medicine, the high costs and lengthy production times entailed have limited their application. Our goal was developing a new and less costly 3D modeling method to depict organ-tumor relations at faster printing speeds. We have devised a method of 3D modeling using tomographic images. Coordinates are extracted at a specified interval, connecting them to create mesh-work replicas. Adjacent constructs are depicted by density variations, showing anatomic targets (i.e., tumors) in contrasting colors. An array of organ solid-tumor models was printed via a Fused Deposition Modeling 3D printer at significantly less cost ($0.05/cm3) and time expenditure (1.73 min/cm3; both, p < 0.001). Printed models helped promote visual appreciation of organ-tumor anatomy and adjacent tissues. Our mesh-work 3D thyroidal prototype reproduced glandular size/contour and tumor location, readily approximating the surgical specimen. This newly devised mesh-type 3D printing method may facilitate anatomic modeling for personalized care and improve patient awareness during informed surgical consent.

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Animal orthosis fabrication with additive manufacturing – a case study of custom orthosis for chicken

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-03-2021-0054 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Wiktoria Maria Wojnarowska ◽

Jakub Najowicz ◽

Tomasz Piecuch ◽

Michał Sochacki ◽

Dawid Pijanka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Veterinary Medicine ◽

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Fused Deposition Modelling ◽

Content Type ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Secondary Objective ◽

Traditional Manufacturing ◽

Aided Design

Purpose Chicken orthoses that cover the ankle joint area are not commercially available. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to fabricate a customised temporary Ankle–Foot Orthosis (AFO) for a chicken with a twisted ankle using computer-aided design (CAD) and three-dimensional (3D) printing. The secondary objective of the paper is to present the specific application of Additive Manufacturing (AM) in veterinary medicine. Design/methodology/approach The design process was based on multiple sketches, photos and measurements that were provided by the owner of the animal. The 3D model of the orthosis was made with Autodesk Fusion 360, while the prototype was fabricated using fused deposition modelling (FDM). Evaluation of the AFO was performed using the finite element method. Findings The work resulted in a functional 3D printed AFO for chicken. It was found that the orthosis made with AM provides satisfactory stiffen and a good fit. It was concluded that AM is suitable for custom bird AFO fabrication and, in some respects, is superior to traditional manufacturing methods. It was also concluded that the presented procedure can be applied in other veterinary cases and to other animal species and other parts of their body. AM provides veterinary with a powerful tool for the production of well-fitted and durable orthoses for animals. Research limitations/implications The study does not include the chicken's opinion on the comfort or fit of the manufactured AFO due to communication issues. Evaluation of the final prototype was done by the researchers and the animal owner. Originality/value No evidence was found in the literature on the use of AM for chicken orthosis, so this study is the first to describe such an application of AM. In addition, the study demonstrates the value of AM in veterinary medicine, especially in the production of devices such as orthoses.

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Bioprinting in ophthalmology: current advances and future pathways

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-06-2018-0144 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 496-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Nataraj Poomathi ◽

Sunpreet Singh ◽

Chander Prakash ◽

Rajkumar V. Patil ◽

P.T. Perumal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Cardiac Tissue ◽

Human Life ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Eye Diseases ◽

Biological Research ◽

Content Type ◽

Almost All ◽

Time Of Operation

Purpose Bioprinting is a promising technology, which has gained a recent attention, for application in all aspects of human life and has specific advantages in different areas of medicines, especially in ophthalmology. The three-dimensional (3D) printing tools have been widely used in different applications, from surgical planning procedures to 3D models for certain highly delicate organs (such as: eye and heart). The purpose of this paper is to review the dedicated research efforts that so far have been made to highlight applications of 3D printing in the field of ophthalmology. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the state-of-the-art review has been summarized for bioprinters, biomaterials and methodologies adopted to cure eye diseases. This paper starts with fundamental discussions and gradually leads toward the summary and future trends by covering almost all the research insights. For better understanding of the readers, various tables and figures have also been incorporated. Findings The usages of bioprinted surgical models have shown to be helpful in shortening the time of operation and decreasing the risk of donor, and hence, it could boost certain surgical effects. This demonstrates the wide use of bioprinting to design more precise biological research models for research in broader range of applications such as in generating blood vessels and cardiac tissue. Although bioprinting has not created a significant impact in ophthalmology, in recent times, these technologies could be helpful in treating several ocular disorders in the near future. Originality/value This review work emphasizes the understanding of 3D printing technologies, in the light of which these can be applied in ophthalmology to achieve successful treatment of eye diseases.

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Desain dan Pembuatan Prototype Piston Honda MEGAPRO FI Menggunakan 3D Printing

SPROCKET JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ◽

10.36655/sprocket.v1i2.184 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 81-91

Author(s):

Frince Marbun ◽

Richard A.M. Napitupulu

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Layer By Layer ◽

Printing Technology ◽

3D Printing Technology ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Deposition Modeling ◽

Manufacturing Technologies ◽

Aided Design

3D printing technology has great potential in today's manufacturing world, one of its uses is in making miniatures or prototypes of a product such as a piston. One of the most famous and inexpensive 3D printing (additive manufacturing) technologies is Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), the principle FDM works by thermoplastic extrusion through a hot nozzle at melting temperature then the product is made layer by layer. The two most commonly used materials are ABS and PLA so it is very important to know the accuracy of product dimensions. FDM 3D Printing Technology is able to make duplicate products accurately using PLA material. FDM machines work by printing parts that have been designed by computer-aided design (CAD) and then exported in the form of STL or .stl files and uploaded to the slicer program to govern the printing press according to the design. Using Anet A8 brand 3D printing tools that are available to the public, Slicing of general CAD geometry files such as autocad and solidwork is the basis for making this object. This software is very important to facilitate the design process to be printed. Some examples of software that can be downloaded and used free of charge such as Repetier-Host and Cura. by changing the parameters in the slicer software is very influential in the 3D printing manufacturing process.

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Experimental study on the accuracy and surface quality of printed versus machined holes in PEI Ultem 9085 FDM specimens

Rapid Prototyping Journal ◽

10.1108/rpj-12-2019-0306 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (11) ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Giovanni Gómez-Gras ◽

Marco A. Pérez ◽

Jorge Fábregas-Moreno ◽

Guillermo Reyes-Pozo

Keyword(s):

Surface Quality ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Dimensional Accuracy ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Content Type ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

Comparison Of The Results ◽

Through Hole

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the quality of printed surfaces and manufacturing tolerances by comparing the cylindrical cavities machined in parts obtained by fused deposition modeling (FDM) with the holes manufactured during the printing process itself. The comparison focuses on the results of roughness and tolerances, intending to obtain practical references when making assemblies. Design/methodology/approach The experimental approach focuses on the comparison of the results of roughness and tolerances of two manufacturing strategies: geometric volumes with a through-hole and the through-hole machined in volumes that were initially printed without the hole. Throughout the study, both alternates are explained to make appropriate recommendations. Findings The study shows the best combinations of technological parameters, both machining and three-dimensional printing, which have been decisive for obtaining successful results. These conclusive results allow enunciating recommendations for use in the industrial environment. Originality/value This paper fulfills an identified need to study the dimensional accuracy of the geometries obtained by additive manufacturing, as no experimental evidence has been found of studies that directly address the problem of the FDM-printed part with geometric and dimensional tolerances and desirable surface quality for assembly.

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3D-Printable PP/SEBS Thermoplastic Elastomeric Blends: Preparation and Properties

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11020347 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 347 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Shib Banerjee ◽

Stephen Burbine ◽

Nischay Kodihalli Shivaprakash ◽

Joey Mead

Keyword(s):

3D Printing ◽

Carbon Black ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Fused Deposition Modeling ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Fused Deposition ◽

3D Printed ◽

Injection Molded ◽

Preferential Location

Currently, material extrusion 3D printing (ME3DP) based on fused deposition modeling (FDM) is considered a highly adaptable and efficient additive manufacturing technique to develop components with complex geometries using computer-aided design. While the 3D printing process for a number of thermoplastic materials using FDM technology has been well demonstrated, there still exists a significant challenge to develop new polymeric materials compatible with ME3DP. The present work reports the development of ME3DP compatible thermoplastic elastomeric (TPE) materials from polypropylene (PP) and styrene-(ethylene-butylene)-styrene (SEBS) block copolymers using a straightforward blending approach, which enables the creation of tailorable materials. Properties of the 3D printed TPEs were compared with traditional injection molded samples. The tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the 3D printed sample were lower than the injection molded samples. However, no significant differences could be found in the melt rheological properties at higher frequency ranges or in the dynamic mechanical behavior. The phase morphologies of the 3D printed and injection molded TPEs were correlated with their respective properties. Reinforcing carbon black was used to increase the mechanical performance of the 3D printed TPE, and the balancing of thermoplastic elastomeric and mechanical properties were achieved at a lower carbon black loading. The preferential location of carbon black in the blend phases was theoretically predicted from wetting parameters. This study was made in order to get an insight to the relationship between morphology and properties of the ME3DP compatible PP/SEBS blends.

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