Reduction ratio for GOSCL constrained by Moore co-families on object set

Traditionally, the reduction ratio of a spur gear pair is limited to 4 ~ 7. For a spur gear transmission with reduction ratio more than 7, it is necessary to have more than two gear pairs. Consider the cost of production, this paper proposes a helical spur gear reducer with one gear pair having reduction ratio 19.25 to substitute the gear reducer with two gear pairs. Based on the involute theorem, the gear data of helical spur gear pair is obtained. According to the gear data, its corresponding engineering drawing is accomplished. This manuscript verify that one spur gear pair also can have high reduction ratio (20 ~ 30).

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Effects of Cold-Rolling Reduction on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti50Zr30Nb10Ta10 Alloy

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.849.376 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 849 ◽

pp. 376-381

Author(s):

Ming Long Li ◽

Yu Jie Geng ◽

Chen Chen ◽

Shu Jie Pang ◽

Tao Zhang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Titanium Alloy ◽

Plastic Strain ◽

Cold Rolling ◽

Reduction Ratio ◽

High Fracture ◽

Dendrite Structure ◽

Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽

Cold Rolling Reduction ◽

Cold Rolled

The effects of cold-rolling with different reduction ratios of 70%-90% on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti50Zr30Nb10Ta10 alloy were investigated. It was found that the β-Ti phase in this alloy was stable under cold-rolling. With the increase in reduction ratio from 70% to 90%, the microstructure of the alloys evolved from deformed dendrite structure to fiber-like structure. The alloy cold-rolled with the reduction ratio of 70% exhibited optimum mechanical properties of combined high fracture strength of 1012 MPa and plastic strain of 10.1%, which are closely correlated with the dendrite structure of the alloy. It is indicated that the proper cold-rolling is an effective way to improve the mechanical properties of the titanium alloy.

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Characteristics of sludge reduction in an integrated pretreatment and aerobic digestion process

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2006.228 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 53 (7) ◽

pp. 235-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. Hwang ◽

H. Jang ◽

M. Lee ◽

J. Song ◽

S. Kim

Keyword(s):

Total Suspended Solid ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Reduction Ratio ◽

Effective Dosage ◽

Ozone Treatment ◽

Sludge Reduction ◽

Aerobic Digestion ◽

Cake Volume ◽

Sludge Cake ◽

Feasible Alternative

In this study, integrated pretreatments and aerobic digestion processes were investigated in order to provide a feasible alternative that can achieve effective sludge reduction. An ozone treatment in the presence of ionic manganese, a catalyst, increased the sludge reduction ratio three times higher than that of a single ozonation, presumably due to an increase in OH radical production. The ozone treatment yielded the effective sludge reduction ratio with an increasing ozone dosage, and an effective dosage of the catalyst was found to be 4 mg-Mn/g-TS. When a mechanical pretreatment and an ozone/catalyst were applied in a series, the integrated process, even at a half mechanical intensity and a half level of ozone dosage, showed higher and faster sludge reduction than each single process did. In addition, the integrated pretreatment process showed the highest dewaterability of the treated sludges. A ratio of sludge cake generation, which was newly introduced to quantify overall performance of sludge treatment processes, showed that the integrated pretreatment followed by the aerobic digestion yielded approximately a half of the sludge cake volume compared to the single aerobic digestion. Therefore, the integrated pretreatment can be a feasible method for the effective reduction of total suspended solid and the final volume.

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Determination of Optimal Coiling Temperature and Cold Reduction Ratio of 260MPa Grade High Strength Nb-IF Steel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.148 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 399-401 ◽

pp. 148-151

Author(s):

Min Li Wang ◽

Zhi Wang Zheng ◽

Li Xiao

Keyword(s):

High Strength ◽

Strain Ratio ◽

Reduction Ratio ◽

Cold Reduction ◽

Strain Hardening Exponent ◽

If Steel ◽

Coiling Temperature ◽

Plastic Strain Ratio ◽

N Value ◽

R Value

Hot rolled 260MPa grade high strength Nb-IF steel sheet was used to study the effect of coiling temperature and cold reduction ratio on the microstructures and mechanical properties. The experimental results showed that the recrystallization has finished. Under 650°Ccoiling temperature and 75% cold reduction ratio, and under 600°C or 700°C coiling temperature and 65% cold reduction ratio, the plastic strain ratio r value and the strain hardening exponent n value were reached the maximum, and respectively, the r value was approximate 1.8, the n value was approximate 0.26. That obtains optimally match of high strength and punching property.

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Manufacture of Non-Toxic Lava from Recovery of the Incineration Ash by Plasma Fusing Technology

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.2365 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 194-196 ◽

pp. 2365-2375

Author(s):

Jai Houng Leu ◽

Li Fong Wu ◽

Ay Su

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Fly Ash ◽

Dissolution Rate ◽

Bottom Ash ◽

Reduction Ratio ◽

National Standards ◽

Toxic Heavy Metals ◽

Mixture Ratio ◽

Sustainable Operation ◽

The Stability

This research investigated and explored the overall technical and legal suggestions on mixed ash (bottom ash + fly ash) from the first BOT(built-operation then transfer) incineration plant in south Taoyuan of Taiwan, with the hope of serving as the reference for treating ash from urban refuse incinerator and making sustainable operation management policies in Taiwan. Both bottom ash and fly ash contain high-content harmful metals like lead, chrome, and cadmium, with the lead content exceeding standard value. Plasma fusing technology may effectively settle toxic heavy metals and reduce their dissolution rate. The results show that the increase in percentage of bottom ash could maintain post-fusing strength and produce solidification effect, but this reduced the stability of toxic heavy metals and raised their dissolution rate. Suitable mixture ratio of bottom ash and fly ash was 2:1, volume reduction ratio 0.349, and weight reduction ratio 0.4936. The mixture was fulvous and dense with gloss and adequate strength. The dissolution test of lava products complied with national standards, and they might be used for recycling aggregates and solidifying cement.

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A Study of Wall Ironing by the Finite Element Technique

Journal of Engineering for Industry ◽

10.1115/1.3439342 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 31-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

E. I. Odell

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Lower Bound ◽

Cone Angle ◽

Reduction Ratio ◽

Operating Parameters ◽

Finite Element Technique ◽

Elastic Plastic ◽

Maximum Reduction ◽

Load Displacement ◽

Element Technique

Wall ironing has been analyzed using an elastic-plastic finite element technique. The effects that the ironing ring semi-cone angle and friction have on the maximum reduction ratio are studied in detail. Stress contours are given for a typical set of operating parameters. Several ram load/displacement curves are provided and compared with upper and lower bound loads.

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