Photochemical Efficiency and SPAD Value as Indirect Selection Criteria for Combined Selection of Spot Blotch and Terminal Heat Stress in Wheat

2010 ◽  
Vol 158 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 813-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh R. Rosyara ◽  
Sushil Subedi ◽  
Etienne Duveiller ◽  
Ram C. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress ◽  
Combined Selection ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Analysis of Direct and Indirect Selection and Indices in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Segregating Progeny

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zine El Abidine Fellahi ◽  
Abderrahmane Hannachi ◽  
Hamenna Bouzerzour
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Simultaneous Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Three selection methods including direct and indirect selection along with selection index based on the phenotypic values of eleven traits of agronomic interest were assessed for their application in F4 bread wheat progenies. Significant genetic variation existed among parents and crosses for the traits measured. The following were the most efficient indices for simultaneous selection of superior lines for yield and its components: base index of Williams, followed by the sum of ranks index of Smith and Hazel. The selection-based index provided the highest grain yield gains as compared to the other selection criteria, except for flag leaf area, indicating that the direct and indirect monotrait selection were not appropriate in the situation analyzed in this work. PCA identified Ain Abid × Mahon-Demias, Ain Abid × Rmada, and Ain Abid × El-Wifak as the most promising populations. At 5% selection intensity, the top 30 lines selected were distinguished, in comparison with the standard check Hidhab, by significant improvements in yield and yield components.

scholarly journals Effects of foliar application of potassium orthophosphate on grain yield and kernel quality of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) under terminal heat stress

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77
Author(s):  
Ataur Rahman ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MM Hasan ◽  
Farida Begum ◽  
MAZ Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Kernel Quality ◽  
Potassium Orthophosphate ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress

A field experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) farm, Gazipur to evaluate the effect of foliar application of potassium orthophosphate on grain yield and kernel quality of wheat under the terminal heat stress imposed by late sowing for two consecutive years (2008-09 and 2009-10). Five combinations of foliar applications of potassium orthophosphate and Tilt were tested on three wheat varieties, namely Kanchan, Shatabdi, and Prodip. The result indicated that foliar application of potassium orthophosphate was effective in increasing SPAD value (Measure of leaf chlorophyll content) and leaf area of all the wheat varieties, whereas Tilt application was effective only in Kanchan. The grain size of wheat in terms of 1000-grain weight was improved and thereby contributed to grain yield. Also the foliar application of potassium orthophosphate decreased the number of immature, smaller and deformed kernel, and thus improved the kernel quality. Two foliar sprays of 0.1% potassium orthophosphate solution at 70 DAS (Days after sowing) and 80 DAS performed better results than other applications. There were varietal differences in response to foliar treatments and the variety Prodip and Shatabdi were more responsive to potassium orthophosphate compared to Kanchan. Potassium orthophosphate could be suggested to improve grain yield and kernel quality of wheat under terminal heat stress condition. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v39i1.20144 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 39(1): 67-77, March 2014

Spot blotch and terminal heat stress tolerance in south Asian spring wheat genotypes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Rosyara ◽  
S. Subedi ◽  
R. Sharma ◽  
E. Duveiller
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress ◽  
Significant Yield

Terminal heat stress and spot blotch disease (caused by Cochliobolus sativus ) are the most important stresses responsible for significant yield losses every year in warm South Asian plains. Both of these stresses are very severe in late planted wheat, which is common in rice-wheat and rice-rice-wheat cropping systems. The development of genotypes tolerant to both stresses might be very useful for increasing yield and reducing yield losses. Information is limited on how different genotypes respond to both stresses (individually and combined) and on the degree of tolerance present in South Asian wheat genotypes. The study was done to evaluate the tolerance of South Asian wheat genotypes to both stresses by comparing the stress factor susceptibility index (SFSI). Eleven diverse South Asian genotypes were evaluated under spot blotch stress (non-fungicide protected plots), heat stress (late planted and fungicide protected), both stresses (non-fungicide protected and late planted) and normal planting situations (fungicide protected and normal season planted) at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Both stresses reduced the grain yield and thousand-kernel weight (TKW), but not other yield components, including grains/spike and spikelets/spike. Genotypes BL 1473, Gautam and NL971 were moderately to highly tolerant to both types of stress. Generally genotypes that are tolerant or resistant to spot blotch also showed tolerance to heat stress, suggesting a common physiological mechanism to combat both stresses in tolerant genotypes.

scholarly journals Genetic study of terminal heat stress in indigenous collections of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) germplasm

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
H.K. Sharma ◽  
◽  
V.V. Singh ◽  
A. Kumar ◽  
H.S. Meena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Zone Length ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Selection Of

Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate 145 genotypes of Indian mustard for terminal heat stress under late sown irrigated conditions. Methodology: One hundred and forty five genotypes of Indian mustard were evaluated for terminal heat tolerance, along with six checks in augmented block design. The effect of heat stress was assessed on different agro-morphological traits. Data were recorded on five randomly selected plants for 12 different quantitative traits for each genotype. Results: Terminal heat stress caused significant reduction in performance of all traits, except oil content and fruiting zone length. Seed yield per plant showed highest reduction (33.92%) followed by 1000-seed weight (21.28%). Thousand-seed weight and secondary branches per plant were found associated with seed yield under late sown conditions. Based on yield under stress, yield index, geometric mean productivity and stress tolerance indices, five lines viz., DRMR-59, DRMR-2094, DRMR-2129, DRMR-2071, DRMR-2136 were identified as high yielding and terminal heat stress tolerant. Whereas, based on heat stress susceptibility index, DRMR-1347, DRMR-1154, DRMR-1190 were top performing lines tolerant to terminal heat stress. Interpretation: Selection of high yielding lines under stress condition can be done using correlated traits. Yield under stress was found significantly correlated with YSI, YI, MP, STI and GMP suggesting to use these indices for selection of high yielding and heat tolerant lines. However, further re-validation is very much needed for effective use of these indices for selection of heat tolerant lines in Indian mustard.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and indirect selection of fine cacao (Theobroma cacao) based on bean color

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2385-2392 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUKITA DEVY ◽  
INDAH ANITA-SARI ◽  
AGUNG WAHYU SUSILO ◽  
ADE WACHJAR ◽  
SOBIR SOBIR
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
T Test ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Selection Of

Devy L, Anita-Sari I, Susilo AW, Wachjar A, Sobir. 2018. Genetic diversity and indirect selection of fine cacao (Theobroma cacao) based on bean color. Biodiversitas 19: 2385-2392. Specialty fine cacaos performed higher price than the bulk thereby the breeding of fine cacao clones become essential. However as perennial tree, cacao clones will be delivered in 15-20 years. Therefore, early detection marker and genetic diversity information will support the fine cacao breeding program. This study aimed to determine genetic parameters and early selection marker of leave flush trait to differentiate fine and bulk cacaos based on white bean percentage/pod (WBP). The research was conducted on 4 fine and 4 bulk cacao clones in two seasons with different rainfall intensities. Observations performed on WBP, flush color (L*, a*, b*, C*, Ho), anthocyanin content (A), SPAD value (S), A/S and S/A. Analysis of variance and T-test result showed that b* and C* were able to differentiate fine from bulk cacaos and stable in two seasons. Almost all traits showed narrow genetic variability except WBP. However, three of them showed high heritability. Traits correlated with WBP were L*, a*, b*, C* and anthocyanin content. However, the trait with high heritability, stable in two seasons, performed differently in two cacao types based on T-test and showing high direct correlation with WBP was only b* (yellow color). Fine cacao showed higher b* than the bulk. Therefore b* of the flush could be considered as a selection marker of fine cacao.

Selection of one-dimensional sedimentation: models for on-line use

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Grijspeerdt ◽  
Peter Vanrolleghem ◽  
Willy Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
On Line ◽  
Dynamic Concentration ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Modelling Task

A comparative study of several recently proposed one-dimensional sedimentation models has been made. This has been achieved by fitting these models to steady-state and dynamic concentration profiles obtained in a down-scaled secondary decanter. The models were evaluated with several a posteriori model selection criteria. Since the purpose of the modelling task is to do on-line simulations, the calculation time was used as one of the selection criteria. Finally, the practical identifiability of the models for the available data sets was also investigated. It could be concluded that the model of Takács et al. (1991) gave the most reliable results.

scholarly journals Supporting Physiological Trait for Indirect Selection for Grain Yield in Drought-Stressed Popcorn

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1510
Author(s):  
Samuel Henrique Kamphorst ◽  
Gabriel Moreno Bernardo Gonçalves ◽  
Antônio Teixeira do Amaral Júnior ◽  
Valter Jário de Lima ◽  
Kátia Fabiane Medeiros Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Indirect Selection ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Leaf Greenness ◽  
Selection Of

The identification of traits associated with drought tolerance in popcorn is a contribution to support selection of superior plants under soil water deficit. The objective of this study was to choose morphological traits and the leaf greenness index, measured on different dates, to estimate grain yield (GY) and popping expansion (PE), evaluated in a set of 20 popcorn lines with different genealogies, estimated by multiple regression models. The variables were divided into three groups: morpho-agronomic traits—100-grain weight (GW), prolificacy (PR), tassel length (TL), number of tassel branches, anthesis-silking interval, leaf angle (FA) and leaf rolling (FB); variables related to the intensity of leaf greenness during the grain-filling period, at the leaf level, measured by a portable chlorophyll meter (SPAD) and at the canopy level, calculated as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The inbred lines were cultivated under two water conditions: well-watered (WW), maintained at field capacity, and water stress (WS), for which irrigation was stopped before male flowering. The traits GY (55%) and PE (28%) were most affected by water restriction. Among the morpho-agronomic traits, GW and PR were markedly reduced (>10%). Under dry conditions, the FA in relation to the plant stalk tended to be wider, the FB curvature greater and leaf senescence accelerated (>15% at 22 days after male flowering). The use of multiple regression for the selection of predictive traits proved to be a useful tool for the identification of groups of adequate traits to efficiently predict the economically most important features of popcorn (GY and PE). The SPAD index measured 17 days after male flowering proved useful to select indirectly for GY, while, among the morphological traits, TL stood out for the same purpose. Of all traits, PR was most strongly related with PE under WS, indicating its use in breeding programs. The exploitation of these traits by indirect selection is expected to induce increments in GY and PE.

scholarly journals Crosses with spelt improve tolerance of South Asian spring wheat to spot blotch, terminal heat stress, and their combination

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajeet Kumar Pandey ◽  
Vinod Kumar Mishra ◽  
Ramesh Chand ◽  
Sudhir Navathe ◽  
Neeraj Budhlakoti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress ◽  
H 26 ◽  
The Individual

AbstractSpot blotch and terminal heat are two of the most important stresses for wheat in South Asia. A study was initiated to explore the use of spelt (Triticum spelta) to improve tolerance to these stresses in spring wheat (T. aestivum). We assessed 185 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from the cross T. spelta (H + 26) × T. aestivum (cv. HUW234), under the individual stresses and their combination. H + 26 showed better tolerance to the single stresses and also their combination; grain yield in RILs was reduced by 21.9%, 27.7% and 39.0% under spot blotch, terminal heat and their combined effect, respectively. However, phenological and plant architectural traits were not affected by spot blotch itself. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a strong negative correlation between spikelet sterility and grain yield under spot blotch, terminal heat and their combination. However, four recombinant lines demonstrated high performance under both stresses and also under their combined stress. The four lines were significantly superior in grain yield and showed significantly lower AUDPC than the better parent. This study demonstrates the potential of spelt wheat in enhancing tolerance to spot blotch and terminal heat stresses. It also provides comprehensive evidence about the expression of yield and phenological traits under these stresses.

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