Mechanism of Inhibition of Rice Bran Lipase by Polyphenols: A Case Study with Chlorogenic Acid and Caffeic Acid

AbstractThe effects of chlorogenic acid and quercetin-3-D-galactoside on the decomposition of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) in squid extract and the main mechanism of inhibition of thermal decomposition were studied. The results indicated that chlorogenic acid and quercetin-3-D-galactoside could inhibit decomposition of TMAO in squid extract. The amount of TMAO was increased by 11.79 and 15.76% in squid extract treated with chlorogenic acid and quercetin-3-D-galactoside from 0 and 2.5 g/L, respectively. The contents of trimethylamine (TMA), dimethylamine (DMA), and formaldehyde (FA) were significantly decreased with increasing contents of chlorogenic acid and quercetin-3-D-galactoside. There were many free radicals in squid extract at high temperatures; however, the free radical signals were weakened after the addition of chlorogenic acid and quercetin-3-D-galactoside therein. This implied that chlorogenic acid and quercetin-3-D-galactoside could inhibit the thermal decomposition of TMAO in squid extract, which was associated with the scavenging of their free radicals. This result provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of blueberry leaf extract as an efficient FA inhibitor for aquatic products.

Download Full-text

Concentrations of Phenolic Acids Are Differently Genetically Determined in Leaves, Flowers, and Grain of Common Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10061142 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1142

Author(s):

Alena Vollmannová ◽

Janette Musilová ◽

Judita Lidiková ◽

Július Árvay ◽

Marek Šnirc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Phenolic Acids ◽

Sinapic Acid ◽

Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Common Buckwheat ◽

High Concentration ◽

Phenolic Substances ◽

Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) is a valuable source of proteins, B vitamins, manganese, tryptophan, phytochemicals with an antioxidant effect, and the natural flavonoid rutin. Due to its composition, buckwheat supports the human immune system, regulates blood cholesterol, and is suitable for patients with diabetes or celiac disease. The study aimed to compare the allocation of selected phenolic acids (neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, trans-caffeic acid, trans-p-coumaric acid, trans-sinapic acid, trans-ferulic acid) and flavonoids (rutin, vitexin, quercetin, kaempferol) in the leaves, flowers, and grain of buckwheat cultivars of different origin. The content of individual phenolics was determined by the HPLC-DAD method. The results confirmed the determining role of cultivar on the relative content of chlorogenic acid, trans-caffeic acid, trans-sinapic acid, vitexin, and kaempferol in buckwheat plants. A significantly negative correlation among concentrations of phenolic acids in different common buckwheat plant parts shows that there are different mechanisms of genetic influences on the concentration of phenolic substances in common buckwheat flowers, leaves, and grain. These differences should be taken into account when breeding buckwheat for a high concentration of selected phenolic substances.

Download Full-text

Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phenolics from Hibiscus sabdariffa Flowers: Method Development and Validation

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/foods_2020-07681 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Rohmah Nur Fathimah ◽

Widiastuti Setyaningsih ◽

Ceferino Carrera ◽

Miguel Palma

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Solvent Composition ◽

Positive Contribution ◽

Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽

Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Development And Validation

Phenolics are bioactive compounds already reported in Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle). The present study reports the development and validation of the analytical microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method for the determination of phenolic compounds in roselle flowers to establish their positive contribution to human health. Prior to the optimization, a study for identifying phenolic compounds revealed that chlorogenic acid, protocatechuic acid, caffeic acid, and rutin were presented in Roselle. Three factors affecting MAE, viz. temperature, solvent composition, and sample to solvent ratio, were optimized employing a Box-Behnken Design (BBD) in conjunction with response surface methodology (RSM). The maximum extraction recovery was achieved using the extraction temperature of 68 °C, solvent composition of 59% MeOH in water, and 20:1 solvent to sample ratio. The kinetics experiment confirmed full recoveries (92–119%) at 15 min. Subsequently, method validation showed a satisfactory result, including low detection limits from 0.219 mg L−1 (caffeic acid) to 0.374 mg L−1 (chlorogenic acid). Both precisions and accuracy met the acceptances by AOAC. Finally, the method was successfully applied to quantify phenolics in the two most common varieties of Roselle. Chlorogenic acid was found as the main phenolic compound in both varieties

Download Full-text

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGY AND PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS IN DIFFERENT POPULATIONS AND MORPHOTYPES OF DATURA INNOXIA MILL. AND DATURA METEL L. FROM PUNJAB PLAINS

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i1.27720 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 193 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mahinder Partap ◽

Raghbir Chand Gupta ◽

Saroj Kumar Pradhan

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Health Benefit ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Datura Innoxia ◽

Datura Metel ◽

Different Populations ◽

Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: Comparative analysis of morphology and phytochemical constituents in different populations and morphotypes of Datura innoxia Mill. and Datura metel L. from Punjab plains.Methods: Morphological analyses of different populations have been done. Methanol extracts of seeds and roots of different populations have been prepared and total phenols, flavonoid contents were measured through spectrophotometry. Antioxidant activity was studied by 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity and total antioxidant capacity. Two major compounds, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid were quantified by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analyses.Results: Two morphotypes of D. metel were reported in the present study. Out of five different populations of D. metel and D. innoxia, the wild populations have more bioactive compound as compared to the cultivated ones from the detailed phytochemical investigation. Pharmacologically important two marker compounds chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid has been identified and quantified by HPTLC technique.Conclusion: Variation in terms of morphology and secondary metabolites exists among the different populations of Datura spp. Among the two plant parts studied, seeds have the maximum amount of bioactive metabolites and antioxidant activity. This study revealed that chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid are the potential polyphenolic compounds in Datura spp. It has been found that the antioxidant activity of plant is due to its polyphenol contents, which provides insight to various researchers to work on it as it imparts health benefit.

Download Full-text

Anti-diabetes Constituents in Leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1000500123 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiang Zheng ◽

He Fan ◽

Kang Ting-Guo ◽

Dou De-Qiang ◽

Gai Kuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Analytical Method ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Hplc Method ◽

Smallanthus Sonchifolius ◽

Rp Hplc

The inhibitory effect of smallanthaditerpenic acids A, B, C and D previously isolated from leaves of Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon) on α-glucosidase were examined and their IC50 were determined to be 0.48 mg/mL, 0.59 mg/mL, 1.00 mg/mL, and 1.17 mg/mL respectively. In addition, a rapid, reliable RP-HPLC method for the analysis of chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and smallanthaditerpenic acids A and C in yacon leaves was established, and the variation in their contents in leaves from plants cultivated in different places and collected at different times of the year were compared. The established analytical method for determining smallanthaditerpenic acids A and C, chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid presented good results and could be used as a method for the quality control of S. sonchifolius leaves.

Download Full-text

Relevance and Standardization of In Vitro Antioxidant Assays: ABTS, DPPH, and Folin–Ciocalteu

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2018/4608405 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Helena Abramovič ◽

Blaž Grobin ◽

Nataša Poklar Ulrih ◽

Blaž Cigić

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Gallic Acid ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Epigallocatechin Gallate ◽

The Other ◽

Oh Groups ◽

Standard Compound

Trolox, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and ascorbic acid are antioxidants used as standards for reaction with chromogenic radicals, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH⋅) and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzotiazolin-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS⋅+), and Folin–Ciocalteu (FC) reagent. The number of exchanged electrons has been analyzed as function of method and solvent. A majority of compounds exchange more electrons in FC assay than in ABTS and DPPH assays. In reaction with chromogenic radicals, the largest number of electrons was exchanged in buffer (pH 7.4) and the lowest reactivity was in methanol (DPPH) and water (ABTS). At physiological pH, the number of exchanged electrons of polyphenols exceeded the number of OH groups, pointing to the important contribution of partially oxidized antioxidants, formed in the course of reaction, to the antioxidant potential. For Trolox, small impact on the number of exchanged electrons was observed, confirming that it is more suitable as a standard compound than the other antioxidants.

Download Full-text