A MEMS Thermal Biosensor for Metabolite Measurements

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
Qiao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Injection ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Metabolite Concentration ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Thin Membranes ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Heat Released

We present a MEMS differential thermal biosensor integrated with microfluidics for metabolite concentration measurements either in flow-injection or flow-through modes. The biosensor consists of two identical freestanding polymer thin membranes, resistive on-chip heaters, and a metal thermoelectric differential temperature sensor between the two membranes. Integrated with polymer microfluidic channels and chambers, the biosensor allows efficient handling and measurements of small volumes (~1 μl) of liquid samples. Calibrated with on-chip resistive heaters, the biosensor shows a sensitivity of 1.2 V/W and time constant of 0.58 s. Enzyme-functionalized beads are packed in the chambers and interacted with metabolite solutions. The heat released from the enzymatic reactions is detected by the temperature sensor and used to measure the metabolite concentration. The biosensor demonstrated a glucose concentration resolution of 0.12 mM for flow-injection mode, and 0.48 mM for flow-through mode with a flow rate of 0.5 ml/h. It is found that there exists an optimal flow rate that corresponds to the maximum thermopile output voltage when the biosensor works in the flow-through mode.

scholarly journals Versatile and Automated 3D Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Patterning for Large-Scale Fabrication of Organ-on-Chip (OOC) Components

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Nikolas Gaio ◽  
Sebastiaan Kersjes ◽  
William Quiros Solano ◽  
Pasqualina Sarro ◽  
Ronald Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Fabrication Process ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
3D Structures ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Ic Packaging ◽  
Thin Membranes ◽  
On Chip

We present a reproducible process to directly pattern 3-Dimensional (3D) polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) structures for Organ-on-Chips (OOC) via automated molding. The presented process employs a commercially available system from IC packaging improving the fabrication process for microfluidic channels and thin membranes, which are components frequently used in OOCs. The process removes the manual steps used previously in the fabrication of microfluidic channels and improves the control over the thickness of the PDMS layers. The process was also employed to fabricate and pattern thin PDMS membranes on silicon wafers, without the use of lithography and etching steps and in combination with 3D structures. The use of foil assisted molding techniques presented in this work is an important step toward the large-scale manufacturing of OOCs.

Portable plastic syringe as a self-actuated pump for long-distance uniform delivery of liquid inside a microchannel and its application for flow-through polymerase chain reaction on chip

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (16) ◽  
pp. 12071-12077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenming Wu ◽  
Kieu The Loan Trinh ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Nae Yoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Chip Flow ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Plastic Syringe ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
On Chip

A strategy for realizing self-actuated pumping with uniform flow rate over a long distance is introduced using hands-on operation of disposable syringe, and was applied for on-chip flow-through PCR inside a serpentine PMMA microchannel.

scholarly journals On-chip pressure measurements and channel deformation after oil absorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Hunter ◽  
Julia Gala de Pablo ◽  
Ashley C. Stammers ◽  
Neil H. Thomson ◽  
Stephen D. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Oil Absorption ◽  
Channel Deformation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
On Chip

Abstract Microfluidic channels moulded from the soft polymer poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) are widely used as a platform for mimicking biological environments, and can be used for the simulation of fluid filled structures such as blood and lung vessels. The control of pressure and flow rate within these structures is vital to mimic physiological conditions. The flexibility of PDMS leads to pressure-induced deformation under flow, leading to variable flow profiles along a device. Here, we investigate the change in Young’s modulus of microfluidic channels due to infiltration of mineral oil, a PDMS permeable fluid, and how this affects the resulting pressure profile using a novel pressure measurement method. We found a 53% decrease in Young’s modulus of PDMS due to mineral oil absorption over the course of 3 h accounted for lower internal pressure and larger channel deformation compared to fresh PDMS at a given flow rate. Confocal fluorescence microscopy used to image channel profiles before and after the introduction of mineral oil showed a change in pressure-induced deformation after infiltration of the oil. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanoindentation was used to measure Young’s modulus of PDMS before ($$2.80 \pm 0.03$$ 2.80 ± 0.03 MPa) and after ($$1.32 \pm 0.04$$ 1.32 ± 0.04 MPa) mineral oil absorption. Raman spectroscopy showed the infiltration of mineral oil into PDMS from channel walls and revealed the diffusion coefficient of mineral oil in PDMS.

Modeling and Characterization of MEMS Thermal Biosensors

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Wang ◽  
David M. Sipe ◽  
Qiao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Flow Injection ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Enzymatic Reaction ◽  
Injection Mode ◽  
Optimal Flow ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Heat Transfer Effects ◽  
Substrate Concentrations

In this paper, a closed-form analytical model, which considers the coupling of heat transfer effects and enzymatic reaction kinetics, is developed to describe the behavior of MEMS thermal biosensors for substrate detection either in flow-injection mode or flow-through mode. Simulation results show that the maximum thermopile output voltage is saturated at higher substrate concentrations for flow-injection mode. For flow-through mode, there exists an optimal flow rate which corresponds to the maximum thermopile output voltage. The optimal flow rate is inversely proportional to the concentration of the substrate involved in the reaction. A prototype MEMS thermal biosensor is fabricated and tested. The validity of the models is verified by comparison to the experimental results.

JOULE HEATING INDUCED HEAT TRANSFER IN ELECTROKINETIC FLOW THROUGH MICROFLUIDIC CHANNELS

Equipment ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Yang ◽  
G. Y. Tang ◽  
D. G. Yan ◽  
H. Q. Gong ◽  
John C. Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Joule Heating ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Electrokinetic Flow ◽  
Flow Through

Stabilization of the Speed of the Hydraulic Motor Through Throttle Compensation for Volume Losses

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Krasimir Kalev
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Pressure Change ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Inlet Pressure ◽  
Schematic Diagram ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Hydraulic Motor ◽  
Flow Through

AbstractA schematic diagram of a hydraulic drive system is provided to stabilize the speed of the working body by compensating for volumetric losses in the hydraulic motor. The diagram shows the inclusion of an originally developed self-adjusting choke whose flow rate in the inlet pressure change range tends to reverse - with increasing pressure the flow through it decreases. Dependent on the hydraulic characteristics of the hydraulic motor and the specific operating conditions.

Water Temperature Control Using PID Control System Based on LabVIEW

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Ari Ramadhani
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Pid Control ◽  
Temperature Sensor ◽  
Pid Controller ◽  
Current Flow ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Water Heater ◽  
Digital Thermometer ◽  
Flow Through

Abstract - Automatic system have grown widespread across all sector so do water heater. Traditionally, heating water is done by utilizing fire as heat source. As the growing of technology, the heating process could be done by manipulating electrical energy by convert it to heat. Electrical energy is flown to a metal rod that contact directly with the water which increase the water temperature. On some case, appropiate water temperature is needed. Altough, a thermometer is needed to read the actual temperature as a feedback value for the system and a system that can control the electricity current flow through the heater that the heat produced is linear to the current flow. With implementing microcontroller as a process node for generating PWM signal, this problem can be solved. Also, Labview is needed as an interface for monitoring and bursting an output which have been processed by Proportional, Integral, and Devivative (PID) controller to producing accurate and stable heat. Based on the results of testing, the system is able to provide a rapid response to any changes that occur, both changes in set-point and changes in water temperature (actual value). Another test is done by comparing the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in this device with an external digital thermometer placed in the same place, and from some of the tests the temperature value detected by the temperature sensor in this device has a difference of ± 0.19 ℃ with a digital thermometer. Keyword : Water Heater, Thermometer, Microcontroller, LabView, PID.

Study of fluid flow through a channel deformed by piezoelement

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.Sh. Nasibullayev ◽  
E.Sh Nasibullaeva ◽  
O.V. Darintsev
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Neumann Boundary ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Flow Through

The flow of a liquid through a tube deformed by a piezoelectric cell under a harmonic law is studied in this paper. Linear deformations are compared for the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions on the contact surface of the tube and piezoelectric element. The flow of fluid through a deformed channel for two flow regimes is investigated: in a tube with one closed end due to deformation of the tube; for a tube with two open ends due to deformation of the tube and the differential pressure applied to the channel. The flow rate of the liquid is calculated as a function of the frequency of the deformations, the pressure drop and the physical parameters of the liquid.

scholarly journals Integrated Magnetohydrodynamic Pump with Magnetic Composite Substrate and Laser-Induced Graphene Electrodes

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1113
Author(s):  
Mohammed Asadullah Khan ◽  
Jürgen Kosel
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Magnetic Composite ◽  
Propulsive Force ◽  
Closed Channel ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Composite Substrate ◽  
On Chip ◽  
High Level ◽  
Moving Parts

An integrated polymer-based magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) pump that can actuate saline fluids in closed-channel devices is presented. MHD pumps are attractive for lab-on-chip applications, due to their ability to provide high propulsive force without any moving parts. Unlike other MHD devices, a high level of integration is demonstrated by incorporating both laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes as well as a NdFeB magnetic-flux source in the NdFeB-polydimethylsiloxane permanent magnetic composite substrate. The effects of transferring the LIG film from polyimide to the magnetic composite substrate were studied. Operation of the integrated magneto hydrodynamic pump without disruptive bubbles was achieved. In the studied case, the pump produces a flow rate of 28.1 µL/min. while consuming ~1 mW power.

scholarly journals Design Methodology of Passive In-Line Relays for Molecular Communication in Flow-Induced Microfluidic Channel

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Puneet Manocha ◽  
Gitanjali Chandwani
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Microfluidic Channel ◽  
Microfluidic Channels ◽  
Molecular Communication ◽  
External Energy ◽  
Lab On Chip ◽  
Molecular Communication Systems ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
On Chip

Molecular communication is a bioinspired communication that enables macro-scale, micro-scale and nano-scale devices to communicate with each other. The molecular communication system is prone to severe signal attenuation, dispersion and delay, which leads to performance degradation as the distance between two communicating devices increases. To mitigate these challenges, relays are used to establish reliable communication in microfluidic channels. Relay assisted molecular communication systems can also enable interconnection among various entities of the lab-on-chip for sharing information. Various relaying schemes have been proposed for reliable molecular communication systems, most of which lack practical feasibility. Thus, it is essential to design and develop relays that can be practically incorporated into the microfluidic channel. This paper presents a novel design of passive in-line relay for molecular communication system that can be easily embedded in the microfluidic channel and operate without external energy. Results show that geometric modification in the microfluidic channel can act as a relay and restore the degraded signal up-to 28%.

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