Thermal Design and Analysis of Spacecraft During Flight Missions

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Farag ◽  
Essam E. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Thermal Control ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Low Earth Orbit ◽  
External Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Variable Space

Thermal control system (TCS) is one of the main systems in spacecraft, which guarantees the assigned thermal conditions of all subsystems and equipment during spacecraft (SC) lifetime, and partially participation in ground thermo-stating during testing. TCS is designed according to the calculation of SC thermal budget to estimate device panels’ ability for dissipation excess heat, which is emitted by SC equipment in process of nominal operation during maximum external heat flux. Calculating radiation surface areas of equipment panels is performed to reject heat dissipation. Estimating of SC panels cooling capacity during minimum external heat fluxes is required to calculate power of heaters. SC model in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) is created by thermal desktop program, in order to launch a parametric study of the variable space parameters which would effect on SC at the LEO.

Analytic Thermal Design of Bitter-Type Solenoids

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Birmingham ◽  
E. M. Bates ◽  
C. A. Romero-Talamás
Keyword(s):  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Baltimore County ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
University Of Maryland ◽  
Cooling Hole ◽  
Analytic Design ◽  
The University

We describe an analytic approach to designing axially water-cooled Bitter-type electromagnets with an emphasis on heat dissipation considerations. The design method here described aims to enhance the efficiency of the design process by minimizing the role of finite element analysis (FEA) software. A purely analytic design optimization scheme is prescribed for establishing the cooling hole placement. FEA software is only used to check the accuracy of analytic predictions. The analytic method derived in this paper predicts the required heat dissipation rate by approximating the volumetric joule heating profile with a smooth, continuous profile. Equations for turbulent convective heat transfer in circular ducts are generalized to model the cooling capacity of elongated cooling passages. This method is currently in use at the University of Maryland Baltimore County Dusty Plasma Laboratory to design a Bitter magnet capable of generating fields of 10 T.

scholarly journals Study on Water Cooling Performance of IGBT Module in Wind Power Converter

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Yang ◽  
Shengting Kuai ◽  
Zhe Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
Cooling Capacity ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Outlet Channel

Thermal design of IGBT is the key technology on wind power converter design. This paper introduced a theoretical calculation method of IGBT power loss which is applicable in wind power converter engineering applications. Meantime, the corresponding mathematic model was established. Considering the divergence of application environments as well as the characteristics of water-cooling heat dissipation, simulation models of two different inlet and outlet position radiators were built in Ansys software. And then the cooling capacity of these two types of radiators was analyzed though simulation. According to the simulation results, the ipsilateral inlet and outlet channel mode radiator was selected. After the sample production of the water cooling plate is completed, the experimental platform is built and the sample was verified. Finally, the experiment results indicated the rationality and practicability of the thermal design and simulation, which provided critical references of IGBT water cooling system design. In this paper, the performance of water cooling radiators is studied, which also provides a reference for the design of other high power electronic products.

Effects of Varying Geometrical Parameters on Boiling From Microfabricated Enhanced Structures

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ramaswamy ◽  
Y. Joshi ◽  
W. Nakayama ◽  
W. B. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Nucleate Boiling ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Wall Superheat

The current study involves two-phase cooling from enhanced structures whose dimensions have been changed systematically using microfabrication techniques. The aim is to optimize the dimensions to maximize the heat transfer. The enhanced structure used in this study consists of a stacked network of interconnecting channels making it highly porous. The effect of varying the pore size, pitch and height on the boiling performance was studied, with fluorocarbon FC-72 as the working fluid. While most of the previous studies on the mechanism of enhanced nucleate boiling have focused on a small range of wall superheats (0–4 K), the present study covers a wider range (as high as 30 K). A larger pore and smaller pitch resulted in higher heat dissipation at all heat fluxes. The effect of stacking multiple layers showed a proportional increase in heat dissipation (with additional layers) in a certain range of wall superheat values only. In the wall superheat range 8–13 K, no appreciable difference was observed between a single layer structure and a three layer structure. A fin effect combined with change in the boiling phenomenon within the sub-surface layers is proposed to explain this effect.

scholarly journals Study on the Convective Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow of Mini-Channel with High Aspect Ratio of Neutron Production Target

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 4020
Author(s):  
Peng Sun ◽  
Yiping Lu ◽  
Jianfei Tong ◽  
Youlian Lu ◽  
Tianjiao Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Neutron Production ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Test Channel ◽  
Production Target

In order to provide a theoretical basis for the thermal design of the neutron production target, flow and heat transfer characteristics are studied by using numerical simulations and experiments. A rectangular mini-channel experimental model consistent with the geometric shape of the heat dissipation structure of neutron production target was established, in which the aspect ratio and gap thickness of the test channel were 53.8:1 and 1.3 mm, respectively. The experimental results indicate that the critical Re of the mini-channel is between 3500 and 4000, and when Re reaches 21,000, Nu can reach 160. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental data, and the numerical simulation method can be used for the variable structure optimization design of the target in the later stage. The relationship between the flow pressure drop of the target mini-channel and the aspect ratio and Re is obtained by numerical simulation. The maximum deviation between the correlation and the experimental value is 6%.

scholarly journals Experimental and numerical investigation of heat dissipation from an electronic component in a closed enclosure

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
Bobin Saji George ◽  
M. Ajmal ◽  
S. R. Deepu ◽  
M. Aswin ◽  
D. Ribin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Dissipation ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Electronic Component ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Design Cycle

Intensifying electronic component power dissipation levels, shortening product design cycle times, and greater than before requirement for more compact and reliable electronic systems with greater functionality, has heightened the need for thermal design tools that enable accurate solutions to be generated and quickly assessed. The present numerical study aims at developing a computational tool in OpenFOAM that can predict the heat dissipation rate and temperature profile of any electronic component in operation. A suitable computational domain with defined aspect ratio is chosen. For analyzing, “buoyant Boussinesq Simple Foam“ solver available with OpenFOAM is used. It was modified for adapting to the investigation with specified initial and boundary conditions. The experimental setup was made with the dimensions taken up for numerical study. Thermocouples were calibrated and placed in specified locations. For different heat input, the temperatures are noted down at steady state and compared with results from the numerical study.

scholarly journals An approach to the modeling of a virtual thermal manikin

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1413-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragan Ruzic ◽  
Sinisa Bikic
Keyword(s):  
Turbulence Models ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Body Segments ◽  
Nominal Size ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Made In

The aim of the research described in this paper, is to make a virtual thermal manikin that would be simple, but also robust and reliable. The virtual thermal manikin was made in order to investigate thermal conditions inside vehicle cabins. The main parameters of the presented numerical model that were investigated in this paper are mesh characteristics and turbulence models. Heat fluxes on the manikin's body segments obtained from the simulations were compared with published results, from three different experiments done on physical thermal manikins. The presented virtual thermal manikin, meshed with surface elements of 0.035 m in nominal size (around 13,600 surface elements) and in conjunction with the two-layer RANS Realizable k-? turbulence model, had generally good agreement with experimental data in both forced and natural flow conditions.

Boiling Enhanced Lidded Server Packages for Two-Phase Immersion Cooling Using 3D Metal Printing and Metal Injection Molding Technologies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Chuang ◽  
Jin Yang ◽  
David Shia ◽  
Y L Li
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Metal Injection Molding ◽  
Electronic Packages ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Immersion Cooling ◽  
Metal Printing ◽  
3D Metal Printing

Abstract In order to meet increasing performance demand from high-performance computing (HPC) and edge computing, thermal design power (TDP) of CPU and GPU needs to increase. This creates thermal challenge to corresponding electronic packages with respect to heat dissipation. In order to address this challenge, two-phase immersion cooling is gaining attention as its primary mode of heat of removal is via liquid-to-vapor phase change, which can occur at relatively low and constant temperatures. In this paper, integrated heat spreader (IHS) with boiling enhancement features is proposed. 3D metal printing and metal injection molding (MIM) are the two approaches used to manufacture the new IHS. The resultant IHS with enhancement features are used to build test vehicles (TV) by following standard electronic package assembly process. Experimental results demonstrated that boiling enhanced TVs improved two-phase immersion cooling capability by over 50% as compared to baseline TV without boiling enhanced features.

Design of Optimum Plate-Fin Natural Convective Heat Sinks

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avram Bar-Cohen ◽  
Madhusudan Iyengar ◽  
Allan D. Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Nusselt Number ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Rectangular Plate ◽  
Heat Sink ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Thermal Design ◽  
Heat Sinks ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Nusselt Number Correlation ◽  
The Impact

The effort described herein extends the use of least-material single rectangular plate-fin analysis to multiple fin arrays, using a composite Nusselt number correlation. The optimally spaced least-material array was also found to be the globally best thermal design. Comparisons of the thermal capability of these optimum arrays, on the basis of total heat dissipation, heat dissipation per unit mass, and space claim specific heat dissipation, are provided for several potential heat sink materials. The impact of manufacturability constraints on the design and performance of these heat sinks is briefly discussed.

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