Forecasting the Long-Term Viability of an Enterprise: The Case of a Minor League Baseball Franchise

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thomas Yokum ◽  
Juan J. Gonzalez ◽  
Tom Badgett
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minor League Baseball ◽  
Minor League ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Diffusion Curves

We are interested in forecasting or predicting the long-term viability of a minor league baseball team. The research question is whether this minor league team will be successful in attracting attendance over an extended period of time. An important financial issue is if the team is predicted to fail, then exactly how long will it last? A variety of methods are used in a step-by-step procedure to evaluate this viability. We first test whether attendance is evolving or stable through a unit root test, a test of market persistence. We then use the Bass model to assess whether the projected product life cycle is turning up or down. The Gompertz and logistic (Pearl) diffusion curves are next applied to home stand data of various lengths in order to make forecasts of an eventual dissolution point at which the team would financially collapse. Market saturation is not estimated, but set at the stadium capacity. Forecasting principles involving diffusion models are implemented. Analogies are used as a complementary forecasting technique to assess whether there is long-term potential for survival. Finally, logistic regression on cross-sectional data is used to supplement the forecasts. The results of the triangulation of diffusion curves, analogies, and logistic regression predict a decline in the minor league team’s ability to capture attendance.

scholarly journals Fatigue among Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors: A Controlled Cross-Sectional Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301
Author(s):  
Saskia W. M. C. Maass ◽  
Daan Brandenbarg ◽  
Liselotte M. Boerman ◽  
Peter F. M. Verhaak ◽  
Geertruida H. de Bock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression

Background: Fatigue is the most common and persistent symptom among women in the first five years after a breast cancer diagnosis. However, long-term prevalence of fatigue, among breast cancer survivors, needs further investigation. Aim: To compare fatigue experienced by long-term breast cancer survivors with that in a reference population and to evaluate the determinants of that fatigue. Design and Setting: A cross-sectional cohort study of 350 breast cancer survivors ≥5 years after diagnosis and a reference population of 350 women matched by age and general practitioner. Method: Fatigue was measured using the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), and a sum score of >60 (multidimensional fatigue) was the primary outcome. Logistic regression was applied to compare the prevalence of multidimensional fatigue between the survivor and reference populations, adjusted for body mass index (BMI) and for cardiovascular and psychological variables. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were estimated. Logistic regression was applied to evaluate the determinants of multidimensional fatigue among the survivors. Results: Breast cancer survivors (median 10 years after diagnosis), more often experienced multidimensional fatigue than the reference population (26.6% versus 15.4%; OR, 2.0 [95%CI, 1.4–2.9]), even after adjusting for confounders. The odds of multidimensional fatigue were also higher among survivors with symptoms of depression (32.2% versus 2.7%; OR, 17.0 [95%CI, 7.1–40.5]) or anxiety (41.9% versus 10.1%; OR, 6.4 [95%CI, 3.6–11.4]). Conclusion: One in four breast cancer survivors experience multidimensional fatigue and fatigue occurs more frequently than in women of the same age and general practitioner. This fatigue appears to be associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety.

The Tallahassee BeanCounters: A Problem-Based Learning Case in Forensic Auditing

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Durtschi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Information Use ◽  
Minor League Baseball ◽  
Minor League ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Baseball Team ◽  
A Minor

You are auditing the books of the Tallahassee BeanCounters (TBC), a minor league baseball team in Tallahassee, Florida. During your audit the team's owner, Franklin Kennedy, approaches you and offers an additional fee if you will quietly investigate the possibility of fraud within the firm. Mr. Kennedy reports that he received an anonymous tip and, based on that information, believes that someone within the firm could be perpetrating fraud. Your task is to use the information given here (the financial books and back-up documents) as a starting point for your investigation. From that starting point, use creativity and investigative skills to determine what other information you need. After obtaining requested information, use all the material you have gathered to determine whether fraud was committed. To completely solve a fraud, you must show the following: who committed the fraud, how it was committed, that it was intentional (not error), the economic impact of the fraud, and that it was your suspect who gained financially from the fraud.

Increasing Baseball Revenue from the Female Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Mark Dodds ◽  
Larry DeGaris ◽  
Alan L. Morse ◽  
Luisa Velez-Colon ◽  
David Perricone
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Research ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Target Audience ◽  
Marketing Plan ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Minor League Baseball ◽  
Minor League ◽  
Gender Similarities ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Baseball Fans

Claire Monroe was challenged to increase a minor league baseball team’s revenue and was in charge of developing a marketing plan to target female baseball fans. This would be a new target market for the team. The increasing female fan base can create revenue for baseball franchises through ticket, merchandise, and concession sales, as well as connecting with sponsors who specifically target female customers. Although there are many gender similarities in regards to fan avidity, there are important differences between the sexes in terms of motivation, media, and merchandise needs. Claire must research the target audience, analyze marketing research data, and make recommendations to increase female attendance to have those women spend more money on baseball-related items.

scholarly journals From Hopelessness to Expectation: An Interview with Christopher Cabaldon, Mayor of West Sacramento

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Monika Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Capital City ◽  
State University ◽  
Minor League Baseball ◽  
Residential Neighborhood ◽  
Minor League ◽  
Master Of Public Policy ◽  
Baseball Team ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Us Census ◽  
The City

Christopher Cabaldon is the mayor of West Sacramento, a small town just over the river from California’s capital city, Sacramento. Mayor Cabaldon received his Master of Public Policy and Administration (MPPA) in 1994 as part of the inaugural class of the program at California State University, Sacramento. He first became mayor of West Sacramento in 1998, and he was the first mayor directly elected by the citizens of West Sacramento in 2004.West Sacramento is growing rapidly. Since 2000, the population has increased by over 50 percent, nearly reaching 50,000 at the time of the 2010 US Census. Changes in West Sacramento have come from the development of Southport, a new master-planned residential neighborhood on the south side of the city, as well as infill development in the center of town and in established neighborhoods. Retail has also moved into West Sacramento where there previously had been very little, anchored by Ikea and Target. In 2000, the River Cats, a minor league baseball team, came to town and moved into a new stadium in West Sacramento.On March 13, Mayor Cabaldon spoke with Monika Jansen of Policy Perspectives over the phone to discuss his MPPA, executive leadership and democracy at the city level, his TEDx Talk from 2014, and his vision for West Sacramento.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Minimum Acceptable Diet in 6–11-Month-Old Indonesian Children Using the 2017 IDHS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 1403-1412
Author(s):  
Eurika Zebadia ◽  
Trias Mahmudiono ◽  
Dominikus Raditya Atmaka ◽  
Mira Dewi ◽  
Siti Helmyati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

BACKGROUND: Inadequate complementary feeding practices are known to contribute to children’s nutritional status. A minimum acceptable diet (MAD) is one of the simple, valid, and reliable indicators to assess complementary feeding practices in 6–23-month-old children on food diversity and meal frequency. Based on the UNICEF data, the MAD of 6–11 months in Indonesia was 26.3% in 2017 and the lowest compared to other groups. Hence, this study research question is posing toward several factors associated with the low MAD among 6–11 months infant. AIM: This study aimed to determine factors associated with MAD in 6–11-month-old children in Indonesia. METHODS: This study was a secondary analysis using the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. This is a cross-sectional study involving 17,848 children in Indonesia. Final sample to be analyzed were 1,441 children of 6–11-month-old. Logistic regression model was applied to identify the significant risk factors associated with MAD. RESULTS: The result showed that the prevalence of MAD in this study is 29%. From the multivariate logistic regression, wealth index, television ownership, and mother’s occupation were significantly associated with MAD of 6–11-month-old children in Indonesia. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, factors associated with MAD among 6–11-month-old children were wealth index, television ownership, and mother’s occupation.

Effect of Forearm Position on Glenohumeral External Rotation Measurements in Baseball Players

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812110329
Author(s):  
W. Ben Kibler ◽  
Aaron Sciascia ◽  
John Stuart Mattison Pike ◽  
Michael Howell ◽  
Kevin E. Wilk
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Minor League Baseball ◽  
Minor League ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Motion Measurements ◽  
Throwing Motion

Background: Alterations in glenohumeral internal rotation (GIR), glenohumeral external rotation (GER), and the total arc of motion (TAM) have been linked with increased injury risk in the shoulder and elbow. These motions have been routinely measured with the forearm in neutral rotation (GIRN, GERN, TAMN). GER capacity appears to be especially important. The throwing motion, however, requires forearm pronation as GER occurs to achieve optimal cocking (GERP). No previous studies have evaluated GERP to determine GER capacity or pronated TAM (TAMP) values. Hypothesis: There would be significant differences between GERN and TAMN and between GERP and TAMP. Study Design: Cross-sectional. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: Sixty asymptomatic male Minor League Baseball players (32 pitchers, 28 position players) participated in the study and were tested on the first day of spring training. Passive range of motion measurements were recorded using a long-arm bubble goniometer for GIRN, GERN, and GERP on both arms. TAM was calculated separately as the sum of internal and external rotational measurements under neutral and pronated conditions. Results: Within pitchers and position players, all measurements were statistically reduced for the throwing arm ( P ≤ 0.03) except for GERN of the pitchers. GERP measures were significantly less than GERN for both arms of each group ( P < 0.01): pitchers throwing arm +11.8°/nonthrowing arm +4.8°, position players throwing arm = +8.6°/nonthrowing arm +4.0°. Conclusion: The forearm position of pronation, which appears to be mediated by tightness of the biceps, decreases GER capacity and TAM. GER and TAM should be calculated in neutral and pronated positions, considering that 80% of the players have a demonstrated difference between 8° and 12°. Clinical Relevance: Measurement of GERP more accurately reflects the GER required in throwing, allows better quantification of the motion capacity necessary to withstand the loads in throwing, and may suggest interventions for at risk athletes.

scholarly journals Side Effects and Determinant of the Use of 3-Month Contraceptive Injection

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27
Author(s):  
Sari Priyanti ◽  
Agustin Dwi Syalfina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Menstrual Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Estrogen Effect

Acceptor of contraceptive injection increased from 11.7% to 27.8% since 2010-2013. Contraceptive injection of Depo Medroxy Progesterone Acetate (DMPA) is given every 3 months by intramuscular. The long-term use of 3-month contraceptive injetion for more than two years can cause side effects such as menstrual disorders and decreased libido due to accumulation of progesterone hormone in the body that suppressed estrogen effect. This study aimed to analyze the association in long-term use of 3-month contraceptive injetion with menstrual disorders and decreased libido in Puskesmas (Primary health care) Puri, Mojokerto Regency in 2016. The study was observational analytics with cross sectional approach with sample 73 contraceptive acceptors. The data were analyzed by using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis with logistic regression and multivariate general model. The results showed that the duration of use of 3-month contraceptive injetion was significant with side effect of menstrual disorders (PR=0.142; 95%CI: 0.040-0.502) and decreased libido (PR=0.275; 95%CI: 0.100-0.756). Conclusion: menstrual disorders and decreased libido associated with the duration of use of 3-month contraceptive injetion.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Analysis Of Baseball Ballistics

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Komm
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Prior Knowledge ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Minor League Baseball ◽  
Car Seat ◽  
Minor League ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Forensic Engineering ◽  
A Minor

In 1998, A Baseball Traveled From A Minor-League Baseball Practice Area Into An Adjacent Parking Lot, Ultimately Striking A Six-Week Old Infant Being Placed Into A Car Seat. The Issue Of Appropriate Fence Heights Was Raised By The Infant Family. The Forensic Engineering Analysis Included Analysis Of The Baseball Flight Dynamics, The Application Of Statistical Analysis And The Design Of Sports Facilities. During Discovery, Prior Knowledge Of Similar Baseball Flight Paths Was Brought To Light, Presenting Challenges To The Defense.

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