Effects of Assigned versus Participant-Set Goals on Skill Acquisition and Retention of a Selected Shooting Task

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ann Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Specific Goal ◽  
Retention Trial

This study investigated the effect of three goal-setting conditions on skill acquisition and retention of a selected shooting task. Utilizing a two-stage random-sampling technique, nine classes (N=138 subjects) were assigned to one of three conditions: (a) assigned specific goals, (b) participant-set specific goals, and (c) generalized do-your-best goals. The pretest and five skill acquisition trials were analyzed in a 3×6 (Goal groups × Trials) MANOVA design with repeated measures on the last factor. The procedure for the retention trial resulted in a 3×1 (Goal groups × Trial) ANOVA design. Results indicated a significant groups-by-trials interaction. The follow-up analyses revealed that the two specific goal-setting groups (assigned and participant-set goals) were significantly superior to the do-your-best group during the second, fourth, fifth, and retention trials.

The Effects of Three Types of Goal Setting Conditions on Tennis Performance: A Field-Based Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ann Boyce ◽  
Thomas Johnston ◽  
Valerie K. Wayda ◽  
Linda K. Bunker ◽  
John Eliot
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Self ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Baseline Performance

Utilizing a two-stage random sampling technique, this study investigated the effect of three types of goal setting conditions (self-set, instructor-set, and “do your best” control) on tennis serving performance of college students (N = 156) in nine beginning tennis classes. A 3 × 2 × 5 (goal setting conditions × gender × trials) ANCOVA with repeated measures on the last factor and baseline performance as the covariate was computed. A significant interaction of goal setting conditions by trials was revealed (p < .003) with follow-up procedures favoring the instructor-set and self-set goal groups over the “do your best" group at the second and fourth trials. Further, at trial two, the instructor-set group was statistically superior to the self-set group. From this significant interaction, it appeared that the instructor-set and self-set goals enhanced students’ performance on the tennis serving task.

The Effects of Goal Proximity on Skill Acquisition and Retention of a Shooting Task in a Field-Based Setting

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Ann Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Specific Goal ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Main Effects

This study investigated the effect of goal proximity on skill acquisition and retention of a selected shooting task. Twelve classes (n=181) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (a) short-term goals, (b) a long-term goal, (c) short-term plus long-term goals, and (d) do-your-best goals. The pretest and six skill acquisition/retention trials were analyzed in a 4×2×6 (Goal Groups × Gender × Trials) MANCOVA design with repeated measures on the last factor and with the pretest as the covariate. Results of a multivariate F test revealed significant main effects for goal groups, gender, and trials. Post hoc tests indicated that the three specific goal-setting groups were superior to the do-your-best group. Males were statistically superior to females in the shooting task. The follow-up tests on trials revealed that as trials progressed, shooting performance improved significantly.

The Effect of Instructor-Set Goals upon Skill Acquisition and Retention of a Selected Shooting Task

1990 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ann Boyce
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Performance Goals ◽  
Performance Goal ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pretest Trial ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Retention Trial

This study investigated the effect of instructor-set performance goals on skill acquisition and retention of a selected shooting task. Utilizing a modified two-stage sampling technique, six classes (90 potential subjects) were assigned to one of two conditions: with instructor-set performance goals or without instructor-set performance goals. Subjects received a pretest trial, five skill acquisition trials, and a retention trial on a selected shooting task (kneeling). The results indicated that the performance-goal group was significantly more effective than the non-performance-goal group. There was a significant difference across trials. Further, there was a significant interaction effect, and when follow-up tests were applied the results indicated that the group who received the instructor-stated performance goals was significantly better than the non-performance-goal group during Trials 2-5 and the retention trials. The findings are related to how performance goals affect skill acquisition and retention.

scholarly journals Early Repair of Anterior and Distal Hypospadias is less Cmplicable than Delayed Repair

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-72
Author(s):  
Golam Kibria ◽  
Md Ansar Ali ◽  
Kaniz Hasina ◽  
Sharifuzzaman ◽  
Imdadul Hoque Raju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Delayed Repair ◽  
Group A ◽  
Distal Hypospadias ◽  
Group B

Background: Evaluation of the result of early and delayed repair of anterior and distal penile hypospadias. A total number of 144 patients of anterior and distal penile hypospadias with/without chordee were evaluated by follow up study in our hospital and private hospital from January 2010 to July 2013. Redo cases, complex hypospadias and proximal hypospadias were excluded. Simple Random sampling technique was followed to the patients were grouped into Group-A (72 patients) and Group-B(72 patients) on the basis of age of the patients. Both Group-A, age between 6 to 18 months and Group-B, more than 18 month to 14 years were operated by Snodgrass procedure. We did follow up 12- 24 months postoperatvely. It can be recommended for repair of anterior and distal penile hypospadias within 6 to 18 months whenever the question of post urethroplasty cosmosis, wound disruption and formation of urethra cutaneous fistula.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, December 2015, Vol.7(2); 69-72

scholarly journals MINAT BACA MASYARAKAT PENGUNJUNG PERPUSTAKAAN DAERAH PROPINSI SUMATERA BARAT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firman
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
The People ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

This study aimed to show that : (1) reading interested of the library’s visitors, (2) utilizing the library by people who visits it, and (3) to attain the improvement of reading interested in the school and public. This studied is descriptive study and the population is the society that using “Layanan Perpustakaan Daerah Propinsi Sumaera Barat” The sampling using “Two Stage Cluster Random Sampling Technique”. The collecting data using questionnaire . The data is analyzed descriptively by using percentage. Based on this study it showed that: (1) the people who visits that library have not yet reading interested optimally toward the collection in the library, and (2) Most of people who visits that library only one day a week.The collection have not utilized yet by people who visits the library.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN UMPAN BALIK REKAMAN VIDEO DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MICRO TEACHING MAHASISWA

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (X) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochtar M Noor
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Education Faculty ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

This experimental research aimed at finding out the impact of video recorded feedback on and motivation to the learning achiement in microteaching. The research was conducted at Teachers Education Faculty of Prof. Dr. Hamka in Jakarta. The research samples were selected ny apllying two stage cluster random sampling technique to obtain 60 students from two classes. The results of the research approved the hypotheis that the video taped feedback and motivation had positive impact to the learning achievement in microteaching.

scholarly journals The level of social adjustment of students to the school environment in preventing brawls

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
Desi Puspita Sari ◽  
Syahniar Syahniar ◽  
Yeni Karneli
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Adjustment Scale

One of the tasks of development in adolescents is social adjustment to the environment which is the school environment. Frequently, adolescents have problems in making social adjustments because this is one of the difficult tasks of adolescent development. If this condition is left, the teen will experience problems. Based on the existing phenomena, there are still students who have not been able to make social adjustments to the school environment so that such things can make students do deviant behavior like brawls. Fighting itself is a fight between groups. The population in this research was the student of SMK Negeri Padang which 140 students were chosen as the sample of the research. The sampling technique used was a purposive random sampling, and the data collection tools used the Social Adjustment Scale (SPS). The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods with data processing using SPSS version 22. The results revealed that social adjustments in brawl prevention were classified as low (50.7%). Then, in the average, there was 38.6%, and in the high category, there was 10.7 %. Based on the results obtained, a follow-up can be carried out by making a guide to improve students' social adjustment to the school environment in preventing brawl.

scholarly journals Goal Setting Among Adolescents in Relation to Parental Involvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmeet Kaur Bedi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Involvement ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Practical Implications

Goal setting is an incredible strategy or instrument for assisting understudies with giving a strong establishment to upgrading their presentation. By understanding what he/she needs to accomplish throughout everyday life, understudies/youths may know where they need to think and what is to improve. On the off chance that teenagers/understudies can set very much characterized objectives, they can gauge and invest wholeheartedly in the accomplishment of those objectives. The main undertaking before an educator or instructor or parent is to help the understudies in defining transient objectives and long haul objectives. Objective setting gives self-assurance and inspiration to the understudy which is a fundamental key to improve or raise execution. Goal setting is a psychological cycle that includes setting up of explicit destinations, estimations and methodology to accomplish the objective, which likewise remembers the technique alteration for terms of the input or blunder made. The main objective of the study was to examine goal setting among adolescents in relation to parental involvement. To accomplish the objective, Goal Setting Scale developed by the investigator and Parental Involvement Scale by Dr. Sangeeta Tramma, 1998 were adopted. Matrials and metods: The descriptive survey method was employed for the present investigation. The sample consists of 464 adolescents studied in CBSE affiliated schools of Ludhiana district of Punjab. Data has been collected from students of 9th and 10th class whose parents are graduates or undergraduates. The sample was further categorized into male and female students. Sample has been drawn by employing simple random sampling technique, Stratified random sampling technique, purposive sampling technique and systematic random sampling technique. Results: Findings of the study reveal significant relationship between goal setting among adolescents and dimensions of parental involvement; significant relationship between goal setting among male adolescents and dimensions of parental involvement and significant relationship between goal setting among female adolescents and dimensions of parental involvement. Conclusion: The study has practical implications for students to set goals before doing any educational and vocational tasks or activities; study also has practical implications for parents to provide such environment that will help their child in setting goals and it will also helpful for teachers and educational administrators in organizing such activities and programmes that ensures parent’s involvement in their child’s goal setting.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KETIDAKPATUHAN MINUM OBAT SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN FILARIASIS DI KOTA PEKALONGAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Harfaina Harfaina ◽  
Suharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Djoko Trihadi Lukmono ◽  
Mateus Sakundarno
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Brugia Malayi ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

Filariasis adalah penyakit infeksi yang disebabkan oleh cacing Wuchereria Bancrofti, Brugia Malayi, dan Brugia Timori yang menyebabkan cairan limfe tidak dapat tersalurkan dengan baik sehingga menyebabkan pembengkakan pada tungkai dan lengan. Meskipun tidak ada penyebab kematian tetapi menyebabakan cacat permanen dan stigma sosial. Eliminasi Filariasis dilakukan dengan Program Pengobatan Massal ke seluruh penduduk di daerah endemis setahun sekali selama 5 tahun. Keberhasilan program ini memerlukan kepatuhan minum obat pencegahan filariasis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketidakpatuhan minum obat sebagai upaya pencegahan filariasis. Penelitian ini Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah penduduk berusia 15-65 tahun di dua kelurahan endemis yaitu kelurahan kuripan kertoharjo dan kelurahan jenggot selama mei-juli 2018. Sampel dalam penelitian ini 80 kasus dan 80 kontrol dengan teknik cluster random sampling. Variabel yang terbukti berpengaruh yaitu persepsi kerentanan negatif (OR=4,093) 95%CI=1,356-12,350 dan self efficacy negatif (OR=30,298) 95%CI=8,986-102,156. Persepsi kerentanan negatif dan self efficacy negatif merupakan faktor perilaku yang mempengaruhi ketidakpatuhan minum obat pencegahan filariasis. Diharapkan ada penelitian lanjutan tentang ketidakpatuhan minum obat pencegahan filariasis bukan berwujud persepsi tetapi dengan pengukuran faktor lingkungan sosial secara objektif dengan melakukan intervensi berupa perubahan perilaku.   Kata kunci : Filariasis, Ketidakpatuhan, Minum Obat, Mix Method   FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE DRINKING DRUG PREVENTION NON COMPLIANCE OF FILARIASIS IN PEKALONGAN CITY   ABSTRACT Filariasis is an infectious disease caused by worms Wuchereria Bancrofti, Brugia Malayi, and Brugia Timori, adult worm lives and damage reulting in blockage of lymph channels, causing swelling of the legs and arms. Although no cause of death but causes permanent disability and social stigma. Filariasis elimination done with the Mass Treatment Program to the entire population in endemic areas a year for 5 year. Succesfully this program required a medication adherence. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that influence drug disobedience as an effort to prevent filariasis. This study uses a mix method. The population in this study were residents aged 15-65 years in two endemic villages, namely kuripan kertoharjo and jenggot villages during May-July 2018. Samples in this study were 80 cases and 80 controls with cluster random sampling technique. Variables that proved influential were perceptions of negative vulnerability (OR = 4,093) 95% CI = 1,356-12,350 and negative self efficacy (OR = 30,298) 95% CI = 8,986-102,156. Negative vulnerability perceptions and negative self efficacy are behavioral factors that influence non-compliance with filariasis prevention drugs. It is expected that further research on non-compliance with taking drugs to prevent filariasis is not a form of perception but objective measurement of social environmental factors by intervening in the form of behavior change.   Keywords: Filariasis, Noncompliance, Medication, Mix Method

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