scholarly journals Seroprevalence of anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in Kenyan blood donors

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 371 (6524) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Uyoga ◽  
Ifedayo M. O. Adetifa ◽  
Henry K. Karanja ◽  
James Nyagwange ◽  
James Tuju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
First Case ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Case Based

The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Africa is poorly described. The first case of SARS-CoV-2 in Kenya was reported on 12 March 2020, and an overwhelming number of cases and deaths were expected, but by 31 July 2020, there were only 20,636 cases and 341 deaths. However, the extent of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in the community remains unknown. We determined the prevalence of anti–SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G among blood donors in Kenya in April–June 2020. Crude seroprevalence was 5.6% (174 of 3098). Population-weighted, test-performance-adjusted national seroprevalence was 4.3% (95% confidence interval, 2.9 to 5.8%) and was highest in urban counties Mombasa (8.0%), Nairobi (7.3%), and Kisumu (5.5%). SARS-CoV-2 exposure is more extensive than indicated by case-based surveillance, and these results will help guide the pandemic response in Kenya and across Africa.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence in blood donors located in three different federal states, Germany, March to June 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Fischer ◽  
Cornelius Knabbe ◽  
Tanja Vollmer
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Federal States ◽  
German Federal States

Most cases of coronavirus disease 2019 are mild or asymptomatic. Therefore, many cases remain unrecorded. We determined seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in 3,186 regular blood donors in three German federal states between 9 March and 3 June 2020. The IgG seroprevalence was 0.91% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58–1.24) overall, ranging from 0.66% (95% CI: 0.13–1.19) in Hesse to 1.22% (95% CI: 0.33–2.10) in Lower-Saxony.

scholarly journals Changes in Cytomegalovirus Seroprevalence Among U.S. Children Aged 1–5 Years: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly R Petersen ◽  
Eshan U Patel ◽  
Alison G Abraham ◽  
Thomas C Quinn ◽  
Aaron A R Tobian
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
National Health ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Prevalence Difference ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Us Children

Abstract Data from the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) indicate that the seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies among US children aged 1–5 years was 20.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.0, 29.0) in 2011–2012 and 28.2% (95% CI: 23.1–34.0) in 2017–2018 (adjusted prevalence difference, +7.6% [95% CI: −.4, +15.6]).

scholarly journals Prevalence of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Evaluation of a Rapid MEDsan IgG Test in Children Seeking Medical Care

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klara M Posfay-Barbe ◽  
Diego O Andrey ◽  
Julien Virzi ◽  
Patrick Cohen ◽  
Fiona Pigny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Seropositivity Rate

Abstract In 208 children seeking medical care, the seropositivity rate of anti–SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was 8.7%, suggesting an infection rate similar to that observed in adults but >100-fold the incidence of RT-PCR–confirmed pediatric cases. Compared with the gold-standard combined ELISA + immunofluorescence, the MEDsan IgG rapid diagnostic test performed accurately.

Accuracy of Case-Based Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Maricopa County, Arizona

2022 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Megan Jehn ◽  
Urvashi Pandit ◽  
Susanna Sabin ◽  
Camila Tompkins ◽  
Jessica White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Health Reporting ◽  
Maricopa County ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Representative Sampling ◽  
Public Health Reporting ◽  
Case Based

We conducted a community seroprevalence survey in Arizona, from September 12 to October 1, 2020, to determine the presence of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We used the seroprevalence estimate to predict SARS-CoV-2 infections in the jurisdiction by applying the adjusted seroprevalence to the county’s population. The estimated community seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections was 4.3 times greater (95% confidence interval = 2.2, 7.5) than the number of reported cases. Field surveys with representative sampling provide data that may help fill in gaps in traditional public health reporting. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(1):38–42. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306568 )

scholarly journals High Prevalence of the CD14-159CC Genotype in Patients Infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Associated Coronavirus

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1644-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang F. Yuan ◽  
Ingrid Boehm ◽  
Paul K. S. Chan ◽  
Katherine Marks ◽  
Julian W. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Gene Polymorphism ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Cd14 Gene

ABSTRACT To investigate whether genetic factors of innate immunity might influence susceptibility and/or progression in individuals infected with SARS, we evaluated the CD14 gene polymorphism in 198 Hong Kong blood donors and 152 Hong Kong severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients who were previously genotyped for FcγRIIA polymorphisms. The prevalence of the CD14-159CC polymorphism was significantly higher in the patients with severe SARS than in the those with mild SARS or controls (31% versus 15% [mild SARS] or 20% [controls]; mild SARS: P = 0.029; odds ratio, 2.74; 95% confidence interval, 1.15 to 6.57; controls, P = 0.04; odds ratio, 2.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 5.54), and both CD14-159CC and FcγRIIA-RR131 are risk genotypes for severe SARS-CoV infection.

scholarly journals Pertussis surveillance by small serosurveys of blood donors

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (14) ◽  
pp. 1807-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kennerknecht ◽  
M. Riffelmann ◽  
U. Voelker ◽  
C. H. Wirsing von König
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Toxin ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Cheap Method ◽  
Immunosorbent Assays ◽  
Observation Period

AbstractSerosurveys have established data about the distribution of immunoglobulin G (IgG)-antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT) in various populations. We tried to detect whether small serosurveys in blood donors could serve as a simple and inexpensive means to collect information about the circulation ofBordetella pertussis. We screened every donation in 307 adult blood donors aged 19–69 years for IgG-anti-PT by standardised enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and the donors were followed between 2014 and 2016 for a total of 426 person-years. When we used a vertical survey with cut-offs of 100, 62.5 and 40 IU/ml, respectively, as an indicator for recent contacts withB. pertussis, nine (2.9%), 22 (7.2%) and 54 (17.6%) of donors had IgG-anti-PT titres above the respective levels. During the horizontal observation period of 426 person years, six significant increases and two conversions were found, which lead to an estimate of 1878 contacts/100.000 person-years (1.9% per year). Median and mean IgG-anti-PT concentrations remained relatively stable from year to year during the observation period. Our findings show that small serosurveys of blood donors offer a simple and cheap method for the surveillance ofB. pertussis.

scholarly journals Duration of antibody responses following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Jiang ◽  
Xiuqi Wei ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Guiling Li
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Chi Square

Abstract Background Little is known on the duration of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in patients following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Aims We aimed to determine the duration of the immunoglobulin G (IgG) and M (IgM) antibody responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection and to evaluate the risk factors for a short duration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. Methods We measured antibody responses in 94 patients who had recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection. The chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify risk factors for a short duration (< 6 months) of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. Results IgG antibodies were detectable in all patients until 4 months; 19 (21.8%) convalescent patients reverted to IgG negative 4–6 months after symptom onset. IgM antibodies decreased significantly to 5.7% at 4–6 months after symptom onset. Patient characteristics were not associated with a short duration of detectable IgG. Conclusions A substantial fraction of convalescents may exhibit a transient IgG response following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our findings suggest that patients who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection should also be vaccinated if their anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies are undetectable.

scholarly journals Three-quarters attack rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the Brazilian Amazon during a largely unmitigated epidemic

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 371 (6526) ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis F. Buss ◽  
Carlos A. Prete ◽  
Claudia M. M. Abrahim ◽  
Alfredo Mendrone ◽  
Tassila Salomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Attack Rate ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Amazonas State

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread rapidly in Manaus, the capital of Amazonas state in northern Brazil. The attack rate there is an estimate of the final size of the largely unmitigated epidemic that occurred in Manaus. We use a convenience sample of blood donors to show that by June 2020, 1 month after the epidemic peak in Manaus, 44% of the population had detectable immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Correcting for cases without a detectable antibody response and for antibody waning, we estimate a 66% attack rate in June, rising to 76% in October. This is higher than in São Paulo, in southeastern Brazil, where the estimated attack rate in October was 29%. These results confirm that when poorly controlled, COVID-19 can infect a large proportion of the population, causing high mortality.

scholarly journals Recombinant Protein-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunochromatographic Tests for Detection of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus in SARS Patients

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Guan ◽  
Hsiao Ying Chen ◽  
Shen Yun Foo ◽  
Yee-Joo Tan ◽  
Phuay-Yee Goh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Kappa Value ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

ABSTRACT An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a rapid immunochromatographic test for detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) patients were developed by utilizing the well-characterized recombinant proteins Gst-N and Gst-U274. The ELISA detected IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV in all 74 convalescent-phase samples from SARS patients while weakly cross-reacting to only 1 of the 210 control sera from healthy donors. This finding thus led to a kit sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 100, 99.5, and 99.6%, respectively. The test thus provided a positive predictive value (PPV) of 98.7% and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 100%. In addition, the ELISA gave a positive delta of 5.4 and a negative delta of 3.6, indicating an excellent differentiation between positives and negatives. The same recombinant proteins were also applied to a newly developed platform for the development of a 15-min rapid test. The resulting rapid test has an excellent agreement of 99.6%, with a kappa value of 1.00, with the ELISA. Again, this rapid test was able to detect 100% of the samples tested (n = 42) while maintaining a specificity of 99.0% (n = 210). The PPV and NPV for the rapid test thus reached 95.3 and 100%, respectively.

scholarly journals Absence of infection in asymptomatic contacts of index SARS case in France

2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Le Vu ◽  
Y Yazdanpanah ◽  
D Bitar ◽  
J Emmanuelli ◽  
I Bonmarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Serological Survey ◽  
Sars Coronavirus ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
First Case ◽  
Infectious Stage ◽  
High Infectivity

The first case of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in France was diagnosed in March 2003. We conducted a serological survey to assess whether or not asymptomatic persons who had been in contact with this patient during his infectious stage had been infected. They were interviewed and asked to provide a blood sample for SARS coronavirus immunoglobulin G antibody testing. Despite the likely high infectivity of the SARS patient, no asymptomatic SARS infection was found in any of the 37 contacts included. These findings support a SARS case definition that is essentially based on clinical and epidemiological assessment, should SARS re-emerge.

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