scholarly journals Distribution and Relationships of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants among Extended-Spectrum-Cephalosporin-Resistant or Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Rivers and Sewage Treatment Plants in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 2972-2980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masato Akiba ◽  
Tsuyoshi Sekizuka ◽  
Akifumi Yamashita ◽  
Makoto Kuroda ◽  
Yuki Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum

ABSTRACTTo determine the distribution and relationship of antimicrobial resistance determinants among extended-spectrum-cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant or carbapenem-resistantEscherichia coliisolates from the aquatic environment in India, water samples were collected from rivers or sewage treatment plants in five Indian states. A total of 446E. coliisolates were randomly obtained. Resistance to ESC and/or carbapenem was observed in 169 (37.9%)E. coliisolates, which were further analyzed. These isolates showed resistance to numerous antimicrobials; more than half of the isolates exhibited resistance to eight or more antimicrobials. TheblaNDMgene was detected in 14/21 carbapenem-resistantE. coliisolates:blaNDM-1in 2 isolates,blaNDM-5in 7 isolates, andblaNDM-7in 5 isolates. TheblaCTX-Mgene was detected in 112 isolates (66.3%):blaCTX-M-15in 108 isolates andblaCTX-M-55in 4 isolates. We extracted 49 plasmids from selected isolates, and their whole-genome sequences were determined. Fifty resistance genes were detected, and 11 different combinations of replicon types were observed among the 49 plasmids. The network analysis results suggested that the plasmids sharing replicon types tended to form a community, which is based on the predicted gene similarity among the plasmids. Four communities each containing from 4 to 17 plasmids were observed. Three of the four communities contained plasmids detected in different Indian states, suggesting that the interstate dissemination of ancestor plasmids has already occurred. Comparison of the DNA sequences of theblaNDM-positive plasmids detected in this study with known sequences of related plasmids suggested that various mutation events facilitated the evolution of the plasmids and that plasmids with similar genetic backgrounds have widely disseminated in India.

scholarly journals National Surveillance of Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Bacteremic Gram-Negative Bacteria with Emphasis on Community-Acquired Resistant Isolates: Report from the 2019 Surveillance of Multicenter Antimicrobial Resistance in Taiwan (SMART)

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Po-Yu Liu ◽  
Yu-Lin Lee ◽  
Min-Chi Lu ◽  
Pei-Lan Shao ◽  
Po-Liang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant

ABSTRACT A multicenter collection of bacteremic isolates of Escherichia coli (n = 423), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 372), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 300), and Acinetobacter baumannii complex (n = 199) was analyzed for susceptibility. Xpert Carba-R assay and sequencing for mcr genes were performed for carbapenem- or colistin-resistant isolates. Nineteen (67.8%) carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (n = 28) and one (20%) carbapenem-resistant E. coli (n = 5) isolate harbored blaKPC (n = 17), blaOXA-48 (n = 2), and blaVIM (n = 1) genes.

scholarly journals Pathogenic Escherichia coli Found in Sewage Treatment Plants and Environmental Waters

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (16) ◽  
pp. 5536-5541 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Anastasi ◽  
B. Matthews ◽  
H. M. Stratton ◽  
M. Katouli
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Environmental Waters ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Nonpoint Sources ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli

ABSTRACTWe previously demonstrated that someEscherichia colistrains with uropathogenic properties survived treatment stages of sewage treatment plants (STPs), suggesting that they may be released into the environment. We investigated the presence of such strains in the surrounding environmental waters of four STPs from which these persistent strains were isolated. In all, 264E. coliisolates were collected from 129 receiving water sites in a 20-km radius surrounding STPs. We also included 93E. colistrains collected from 18 animal species for comparison. Isolates were typed using a high-resolution biochemical fingerprinting method (the PhPlate system), and grouped into common (C) types. One hundred forty-seven (56%) environmental isolates were identical to strains found in STPs' final effluents. Of these, 140 (95%) carried virulence genes (VGs) associated with intestinal pathogenicE. coli(IPEC) or uropathogenicE. coli(UPEC) and were found in a variety of sites within areas sampled. Of the remaining 117 environmental strains not identical to STP strains, 105 belonged to 18 C types and 102 of them carried VGs found among IPEC or UPEC strains. These strains belonged mainly to phylogenetic groups A (A0 and A1) and B1 and to a lesser extent B22, B23, D1, and D2. Eight of 18 environmental C types, comprising 50 isolates, were also identical to bird strains. The presence of a high percentage of environmentalE. coliin waters near STPs carrying VGs associated with IPEC and UPEC suggests that they may have derived from STP effluents and other nonpoint sources.

scholarly journals Occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in sewage treatment plants of South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yerabham Praveenkumarreddy ◽  
Masato Akiba ◽  
Keerthi Siri Guruge ◽  
Keshava Balakrishna ◽  
Kalwaje Eshwara Vandana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
South India ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Antibiotics received by sewage treatment plants may be the causative factor in spreading antibiotic resistance bacteria in the aquatic environment. The current study investigates the distribution of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in four sewage treatment plants (STPs) in South India receiving hospital and domestic wastewater in different proportions. A total of 221 E. coli isolates were checked for antimicrobial resistance against 16 antimicrobials. Among the antimicrobials tested, ampicillin (AMP) and cefazolin (CFZ) showed resistance between 20% and 90%, nalidixic acid (NAL) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) showed resistance between 15% and 75% and chloramphenicol (CHL) showed resistance between 2% and 20%. Based on the observations, there is no significant difference between the wastewater inlet and outlet, suggesting that treatment process was not effective in reducing the resistance. In conclusion, the trends of antimicrobial resistance pattern show that the levels of resistance were slightly higher in hospital wastewater than domestic wastewater. This article has been made Open Access thanks to the generous support of a global network of libraries as part of the Knowledge Unlatched Select initiative.

scholarly journals Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli in hospital wastewaters and sewage treatment plants in Queensland, Australia

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 737-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aycan Gündoğdu ◽  
Amy V. Jennison ◽  
Helen V. Smith ◽  
Helen Stratton ◽  
Mohammad Katouli
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hospital Wastewater ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Inti Gene ◽  
Hospital Wastewaters

We investigated the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in untreated hospital wastewaters and 2 sewage treatment plants (STPs). A collection of 252 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from hospital wastewater and STPs were typed and tested for resistance to 17 antimicrobial agents and for the presence of integron-associated integrases (intI gene) and ESBL genes. Eighty-nine percent (n = 176) of the ESBL-producing E. coli strains from hospital wastewater were found in more than 1 sample (common types), with 1 common type accounting for 35% of isolates, found in all samples. These strains were also resistant to up to 9 non-β-lactam antibiotics and showed the same pattern of resistance in all samples. More than 73% of the hospital wastewater isolates possessed SHV-type ESBL as opposed to isolates from STPs that carried only CTX-M-type ESBL genes. The prevalence of the intI gene did not differ between the sources of the isolates. Certain ESBL-producing E. coli were dominant in hospital wastewaters. These strains possessed β-lactamase genes that were different from isolates found in STPs. From a public health point of view, the presence of such a high level of ESBL-producing E. coli strains in hospital wastewaters is of great importance.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiology of Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 and Its H30 and H30-Rx Subclones among Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Positive and -Negative E. coli Clinical Isolates from the Chicago Region, 2007 to 2010

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 6385-6388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Banerjee ◽  
Ari Robicsek ◽  
Michael A. Kuskowski ◽  
Stephen Porter ◽  
Brian D. Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Esbl Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

ABSTRACTWe assessedEscherichia coliST131 and its H30 and H30-Rx subclones for virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) type. Although both subclones were associated with ESBL production, H30-Rx isolates had higher resistance scores and were associated specifically with CTX-M-15. Three virulence genes (iha,sat, andiutA) were more prevalent among H30 than non-H30 ST131 isolates. Thus, the H30 and H30-Rx subclones are more antimicrobial resistant and have virulence profiles that are distinct from those of non-H30 ST131 isolates.

scholarly journals Molecular Epidemiological Analysis of Escherichia coli Sequence Type ST131 (O25:H4) andblaCTX-M-15among Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing E. coli from the United States, 2000 to 2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2364-2370 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Johnson ◽  
Carl Urban ◽  
Scott J. Weissman ◽  
James H. Jorgensen ◽  
James S. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

ABSTRACTEscherichia colisequence type ST131 (from phylogenetic group B2), often carrying the extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) geneblaCTX-M-15, is an emerging globally disseminated pathogen that has received comparatively little attention in the United States. Accordingly, a convenience sample of 351 ESBL-producingE. coliisolates from 15 U.S. centers (collected in 2000 to 2009) underwent PCR-based phylotyping and detection of ST131 andblaCTX-M-15. A total of 200 isolates, comprising 4 groups of 50 isolates each that were (i)blaCTX-M-15negative non-ST131, (ii)blaCTX-M-15positive non-ST131, (iii)blaCTX-M-15negative ST131, or (iv)blaCTX-M-15positive ST131, also underwent virulence genotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Overall, 201 (57%) isolates exhibitedblaCTX-M-15, whereas 165 (47%) were ST131. ST131 accounted for 56% ofblaCTX-M-15-positive- versus 35% ofblaCTX-M-15-negative isolates (P< 0.001). Whereas ST131 accounted for 94% of the 175 total group B2 isolates, non-ST131 isolates were phylogenetically distributed byblaCTX-M-15status, with groups A (blaCTX-M-15-positive isolates) and D (blaCTX-M-15-negative isolates) predominating. BothblaCTX-M-15and ST131 occurred at all participating centers, were recovered from children and adults, increased significantly in prevalence post-2003, and were associated with molecularly inferred virulence. Compared with non-ST131 isolates, ST131 isolates had higher virulence scores, distinctive virulence profiles, and more-homogeneous PFGE profiles.blaCTX-M-15was associated with extensive antimicrobial resistance and ST131 with fluoroquinolone resistance. Thus,E. coliST131 andblaCTX-M-15are emergent, widely distributed, and predominant among ESBL-positiveE. colistrains in the United States, among children and adults alike. Enhanced virulence and antimicrobial resistance have likely promoted the epidemiological success of these emerging public health threats.

scholarly journals A One Health Comparative Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance in Generic and Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli from Beef Production, Sewage and Clinical Settings

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emelia H. Adator ◽  
Claudia Narvaez-Bravo ◽  
Rahat Zaheer ◽  
Shaun R. Cook ◽  
Lisa Tymensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beef Processing ◽  
Extended Spectrum

This study aimed to compare antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant and generic Escherichia coli from a One Health continuum of the beef production system in Alberta, Canada. A total of 705 extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant E. coli (ESCr) were obtained from: cattle feces (CFeces, n = 382), catch basins (CBasins, n = 137), surrounding streams (SStreams, n = 59), beef processing plants (BProcessing, n = 4), municipal sewage (MSewage; n = 98) and human clinical specimens (CHumans, n = 25). Generic isolates (663) included: CFeces (n = 142), CBasins (n = 185), SStreams (n = 81), BProcessing (n = 159) and MSewage (n = 96). All isolates were screened for antimicrobial susceptibility to 9 antimicrobials and two clavulanic acid combinations. In ESCr, oxytetracycline (87.7%), ampicillin (84.4%) and streptomycin (73.8%) resistance phenotypes were the most common, with source influencing AMR prevalence (p < 0.001). In generic E. coli, oxytetracycline (51.1%), streptomycin (22.6%), ampicillin (22.5%) and sulfisoxazole (14.3%) resistance were most common. Overall, 88.8% of ESCr, and 26.7% of generic isolates exhibited multi-drug resistance (MDR). MDR in ESCr was high from all sources: CFeces (97.1%), MSewage (96.9%), CHumans (96%), BProcessing (100%), CBasins (70.5%) and SStreams (61.4%). MDR in generic E. coli was lower with CFeces (45.1%), CBasins (34.6%), SStreams (23.5%), MSewage (13.6%) and BProcessing (10.7%). ESBL phenotypes were confirmed in 24.7% (n = 174) ESCr and 0.6% of generic E. coli. Prevalence of bla genes in ESCr were blaCTXM (30.1%), blaCTXM-1 (21.6%), blaTEM (20%), blaCTXM-9 (7.9%), blaOXA (3.0%), blaCTXM-2 (6.4%), blaSHV (1.4%) and AmpC β-lactamase blaCMY (81.3%). The lower AMR in ESCr from SStreams and BProcessing and higher AMR in CHumans and CFeces likely reflects antimicrobial use in these environments. Although MDR levels were higher in ESCr as compared to generic E. coli, AMR to the same antimicrobials ranked high in both ESCr and generic E. coli sub-populations. This suggests that both sub-populations reflect similar AMR trends and are equally useful for AMR surveillance. Considering that MDR ESCr MSewage isolates were obtained without enrichment, while those from CFeces were obtained with enrichment, MSewage may serve as a hot spot for MDR emergence and dissemination.

scholarly journals Impact of Feed Supplementation with Antimicrobial Agents on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens, Clostridium perfringens and Enterococcus Counts, and Antibiotic Resistance Phenotypes and Distribution of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Escherichia coli Isolates

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (20) ◽  
pp. 6566-6576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa S. Diarra ◽  
Fred G. Silversides ◽  
Fatoumata Diarrassouba ◽  
Jane Pritchard ◽  
Luke Masson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Feed Supplementation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Class 1

ABSTRACT The effects of feed supplementation with the approved antimicrobial agents bambermycin, penicillin, salinomycin, and bacitracin or a combination of salinomycin plus bacitracin were evaluated for the incidence and distribution of antibiotic resistance in 197 commensal Escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens over 35 days. All isolates showed some degree of multiple antibiotic resistance. Resistance to tetracycline (68.5%), amoxicillin (61.4%), ceftiofur (51.3%), spectinomycin (47.2%), and sulfonamides (42%) was most frequent. The levels of resistance to streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin were 33.5, 35.5, and 25.3%, respectively. The overall resistance levels decreased from day 7 to day 35 (P < 0.001). Comparing treatments, the levels of resistance to ceftiofur, spectinomycin, and gentamicin (except for resistance to bacitracin treatment) were significantly higher in isolates from chickens receiving feed supplemented with salinomycin than from the other feeds (P < 0.001). Using a DNA microarray analysis capable of detecting commonly found antimicrobial resistance genes, we characterized 104 tetracycline-resistant E. coli isolates from 7- to 28-day-old chickens fed different growth promoters. Results showed a decrease in the incidence of isolates harboring tet(B), bla TEM, sulI, and aadA and class 1 integron from days 7 to 35 (P < 0.01). Of the 84 tetracycline-ceftiofur-resistant E. coli isolates, 76 (90.5%) were positive for bla CMY-2. The proportions of isolates positive for sulI, aadA, and integron class 1 were significantly higher in salinomycin-treated chickens than in the control or other treatment groups (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that multiantibiotic-resistant E. coli isolates can be found in broiler chickens regardless of the antimicrobial growth promoters used. However, the phenotype and the distribution of resistance determinants in E. coli can be modulated by feed supplementation with some of the antimicrobial agents used in broiler chicken production.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Grouping and Virulence Potential of Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains in Cattle

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (13) ◽  
pp. 4677-4682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Valat ◽  
Frédéric Auvray ◽  
Karine Forest ◽  
Véronique Métayer ◽  
Emilie Gay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Specific Distribution ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Almost All

ABSTRACTIn line with recent reports of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) inEscherichia coliisolates of highly virulent serotypes, such as O104:H4, we investigated the distribution of phylogroups (A, B1, B2, D) and virulence factor (VF)-encoding genes in 204 ESBL-producingE. coliisolates from diarrheic cattle. ESBL genes, VFs, and phylogroups were identified by PCR and a commercial DNA array (Alere, France). ESBL genes belonged mostly to the CTX-M-1 (65.7%) and CTX-M-9 (27.0%) groups, whereas those of the CTX-M-2 and TEM groups were much less represented (3.9% and 3.4%, respectively). One ESBL isolate wasstx1andeaepositive and belonged to a major enterohemorrhagicE. coli(EHEC) serotype (O111:H8). Two other isolates wereeaepositive butstxnegative; one of these had serotype O26:H11. ESBL isolates belonged mainly to phylogroup A (55.4%) and, to lesser extents, to phylogroups D (25.5%) and B1 (15.6%), whereas B2 strains were quasi-absent (1/204). The number of VFs was significantly higher in phylogroup B1 than in phylogroups A (P= 0.04) and D (P= 0.02). Almost all of the VFs detected were found in CTX-M-1 isolates, whereas only 64.3% and 33.3% of them were found in CTX-M-9 and CTX-M-2 isolates, respectively. These results indicated that the widespread dissemination of theblaCTX-Mgenes within theE. colipopulation from cattle still spared the subpopulation of EHEC/Shiga-toxigenicE. coli(STEC) isolates. In contrast to other reports on non-ESBL-producing isolates from domestic animals, B1 was not the main phylogroup identified. However, B1 was found to be the most virulent phylogroup, suggesting host-specific distribution of virulence determinants among phylogenetic groups.

scholarly journals Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Escherichia coli in River Waters Collected from Two Cities in Ghana, 2018–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Regina Ama Banu ◽  
Jorge Matheu Alvarez ◽  
Anthony J. Reid ◽  
Wendemagegn Enbiale ◽  
Appiah-Korang Labi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
River Waters ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Animal Wastewater ◽  
Sources Of Contamination

Infections by Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-Ec) are on the increase in Ghana, but the level of environmental contamination with this organism, which may contribute to growing Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), is unknown. Using the WHO OneHealth Tricycle Protocol, we investigated the contamination of E. coli (Ec) and ESBL-Ec in two rivers in Ghana (Odaw in Accra and Okurudu in Kasoa) that receive effluents from human and animal wastewater hotspots over a 12-month period. Concentrations of Ec, ESBL-Ec and percent ESBL-Ec/Ec were determined per 100 mL sample. Of 96 samples, 94 (98%) were positive for ESBL-Ec. concentrations per 100 mL (MCs100) of ESBL-Ec and %ESBL-Ec from both rivers were 4.2 × 104 (IQR, 3.1 × 103–2.3 × 105) and 2.79 (IQR, 0.96–6.03), respectively. MCs100 were significantly lower in upstream waters: 1.8 × 104 (IQR, 9.0 × 103–3.9 × 104) as compared to downstream waters: 1.9 × 106 (IQR, 3.7 × 105–5.4 × 106). Both human and animal wastewater effluents contributed to the increased contamination downstream. This study revealed high levels of ESBL-Ec in rivers flowing through two cities in Ghana. There is a need to manage the sources of contamination as they may contribute to the acquisition and spread of ESBL-Ec in humans and animals, thereby contributing to AMR.

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