scholarly journals Human Immune Proteome in Experimental Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1607-1614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silva Holtfreter ◽  
Thi Thu Hoai Nguyen ◽  
Heiman Wertheim ◽  
Leif Steil ◽  
Harald Kusch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Nasal Colonization ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Alpha Hemolysin

ABSTRACT More than 20% of adults are persistently colonized with Staphylococcus aureus. When hospitalized, these carriers have increased risks of infection with their own strains. However, a recent study demonstrated a lower incidence of bacteremia-related death among carriers than among noncarriers, raising the question whether the adaptive immune system plays a protective role. In fact, S. aureus carriers mount a highly specific neutralizing antibody response against superantigens of their colonizing strains. We now used 2-dimensional immunoblotting to investigate the profiles of antibodies from healthy individuals against S. aureus extracellular proteins. Moreover, we tested whether symptom-free experimental colonization of these individuals with an S. aureus strain of low virulence, 8325-4, is sufficient to induce an antibody response. Sera obtained before and 4 weeks after colonization were screened for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody binding to extracellular staphylococcal proteins. At baseline, most volunteers harbored IgG directed against conserved virulence factors, including alpha-hemolysin (Hla), beta-hemolysin (Hlb), phospholipase C (Plc), staphylococcal serine protease (SspA), and cysteine protease (SspB). However, the variability of spot patterns and intensities was striking and could be important in case of infection. Experimental nasal colonization with S. aureus 8325-4 did not elicit new antibodies or boost the humoral response. Thus, the high antibody prevalence in humans is likely not induced by short-term nasal colonization, and presumably minor infections are required to trigger anti-S. aureus antibody responses.

scholarly journals Children with Invasive Staphylococcus aureus Disease Exhibit a Potently Neutralizing Antibody Response to the Cytotoxin LukAB

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 1234-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac P. Thomsen ◽  
Ashley L. DuMont ◽  
David B. A James ◽  
Pauline Yoong ◽  
Benjamin R. Saville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
High Titer ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Human Neutrophils ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Marked Rise ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTDespite the importance ofStaphylococcus aureusas a common invasive bacterial pathogen, the humoral response to infection remains inadequately defined, particularly in children. The purpose of this study was to assess the humoral response to extracellular staphylococcal virulence factors, including the bicomponent leukotoxins, which are critical for the cytotoxicity ofS. aureustoward human neutrophils. Children with culture-provenS. aureusinfection were prospectively enrolled and stratified by disease type. Fifty-three children were enrolled in the study, of which 90% had invasive disease. Serum samples were obtained during the acute (within 48 h) and convalescent (4 to 6 weeks postinfection) phases, at which point both IgG titers againstS. aureusexotoxins were determined, and the functionality of the generated antibodies was evaluated. Molecular characterization of clinical isolates was also performed. We observed a marked rise in antibody titer from acute-phase to convalescent-phase sera for LukAB, the most recently describedS. aureusbicomponent leukotoxin. LukAB production by the isolates was strongly correlated with cytotoxicityin vitro, and sera containing anti-LukAB antibodies potently neutralized cytotoxicity. Antibodies toS. aureusantigens were detectable in healthy pediatric controls but at much lower titers than in sera from infected subjects. The discovery of a high-titer, neutralizing antibody response to LukAB during invasive infections suggests that this toxin is producedin vivoand that it elicits a functional humoral response.

IgM and IgG Antibody Response to Teichoic Acid in Infections Due to Staphylococcus aureus

1983 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wheat ◽  
R. B. Kohler ◽  
A. White ◽  
M. Garten ◽  
B. J. Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Teichoic Acid ◽  
Igg Antibody

Analysis of antibody response (IgM, IgG, IgG3) to Chikungunya virus using panel of peptides derived from envelope protein for serodiagnosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyanka Verma ◽  
Santwana Bhatnagar ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Vinita Chattree ◽  
M.M. Parida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Envelope Protein ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Diagnostic Purpose ◽  
Chikv Infection ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Immunodominant Epitopes

AbstractMany epidemic outbreaks of Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) have been reported throughout the world including India after its reemergence in 2005. The immuno protective role of envelope proteins during Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection has been reported. With the aim of identifying the immunodominant epitopes within the envelope protein we investigated the detailed analysis of fine specificity of antibody response in different individuals during CHIKV infection.The peptides corresponding to the full length of E1, E2 and E3 proteins of S27 strain of CHIKV were synthesized and their seroreactivity with CHIKV positive patients’ sera collected from different epidemic regions of India was determined using indirect ELISA.The data analysis reveals many potent epitopes throughout the length of envelope E2 protein thus displaying it as the most promising antigen for diagnostic purpose. We found that the main IgG isotype response to envelope protein was predominantly of subclass IgG3. Interestingly, most of the epitopes were found to be conserved for detecting IgM, IgG and IgG3 antibody response.Peptides E2P3, E2P7, E2P16 and E2P17 were revealed as the most immunodominant peptides that together can form the basis for designing an accurate, economical and easy to synthesize a peptide-based immunodiagnostic for CHIKV. This study provides new and important insight into the humoral response generated by CHIKV S27 strain during the early phase of infection.

scholarly journals Control and Preventive Study of Brucellosis by Using

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Rahmahani J ◽  
Handijatno D ◽  
Tyaningsih W ◽  
Suwarno Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Brucella Abortus ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Booster Vaccination ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Cellular Immune

The aims of this research is to determine the ability of sub unit lipopolysacharide(LPS) vaccine of Brucella abortus strain S-19 in mice and goat, including IgM and sub classes IgG antibody humoral response, cellular mediated immune response (IL-2, IFN- γ) in mice, also IgG as humoral immunity, IL-4 and IL-12 as cellular immunity, comparison affectivity with Brucella abortus strain RB-51 vaccine in goat . This research has two steps methods. Step first, 30 Balb C mice were divided into 3 groups and vaccinated subcutaneously, First group injectedB. abortus S-19, second group injected LPS and third group injected sodium chloride solution. Booster vaccination was conducted every two weeks till the eight week after first vaccination. The second step performed vaccinated to 30 goats divided into three groups. First group was injected by subcutaneous LPS 50 µg/ml and second group injected LPS 100 µg/ml and the third group injected with sodium chloride as control. Booster vaccination conducted 2 weeks after first vaccination and second vaccination. Result of the research conferred. Result research, antibody response in mice showed vaccination by LPS of B. abortus S-19 showed higher titer than vaccination by whole cells but inverse cellular response. The both vaccines showed induce subclass antibody response, vaccination by LPS tendency to IgM response but vaccination by Whole cells active vaccine tendency to IgG1, IgG 2a and IgG2b. Response antibody in goat on two weeks after first vaccination, vaccination with LPS of B. abortus S-19, dose 50 µg/ml failed or zero titer IgG response but dose 100 µg/ml was 500response antibody on two weeks after second vaccination by dose 50 µg/ml was 340 but by dose 100 µg/ml was 960, while cellular IL-12 response two weeks after first vaccination by dose 50 µg/ml was 22.88 pg/ml but by 100 µg/ml was 62.15 pg/ml. Response cellular IL -12 two weeks after second vaccination 50 µg/ml was 12.04 pg/ml while by dose100 µg/ml was 130.88pg/ml    Cellular immune response IL-4 on two weeks after first vaccination, dose 50 µg/ml showed 55.57 pg/ml but by dose100 µg/ml was 49.35 pg/ ml. Response cellular IL-4 on two weeks after second vaccination by dose 50 µg/ml  was 22.17 pg/ml but by dose 100 µg/ml was 143.89 pg/ml Keyword: Vaccine sub-unit LPS of Brucella abortus S-19, Humoral antibody, Cellular antibody

scholarly journals Development of a Neutralizing Antibody Response during Acute Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection and the Emergence of Antigenic Variants

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 8943-8951 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lewis ◽  
P. Balfe ◽  
C. Arnold ◽  
S. Kaye ◽  
R. S. Tedder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Viral Quasispecies ◽  
Viral Growth ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT We monitored the primary humoral response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and showed that, in addition to antibodies to p24 and gp41, antigens which form the basis of most diagnostic assays, the response included a significant antibody response directed to the gp120 region of the infecting viral quasispecies. When tested in a recombinant virus neutralization assay, these antibodies were capable of inhibiting viral growth. We found the primary viral quasispecies to solely utilize the CCR-5 chemokine receptor; however, recombinant viruses differed in their cytopathology and in their sensitivity to β-chemokine inhibition of viral growth. Sequence analysis of the gp120 open reading frames showed that amino acid changes in the C1 (D→G at position 62) and C4 (V→A at position 430) regions accounted for the phenotypic differences. These data demonstrate that early in infection, polymorphism exists in envelope glycoprotein coreceptor interactions and imply that therapeutic strategies targeted at this step in the viral life cycle may lead to rapid resistance.

scholarly journals Humoral response of pregnant sows to foot and mouth disease vaccination

1986 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Francis ◽  
L. Black
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Antibody Titres ◽  
Iga Response ◽  
One Year

SUMMARYFour groups of sows were inoculated, either once or twice, with O1BFS 1860 foot and mouth disease oil-emulsion vaccine during pregnancy and samples of serum. for analysis, were collected at intervals for > 300 days.The pregnant sows responded well to vaccination regardless of their state of gestation. Single vaccination produced protective levels of antibody (> 1·53 log10SN50) in 3 out of 4 sows while double vaccination produced protective levels in all 6 sows tested. Anti-FMD IgM antibodies could be detected for 40–60 days after vaccination or revaccination. Anti-FMD IgG antibodies appeared within 10 days of vaccination and persisted, in each sow, for the duration of the study. The anti-FMD IgA response observed was less easy to characterize due to significant animal to animal variation. Although there was no evidence of a fall in the neutralizing antibody titres over one year post vaccination the anti-FMD IgG antibody population did show signs of a change in its heterogenity and avidity.

scholarly journals Humoral Response Induced by Prime-Boost Vaccination with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and mRNA BNT162b2 Vaccines in a Teriflunomide-Treated Multiple Sclerosis Patient

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1140
Author(s):  
Yves Michiels ◽  
Nadhira Houhou-Fidouh ◽  
Gilles Collin ◽  
Jérôme Berger ◽  
Evelyne Kohli
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Viral Vector ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Vaccination Regimen ◽  
The Past

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are treated with drugs that may impact immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Evaluation of “prime-boost” (heterologous) vaccination regimens including a first administration of a viral vector-based vaccine and a second one of an mRNA-based vaccine in such patients has not yet been completed. Here, we present the anti-spike protein S humoral response, including the neutralizing antibody response, in a 54-year-old MS patient who had been treated with teriflunomide for the past 2 years and who received a heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/ BNT162b2 vaccination regimen. The results showed a very strong anti-S IgG response and a good neutralizing antibody response. These results show that teriflunomide did not prevent the development of a satisfactory humoral response in this MS patient after vaccination with a ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/ BNT162b2 prime-boost protocol.

scholarly journals Robust Neutralizing Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Develop and Persist in Subjects with Diabetes and COVID-19 Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Dispinseri ◽  
Vito Lampasona ◽  
Massimiliano Secchi ◽  
Andrea Cara ◽  
Elena Bazzigaluppi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Lentiviral Vector ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Context Demonstrating the ability to mount a neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of diabetes is crucial to understand COVID-19 pathogenesis, reinfection potential, and vaccine development. Objective The aim of this study was to characterize the kinetics and durability of neutralizing antibody (Nab) response against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the presence of hyperglycemia. Methods Using a lentiviral vector–based SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay to measure Nabs, we characterized 150 patients randomly selected from a cohort of 509 patients with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia. We analyzed Nab response according to the presence of diabetes or hyperglycemia, at the time of hospitalization and during the postdischarge follow-up: 1-, 3-, and 6-month outpatient visits. Results Among 150 randomly selected patients 40 (26.6%) had diabetes. Diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 8.9, P < .001), glucose levels (HR 1.25 × 1.1 mmol/L, P < .001), and glucose variability (HR 1.17 × 0.6 mmol/L, P < .001) were independently associated with an increased risk of mortality. The neutralizing activity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in patients with diabetes was superimposable, as for kinetics and extent, to that of patients without diabetes. It was similar across glucose levels and correlated with the humoral response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Positivity for Nabs at the time of hospital admission conferred protection on mortality, both in the presence (HR 0.28, P = .046) or absence of diabetes (HR 0.26, P = .030). The longevity of the Nab response was not affected by diabetes. Conclusion Diabetes and hyperglycemia do not affect the kinetics and durability of the neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. These findings provide the rational to include patients with diabetes in the early phase of the vaccination campaign against SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2-antibody response in health care workers after vaccination or natural infection in a longitudinal observational study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Herzberg ◽  
Tanja Vollmer ◽  
Bastian Fischer ◽  
Heiko Becher ◽  
Ann-Kristin Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Igg Antibody ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Longitudinal Observational Study ◽  
Antibody Ratio

Background Following a year of development, several vaccines have been approved to contain the global COVID-19 pandemic. Real world comparative data on immune response following vaccination or natural infection are rare. Methods We conducted a longitudinal observational study in employees at a secondary care hospital affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparisons were made about the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunglobulin G (IgG) antibody ratio after natural infection, or vaccination with one or two doses of BioNTech/Pfizer (BNT162b2), or one dose of AstraZenca (Vaxzevria) vaccine. Results We found a 100% humoral response rate in participants after 2 doses of BNT162b2 vaccine. The antibody ratio in participants with one dose BNT162b2 and Vaxzevria did not differ significantly to those with previous PCR-confirmed infection, whereas this was significantly lower in comparison to two doses of BioNTech/Pfizer. We could not identify a correlation with previous comorbidities, obesity or age within this study. Smoking showed a negative effect on the antibody response (p=0.006) Conclusion Our data provide an overview about humoral immune response after natural SARS-CoV-2 infection or following vaccination, and supports the usage of booster vaccinations, especially in patients after a natural SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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