Role of Peptidases of the Enteric Microbiota and Prey in Temperature Adaptations of the Digestive System in Boreal Carnivorous Fish

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-239
Author(s):  
V. V. Kuz’mina ◽  
E. G. Skvortsova ◽  
M. V. Shalygin
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Temperature Adaptations

MiRNA-145 and Its Direct Downstream Targets in Digestive System Cancers: A Promising Therapeutic Target

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yini Ma ◽  
Xiu Cao ◽  
Guojuan Shi ◽  
Tianlu Shi
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Promising Therapeutic Target ◽  
Direct Target ◽  
Potential Strategy

: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a vital role in the onset and development of many diseases, including cancers. Emerging evidence shows that numerous miRNAs have the potential to be used as diagnostic biomarkers for cancers, and miRNA-based therapy may be a promising therapy for the treatment of malignant neoplasm. MicroRNA-145 (miR-145) has been considered to play certain roles in various cellular processes, such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, via modulating expression of direct target genes. Recent reports show that miR-145 participates in the progression of digestive system cancers, and plays crucial and novel roles for cancer treatment. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge concerning the function of miR-145 and its direct targets in digestive system cancers. We discuss the potential role of miR-145 as valuable biomarkers for digestive system cancers and how miR-145 regulates these digestive system cancers via different targets to explore the potential strategy of targeting miR-145.

scholarly journals Intestinal Microbiota as an Alternative Therapeutic Target for Epilepsy

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaying Wu ◽  
Yuyu Zhang ◽  
Hongyu Yang ◽  
Yuefeng Rao ◽  
Jing Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Hygiene Hypothesis ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Immune Disorders ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Symbiotic Microbiota

Epilepsy is one of the most widespread serious neurological disorders, and an aetiological explanation has not been fully identified. In recent decades, a growing body of evidence has highlighted the influential role of autoimmune mechanisms in the progression of epilepsy. The hygiene hypothesis draws people’s attention to the association between gut microbes and the onset of multiple immune disorders. It is also believed that, in addition to influencing digestive system function, symbiotic microbiota can bidirectionally and reversibly impact the programming of extraintestinal pathogenic immune responses during autoimmunity. Herein, we investigate the concept that the diversity of parasitifer sensitivity to commensal microbes and the specific constitution of the intestinal microbiota might impact host susceptibility to epilepsy through promotion of Th17 cell populations in the central nervous system (CNS).

scholarly journals Initial Development of Carnival Fish of Sweet Water: Systematic Review of Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-31
Author(s):  
Marcela Ribeiro Tosta ◽  
Mariane Leão Freitas ◽  
Rodrigo Diana Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
South American ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Scientific Databases ◽  
Sweet Water ◽  
Carnivorous Species ◽  
Key Words Fish ◽  
Made In

The initial development of carnivorous fish in farms requires intensive care regarding nutrition and management, in order to avoid the stress that can lead to cannibalistic behavior, a major cause of mortality in larvae and juveniles of cultivated carnivorous species. The objective of this article was to evaluate the initial development of carnivorous freshwater fish in South American territory, focusing on the development of the digestive tract and feeding, through a systematic literature review, resulting from research in scientific databases, with the strategy of searching for the key-words: fish and larvae and development and digestive and Brazil and "name of the different species found", besides manual searches made in the bibliographical references of the articles selected. At the end of the selection, 17 articles, published between 2007 and 2017, were included in the review. It was verified that the ontological evaluation of the digestive system of the larvae’s is of major importance to adapt the nutritional management to the needs of the young animals, reaching higher productivity of carnivorous fish.

scholarly journals Insight into the Double-Edged Role of Ferroptosis in Disease

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1790
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Ruohan Jia ◽  
Huizhen Li ◽  
Huarun Yu ◽  
Keke Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Research Hotspots

Ferroptosis, a newly described type of iron-dependent programmed cell death that is distinct from apoptosis, necroptosis, and other types of cell death, is involved in lipid peroxidation (LP), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Accumulating evidence has highlighted vital roles for ferroptosis in multiple diseases, including acute kidney injury, cancer, hepatic fibrosis, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, ferroptosis has become one of the research hotspots for disease treatment and attracted extensive attention in recent years. This review mainly summarizes the relationship between ferroptosis and various diseases classified by the system, including the urinary system, digestive system, respiratory system, nervous system. In addition, the role and molecular mechanism of multiple inhibitors and inducers for ferroptosis are further elucidated. A deeper understanding of the relationship between ferroptosis and multiple diseases may provide new strategies for researching diseases and drug development based on ferroptosis.

scholarly journals The Role of Thyroid Hormone Signaling in the Prevention of Digestive System Cancers

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 16240-16257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Brown ◽  
Rosalia Simmen ◽  
Frank Simmen
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Hormone Signaling

scholarly journals The role of mucilage envelope in the endozoochory of selected plant taxa

2020 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kreitschitz ◽  
E. Haase ◽  
S. N. Gorb
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Morphological Adaptation ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
First Time

AbstractMyxodiaspory (formation of mucilage envelope around seeds and fruits) is a common adaptation to dry habitats known in many families of Angiosperms. The mucilage envelope of some seeds seems to be also a unique morphological adaptation which protects myxospermatic diaspores while passing through the bird’s digestive system. To evaluate the protective potential of mucilage, we fed the diaspores of seven plant species (representing three different mucilage types and three species of non-mucilaginous plants) to pigeons, Columba livia domestica. Twenty-four hours later, we collected the droppings of pigeons and examined a total of 18,900 non-destroyed diaspores to check for mucilage presence and germination ability. Out of all the examined diaspores, 4.5% were mucilaginous seeds. Among them, the highest number (12.2–13.5%) of viable diaspores belonged to the hemicellulosic type of mucilage (from Plantago species). Only 3.7% of germinating diaspores with pectic mucilage (Linum usitatissimum) were collected, and no seeds representing cellulosic mucilage (e.g., Ocimum basilicum). For non-mucilaginous plants, we collected only a few individual seeds (0.1% out of 8100 seeds used). We noted that the mucilaginous seeds found in the droppings were able to germinate; however, the germination ability was generally smaller in comparison to the control (i.e., not digested) seeds. Our results revealed that the presence of mucilage envelope has an impact on diaspore dispersal and survivability. With our experiments, we demonstrated for the first time that the mucilage envelope, especially of the non-cellulosic type, supports endozoochory. We also showed that non-mucilaginous seeds can be occasionally dispersed via endozoochory and are able to germinate. The results of our studies can explain the ways of plants distribution at a small, local scale as well as in long-distance dispersal, e.g., between islands or even continents.

scholarly journals Reasons for cattle retirement on feeding farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00098
Author(s):  
Maksim Zhukov ◽  
Yurij Alekhin ◽  
Ivan Kalyuzhny ◽  
Vasiliy Dorozhkin ◽  
Anatoliy Stekolnikov
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Expert Evaluation ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Young Cattle

The study has been carried out at two livestock complexes specializing in the production of beef to investigate the causes of non-productive retirement of animals. The structure of the causes of death or necessary slaughter of young cattle was determined by the results of pathological autopsy (n = 2816). Moreover, it was revealed that in 83.5 % of the animals, morphological changes in the respiratory organs prevailed, which in 40.2 % of the cases were thanatogenetically significant. The pathology of the digestive system was found in 29.6 % of animals, and in 14.9 % of cases they caused death. Pathology of the kidneys and urinary tract most often occurred at the age of 4–6 months and caused the retirement of 7.6–9.4 % of the animals. The role of cardiovascular pathology in the structure of the causes of retirement increases in young animals aged 8–11 months, while that of diseases of the joints and distal extremities rises at the final stage of their fattening. Clinical and expert evaluation of the activity of veterinary specialists (n = 12) showed that they correctly identified the underlying disease in 74 %, concomitant pathologies in 17.9 %, and complications in 5 % of diseased. Therefore, one of the problems of diagnosing diseases in young cattle during the period of growing and fattening is an incomplete diagnosis due to the low detection rate of concomitant pathologies and complications, some of which are of decisive thanatogenetic significance.

scholarly journals What is Surgery?

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Jacques Marescaux
Keyword(s):  
Medical Technology ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
European Institute ◽  
Engineering And Technology ◽  
The Law ◽  
Changing Role

In a wide-ranging address to the Diplomates, Professor Marescaux of the Institute for Research into Cancer of the Digestive System (IRCAD)/European Institute of Telesurgery (EITS) considers the nature of surgery and the changing role of the surgeon in modern times. The surgeon, he argues, operates on the borderlines with many other disciplines, from engineering and technology, to ethics and the law, to art and philosophy. Despite the rapidly changing face of medical technology, he argues persuasively for the indispensable role of the surgeon in providing compassion and care.

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