scholarly journals Occupational distribution of metabolic syndrome prevalence and incidence differs by sex and is not explained by age and health behavior: results from 75 000 Dutch workers from 40 occupational groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sander K R van Zon ◽  
Benjamin C Amick III ◽  
Trynke de Jong ◽  
Sandra Brouwer ◽  
Ute Bültmann
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Occupational Group ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Occupational Distribution ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Design And Methods

IntroductionThis study examines the association between 40 occupational groups and prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), separately for male and female workers, and whether age and health behaviors can explain the association.Research design and methodsData from 74 857 Lifelines Cohort and Biobank Study participants were used to regress occupational group membership, coded by Statistics Netherlands, on the prevalence and incidence of MetS using logistic and Cox regression analyses. MetS diagnosis was based on physical examinations, blood analysis, and recorded medication use. Information on age, smoking status, physical activity, diet and alcohol consumption was acquired using questionnaires.ResultsBaseline MetS prevalence was 17.5% for males and 10.6% for females. During a median 3.8 years of follow-up, MetS incidence was 7.8% for males and 13.2% for females. One occupational group was associated with an increased MetS risk in both sexes. Six additional occupational groups had an increased risk for MetS among men, four among women. Highest risks were found for male ‘stationary plant and machine operators’ (HR: 1.94; 95% CI 1.26 to 3.00) and female ‘food preparation assistants’ (HR: 1.80; 95% CI 1.01 to 3.22).ConclusionsFindings suggest that occupational group matters for men and women in MetS development, and that differences in MetS prevalence across occupations are not merely a reflection of selection of metabolically unhealthy workers into specific occupations. The striking sex differences in the occupational distribution of MetS indicate that preventive measures should, with some exceptions, target men and women separately.

scholarly journals Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Status and Breast Cancer Risk: A Nationwide Cohort Study

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
In Young Choi ◽  
Sohyun Chun ◽  
Dong Wook Shin ◽  
Kyungdo Han ◽  
Keun Hye Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health Screening Program ◽  
Design And Methods

Objective: To our knowledge, no studies have yet looked at how the risk of developing breast cancer (BC) varies with changes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) status. This study aimed to investigate the association between changes in MetS and subsequent BC occurrence. Research Design and Methods: We enrolled 930,055 postmenopausal women aged 40–74 years who participated in a biennial National Health Screening Program in 2009–2010 and 2011–2012. Participants were categorized into four groups according to change in MetS status during the two-year interval screening: sustained non-MetS, transition to MetS, transition to non-MetS, and sustained MetS. We calculated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for BC incidence using the Cox proportional hazards models. Results: At baseline, MetS was associated with a significantly increased risk of BC (aHR 1.11, 95% CI 1.06–1.17) and so were all of its components. The risk of BC increased as the number of the components increased (aHR 1.46, 95% CI 1.26–1.61 for women with all five components). Compared to the sustained non-MetS group, the aHR (95% CI) for BC was 1.11 (1.04–1.19) in the transition to MetS group, 1.05 (0.96–1.14) in the transition to non-MetS group, and 1.18 (1.12–1.25) in the sustained MetS group. Conclusions: Significantly increased BC risk was observed in the sustained MetS and transition to MetS groups. These findings are clinically meaningful in that efforts to recover from MetS may lead to reduced risk of BC.

Stage at presentation and oncologic outcomes for agent orange exposed and non-exposed United States veterans diagnosed with prostate cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 259-259
Author(s):  
Alexander Tward ◽  
Jonathan David Tward
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Agent Orange ◽  
Oncologic Outcomes ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

259 Background: Exposure of Vietnam War Veterans to the defoliant Agent Orange (AO) has been linked to increased tumor stage of Veterans diagnosed with prostate cancer. However, information on the effect of exposure to treatment outcomes is lacking. The goal of this study was to evaluate oncologic outcomes in Veterans based on AO exposure history, accounting for known prognostic covariates not previously studied. Methods: United States military Veterans diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma born between the years 1930-1956 were identified from a large professionally curated institutional database. Evaluable patients had to have known AO exposure status, age, NCCN risk group, Charlson comorbidity score, smoking status, and whether initial therapy was surgical, radiation, or systemic. Risk of death, metastasis, and progression stratified by the type of initial therapy received was analyzed using Cox regression. Results: There were 70 AO exposed and 561 non-exposed Veterans identified, with a median follow-up of 10.0 years. AO exposure Veterans (AOeV) were significantly younger (64.0 versus 65.7 years, p=0.013) at diagnosis and presented at more advanced stages (e.g. Stage 4: 14.3% versus 2.5%) than non-exposed Veterans (non-AOeV). There was no difference for overall survival (HR=0.86, p=0.576, metastasis-free survival (HR=1.5, p=0.212), or progression-free survival (HR=0.67, p 0.060) between AOeV versus non-AOeV in analyses stratified by treatment received accounting for other prognostic covariates. Cigarette smoking was associated with a 2- 3-fold increased risk of death over those who quit or never smoked. Conclusions: Although AOeV do present at younger age and higher clinical stages than non-AOeV, the oncologic outcomes after accounting for treatments received and other prognostic covariates are similar. The implication is that AOeV are more likely to be recommended multimodality or systemic therapies at presentation.

scholarly journals Total and Nonheme Dietary Iron Intake Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Chinese Men and Women

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenni Zhu ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Ye Lu ◽  
Chunfeng Wu ◽  
Zhengyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Ferritin ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Heme Iron ◽  
Nonheme Iron ◽  
Total Iron ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Dietary Iron ◽  
Iron Intake ◽  
Men And Women

The causal relationship between serum ferritin and metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains inconclusive. Dietary iron intake increases serum ferritin. The objective of this study was to evaluate associations of total, heme, and nonheme dietary iron intake with MetS and its components in men and women in metropolitan China. Data from 3099 participants in the Shanghai Diet and Health Survey (SDHS) obtained during 2012–2013 were included in this analysis. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-h diet records from 3 consecutive days. Multivariate generalized linear mixed models were used to evaluate the associations of dietary iron intake with MetS and its components. After adjustment for potential confounders as age, sex, income, physical exercise, smoking status, alcohol use, and energy intake, a positive trend was observed across quartiles of total iron intake and risk of MetS (p for trend = 0.022). Compared with the lowest quartile of total iron intake (<12.72 mg/day), the highest quartile (≥21.88 mg/day) had an odds ratio (95% confidence interval), OR (95% CI), of 1.59 (1.15,2.20). In addition, the highest quartile of nonheme iron intake (≥20.10 mg/day) had a 1.44-fold higher risk of MetS compared with the lowest quartile (<11.62 mg/day), and higher risks of MetS components were associated with the third quartiles of total and nonheme iron intake. There was no association between heme iron intake and risk of MetS (p for trend = 0.895). Associations for total and nonheme iron intake with MetS risk were found in men but not in women. Total and nonheme dietary iron intake was found to be positively associated with MetS and its components in the adult population in metropolitan China. This research also revealed a gender difference in the association between dietary iron intake and MetS.

scholarly journals The association between sociodemographic characteristics and dementia in patients with atrial fibrillation

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2319-2327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Wändell ◽  
Axel C. Carlsson ◽  
Xinjun Li ◽  
Danijela Gasevic ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
National Patient ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Objectives Association between socio-demographic factors and dementia risk is studied in general but not for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Methods We studied AF patients ≥ 45 years in Sweden 1998–2012 (n = 537,513) using the Total Population Register for socio-demographic factors, the Swedish Cause of Death Register, and the National Patient Register (NPR) for incident dementia. Cox regression with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) was used for the association between exposure and outcome, adjusting for age and comorbidities. Results Totally 30,332 patients (5.6%) were diagnosed with dementia during the follow-up (mean 5.4 years). Of these, 14,097 were men (4.9%) and 16,235 were women (6.5%). Lower educational levels (reference: highest level) were associated with increased dementia, HRs (95% CI) for basic school for men 1.23 (1.18–1.29) and women 1.36 (1.30–1.42), and middle-level school for men 1.17 (1.11–1.22) and women 1.28 (1.22–1.34). Divorced men and women (reference: married) showed increased risk of dementia, HR 1.07 (1.01–1.13) and 1.12 (1.06–1.18), respectively, while widowed men showed lower risk, HR 0.84 (0.80–0.88). High deprivation neighborhood socio-economic status (NSES; reference: medium level) was associated with increased dementia in men, HR 1.11 (1.05–1.17), and low deprivation neighborhood socio-economic status (NSES) with increased dementia in men and women, HR 1.12 (1.06–1.18) and 1.18 (1.12–1.24), respectively. Conclusions Some results were expected, i.e. association between lower educational level and dementia. The higher risk of dementia in low deprivation NSES-areas could be due to a higher awareness about dementia, and subsequent earlier diagnosis and treatment of dementia.

scholarly journals Mortality among persons experiencing musculoskeletal pain: a prospective study among Danish men and women

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Holmberg ◽  
Michael Davidsen ◽  
Lau Caspar Thygesen ◽  
Mikala Josefine Krøll ◽  
Janne Schurmann Tolstrup
Keyword(s):  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Widespread Pain ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Respiratory Mortality ◽  
Discriminatory Accuracy ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain affects many people worldwide and has a great impact on general health and quality of life. However, the relationship between MSK pain and mortality is not clear. This study aimed to investigate all-cause and cause-specific mortality in relation to self-reported MSK pain within the last 14 days, including spread of pain and pain intensity. Methods This prospective cohort study included a representative cohort of 4806 men and women aged 16+ years, who participated in a Danish MSK survey 1990–1991. The survey comprised questions on MSK pain, including spread of pain and pain intensity. These data were linked with the Danish Register of Causes of Death to obtain information on cause of death. Mean follow-up was 19.1 years. Cox regression analyses were performed with adjustment for potential confounders. Results In the study population (mean age 44.5 years; 47.9% men), 41.0% had experienced MSK pain within the last 14 days and 1372 persons died during follow-up. For both sexes, increased all-cause mortality with higher spread and intensity of MSK pain was observed; a high risk was observed especially for men with strong pain (HR = 1.66; 95% CI:1.09–2.53) and women with widespread pain (HR = 1.49; 95% CI:1.16–1.92). MSK pain within last 14 days yielded c-statistics of 0.544 and 0.887 with age added. Moreover, persons with strong MSK pain had an increased cardiovascular mortality, persons with moderate pain and pain in two areas had an increased risk of cancer mortality, and persons with widespread pain had an increased risk of respiratory mortality. Conclusions Overall, persons experiencing MSK pain had a higher risk of mortality. The increased mortality was not accounted for by potential confounders. However, when evaluating these results, it is important to take the possibility of unmeasured confounders into account as we had no information on e.g. BMI etc. Significance The present study provides new insights into the long-term consequences of MSK pain. However, the discriminatory accuracy of MSK pain was low, which indicates that this information cannot stand alone when predicting mortality risk.

scholarly journals Association between Total Sugar Intake and Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Korean Men and Women

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Ha Seo ◽  
Hyesook Kim ◽  
Oran Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Increased Risk

There is increasing evidence emerging that suggests high sugar intake may adversely increase the incidence of chronic diseases. However, there are only a few related studies in Korea. Based on the current Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, this study examined whether total sugar intake above 20% of the total energy was a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean adults. This cross-sectional study involved 7005 adults (3751 men and 3254 women) aged 40–69 years, who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), a large community-based cohort study. Daily total sugar intake was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. About 9% and 16% of the men and women, respectively, derived >20% of energy intake from total sugar. The males in this category had a significantly higher odds of obesity defined as having a BMI ≥ 25 (OR = 1.491, 95% CI = 1.162–1.914), low HDL-cholesterol (OR = 1.313, 95% CI = 1.038–1.660), and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.332, 95% CI = 1.038–1.709) than those who received a lower proportion of energy intake from total sugar. These results suggest that high (>20%) energy intake from total sugar may be associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean men.

scholarly journals Lifestyle factors and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: a multinational cohort study

BMC Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Freisling ◽  
Vivian Viallon ◽  
Hannah Lennon ◽  
Vincenzo Bagnardi ◽  
Cristian Ricci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Healthy Lifestyles ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Background Although lifestyle factors have been studied in relation to individual non-communicable diseases (NCDs), their association with development of a subsequent NCD, defined as multimorbidity, has been scarcely investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between five lifestyle factors and incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. Methods In this prospective cohort study, 291,778 participants (64% women) from seven European countries, mostly aged 43 to 58 years and free of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) at recruitment, were included. Incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases was defined as developing subsequently two diseases including first cancer at any site, CVD, and T2D in an individual. Multi-state modelling based on Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of developing cancer, CVD, or T2D, and subsequent transitions to multimorbidity, in relation to body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and their combination as a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score. Cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) were estimated to compute 10-year absolute risks for transitions from healthy to cancer at any site, CVD (both fatal and non-fatal), or T2D, and to subsequent multimorbidity after each of the three NCDs. Results During a median follow-up of 11 years, 1910 men and 1334 women developed multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. A higher HLI, reflecting healthy lifestyles, was strongly inversely associated with multimorbidity, with hazard ratios per 3-unit increment of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.81), 0.84 (0.79 to 0.90), and 0.82 (0.77 to 0.88) after cancer, CVD, and T2D, respectively. After T2D, the 10-year absolute risks of multimorbidity were 40% and 25% for men and women, respectively, with unhealthy lifestyle, and 30% and 18% for men and women with healthy lifestyles. Conclusion Pre-diagnostic healthy lifestyle behaviours were strongly inversely associated with the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases, and with the prognosis of these diseases by reducing risk of multimorbidity.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality attributable to loneliness in older Swedish men and women.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masuma Novak ◽  
Margda waern ◽  
Lena Johansson ◽  
Anna Zettergren ◽  
Lina Ryden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Adjusted Model

Abstract Background. This study examined whether loneliness predicts cardiovascular- and all-cause mortality in older men and women. Methods. Baseline data from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, collected during 2000 on 70-year-olds born 1930 and living in Gothenburg were used for analysis (n=524). Mortality data were analyzed until 2012 through Swedish national registers. Results. Perceived loneliness was reported by 17.1% of the men and 30.9% of the women in a face-to-face interview with mental health professional. A total of 142 participants died during the 12-year follow-up period, with 5 334 person-years at risk, corresponding to 26.6 deaths/1000 person-years. Cardiovascular disease accounted for 59.2% of all deaths. The cumulative rates/1000 person-years for cardiovascular mortality were 20.8 (men) and 11.5 (women), and for all-cause mortality 33.8 (men) and 20.5 (women), respectively. In Cox regression models, no significant increased risk of mortality was seen for men with loneliness compared to men without loneliness (cardiovascular mortality HR 1.52, 95% CI 0.78 - 2.96; all-cause HR 1.32, 95% CI 0.77 - 2.28). Increased risk of cardiovascular mortality was observed in women with loneliness compared to those without (HR 2.25 95% CI 1.14 - 4.45), and the risk remained significant in a multivariable-adjusted model (HR 2.42 95% CI 1.04 - 5.65). Conclusions. Loneliness was shown to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in women. We found no evidence to indicate that loneliness was associated with an increased risk of either cardiovascular- or all-cause mortality in men.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular and all-cause mortality attributable to loneliness in older Swedish men and women

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masuma Novak ◽  
Margda Waern ◽  
Lena Johansson ◽  
Anna Zettergren ◽  
Lina Ryden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Adjusted Model

Abstract Background This study examined whether loneliness predicts cardiovascular- and all-cause mortality in older men and women. Methods Baseline data from the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies, collected during 2000 on 70-year-olds born 1930 and living in Gothenburg were used for analysis (n = 524). Mortality data were analyzed until 2012 through Swedish national registers. Results Perceived loneliness was reported by 17.1% of the men and 30.9% of the women in a face-to-face interview with mental health professional. A total of 142 participants died during the 12-year follow-up period, with 5334 person-years at risk, corresponding to 26.6 deaths/1000 person-years. Cardiovascular disease accounted for 59.2% of all deaths. The cumulative rates/1000 person-years for cardiovascular mortality were 20.8 (men) and 11.5 (women), and for all-cause mortality 33.8 (men) and 20.5 (women), respectively. In Cox regression models, no significant increased risk of mortality was seen for men with loneliness compared to men without loneliness (cardiovascular mortality HR 1.52, 95% CI 0.78–2.96; all-cause HR 1.32, 95% CI 0.77–2.28). Increased risk of cardiovascular mortality was observed in women with loneliness compared to those without (HR 2.25 95% CI 1.14–4.45), and the risk remained significant in a multivariable-adjusted model (HR 2.42 95% CI 1.04–5.65). Conclusions Loneliness was shown to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in women. We found no evidence to indicate that loneliness was associated with an increased risk of either cardiovascular- or all-cause mortality in men.

Abstract P105: Women with Atrial Fibrillation have Increased Risk of Incident Stroke: Insights from a Propensity-Matched Study of the AFFIRM Trial

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brita Roy ◽  
Ravi V Desai ◽  
Mustafa I Ahmed ◽  
Gregg C Fonarow ◽  
Wilbert S Anorow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Propensity Scores ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Comorbidity Burden ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Background: Women with atrial fibrillation (AF) have been reported to have poor outcomes. It remains unclear if this association is intrinsic or mediated by the higher comorbidity burden of female AF patients. Therefore, we examined the association between sex and outcomes in a balanced cohort of propensity-matched AF patients who participated in the Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) trial. Methods: Of the 4060 AFFIRM patients, 1594 (39%) were women. Propensity scores for female sex were calculated for each of the 4060 patients, and were used to assemble a cohort of 1097 pairs of men and women who were balanced on 51 baseline characteristics, including major cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and medication use, including warfarin. Matched Cox regression models were used to estimate the association between female sex and outcomes during 6 years of follow-up. Results: Patients (n=4060) had a mean (±SD) age of 70 (±8) years and 13% were African American. All-cause mortality occurred in 19% and 15% of matched men and women, respectively (matched HR when women were compared to men, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.69-1.11; p=0.279). All-cause hospitalization occurred in 61% of both men and women (matched HR for women, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.93-1.21; p=0.372). Sex was not associated with CV hospitalization (matched HR for women, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.97-1.32; p=0.111). Ischemic stroke occurred in 3% and 5% of matched men and women, respectively (OR when women were compared to men, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.28-3.18; p=0.002). There was no sex-related difference in major bleeding (7% each). Conclusion: In a cohort of AF patient in which men and women were well-balanced on 51 baseline characteristics including warfarin use, women had increased risk of stroke, but there was no sex-related variation in all-cause mortality or CV hospitalization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document