Associations of CT evaluations of antigravity muscles, emphysema and airway disease with longitudinal outcomes in patients with COPD

Multiple CT indices are associated with disease progression and mortality in patients with COPD, but which indices have the strongest association remain unestablished. This longitudinal 10-year observational study (n=247) showed that the emphysema severity on CT is more closely associated with the progression of airflow limitation and that a reduction in the cross-sectional area of erector spinae muscles (ESMCSA) on CT is more closely associated with mortality than the other CT indices, independent of patient demographics and pulmonary function. ESMCSA is a useful CT index that is more closely associated with long-term mortality than emphysema and airway disease in patients with COPD.

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Lymphopenia and risk for long-term mortality among patients undergoing coronary angiography

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1340 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

B Zafrir ◽

R Jaffe ◽

H Sliman ◽

O Barnett-Griness ◽

W Saliba

Keyword(s):

Coronary Angiography ◽

Mortality Risk ◽

Predictive Accuracy ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Cox Proportional Hazards ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Long Term Mortality

Abstract Background Lymphopenia has been shown to be associated with adverse prognosis in chronic disease states that are related to immune dysregulation. Purpose We aimed to determine the association between lymphopenia and all-cause mortality in patients presenting to coronary angiography with or without acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We also investigated whether elevated red blood cell distribution width (RDW), an established cardiovascular prognostic marker, further refines risk stratification and improves predictive accuracy beyond lymphocytes count. Methods Retrospective cohort analysis of patients undergoing coronary angiography for evaluation or treatment of coronary artery disease between 2003 and 2018. Long-term mortality risk associated with relative (1000–1500 /μL) or severe (<1000 /μL) lymphopenia was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression models, adjusting for comorbidities, ACS and RDW. Results Overall, 15179 patients underwent coronary angiography, at a mean age of 65±12 years. On cross-sectional analysis, lymphopenia was associated with kidney disease, cancer, heart failure and presentation with ACS, but lower rates of smoking and obesity. During a median follow-up of 7 (IQR 3.5–11.5) years, 4253 patients died. Compared to normal lymphocytes count (1500–5000 /μL), the multivariable adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval) for mortality was 1.31 (1.21–1.41) and 1.97 (1.75–2.22) for relative and severe lymphopenia, respectively. The increase in mortality associated with severe lymphopenia was significant in patients presenting with non-ACS [HR 2.18 (1.74–2.73)], ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) [HR 1.59 (1.15–2.21)], or unstable angina/non-STEMI [HR 2.00 (1.70–2.34)]; p-for-interaction 0.626. The association of lymphopenia with mortality remained significant after additional adjustment to RDW. High RDW (>14.5%) was associated with increased mortality risk in each of the lymphocytes count groups, and improved the predictive accuracy with AUC increase from 0.609 (0.601–0.616) to 0.646 (0.639–0.654) (p<0.001). Conclusions Lymphopenia is associated with increased risk for long-term mortality in patients undergoing coronary angiography, regardless of coronary presentation. High RDW may enhance the predictive ability of lymphopenia. Lymphocyte count and mortality risk Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

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High central venous saturation after cardiac surgery is associated with increased organ failure and long-term mortality: an observational cross-sectional study

Critical Care ◽

10.1186/s13054-015-0889-6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Felix Balzer ◽

Michael Sander ◽

Mark Simon ◽

Claudia Spies ◽

Marit Habicher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Organ Failure ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Central Venous ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Central Venous Saturation ◽

Long Term Mortality

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Two cases of six-chambered hearts

Annals of Saudi Medicine ◽

10.5144/0256-4947.2020.496 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 496-500

Author(s):

Naseer Choh ◽

Saika Amreen ◽

Amber Bashir ◽

Tariq Gojwari ◽

Akshit Kumar

Keyword(s):

Female Child ◽

The Other ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Management Guidelines ◽

Patient Demographics ◽

Septal Defects ◽

Unusual Combination ◽

Long Term Prognosis ◽

The Right

ABSTRACT Double-chambered right ventricles (DCRV) and left ventricles are rare entities on their own. We present two cases with an unusual combination of double-chambered right as well as left ventricles. One was discovered in a 28-year-old female, while the other was found at birth in a female child. The differing nature of both the patient demographics as well as the presentation with a common morphological background is shown on both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The oldest description of an obstructive muscular band within the right ventricle was given in 1867. In the literature, there is ample description of the long-term prognosis and management guidelines for DCRV, but no inheritance patterns or risk factors have been identified except for associations with septal defects, tetralogy of Fallot and transposition of the great arteries. A combination of both double-sided left as well as right ventricles has been published in literature a few times with little details about management and prognosis. SIMILAR CASES PUBLISHED: Although many cases of DCRV and DCLV have been published, to our knowledge only 3 cases of combined DCRV and DCLV have been published in literature.

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A Microanalytical Simulation Model to Predict the Long-Term Evolution of Employment Biographies in Austria: The Demographics Module

Austrian Journal of Statistics ◽

10.17713/ajs.v38i4.277 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Marcus Wurzer ◽

Reinhold Hatzinger

Keyword(s):

Pension System ◽

Age Groups ◽

Long Term Evolution ◽

Population Ageing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Longitudinal Outcomes ◽

Term Evolution ◽

Policy Measures ◽

The Impact

The well-known problems of decreasing birth rates and population ageing represent a major challenge for the Austrian pension system. It is expected that the group of pensioners will grow steadily in the future, while the proportion of people that support them – the taxpayers – will shrink. In this regard, microsimulation provides a valuable tool to identify the impact of various policy measures. With microsimulation, it is not only possibleto predict cross-sectional data (e.g., the distribution of age groups in 2050), but also to simulate lifecourses of people, providing longitudinal outcomes. The demographics module is the first in a series of modules that are part of a microsimulation prototype. This prototype is being developed in order to predict the long-term evolution of Employment Biographies in Austria.

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OPG/TRAIL ratio as a predictive biomarker of mortality in patients with type A acute aortic dissection

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-23787-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jie Lu ◽

Ping Li ◽

Ke Ma ◽

Yang Li ◽

Hui Yuan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aortic Dissection ◽

Acute Aortic Dissection ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Type A ◽

Short Term ◽

Post Discharge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Derivation Cohort ◽

Long Term Mortality

AbstractFollowing hospital discharge, patients with type A acute aortic dissection (TA-AAD) may present an increase in mortality risk. However, little is known about specific biomarkers associated with post-discharge survival, and there is a paucity of prognostic markers associated with TA-AAD. Here, we identify nine candidate proteins specific for patietns with TA-AAD in a cross-sectional dataset by unbiased protein screening and in-depth bioinformatic analyses. In addition, we explore their association with short-term and long-term mortality in a derivation cohort of patients with TA-AAD, including an internal (n = 300) and external (n = 236) dataset. An elevated osteoprotegerin (OPG)/tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) ratio was the strongest predictor of overall, 30-day, post-30-day mortality in both datasets and was confirmed to be a strong predictor of mortality in an independent validation cohort (n = 400). Based on OPG/TRAIL ratio-guided risk stratification, patients at high risk (>33) had a higher 1-year mortality (55.6% vs. 4.3%; 68.2% vs. 2.6%) than patients at low risk (<4) in both cohorts. In Conclusion, we show that an elevated OPG/TRAIL ratio is associated with a significant increase in short-term and long-term mortality in patients with TA-AAD.

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Drivers of Long-Term Care Considerations by Persons With Cognitive Impairment

Journal of Applied Gerontology ◽

10.1177/0733464820903908 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 073346482090390

Author(s):

Megan Shepherd-Banigan ◽

Hailey J. James ◽

Valerie A. Smith ◽

Brenda L. Plassman ◽

Eric Jutkowitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Financial Constraints ◽

Long Term Care ◽

Family Care ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Geographical Proximity ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Term Care ◽

Patient Demographics ◽

Financial Planner

Consideration of place of care is the first step in long-term care (LTC) planning and is critical for patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease; yet, drivers of consideration of place of care are unknown. We apply machine learning algorithms to cross-sectional data from the CARE-IDEAS (Caregivers’ Reactions and Experience: Imaging Dementia—Evidence for Amyloid Scanning) study ( n = 869 dyads) to identify drivers of patient consideration of institutional, in-home paid, and family care. Although decisions about LTC are complex, important drivers included whether patients consulted with a financial planner about LTC, patient demographics, loneliness, and geographical proximity of family members. Findings about consulting with a financial planner match literature showing that perceived financial constraints limit the range of choices in LTC planning. Well-documented drivers of institutionalization, such as care partner burden, were not identified as important variables. By understanding which factors drive patients to consider each type of care, clinicians can guide patients and their families in LTC planning.

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Evaluation of the Persian Transcript of the COPD Assessment Test in the Measurement of COPD Health Status in Iranian COPD Patients

Global Journal of Health Science ◽

10.5539/gjhs.v8n5p225 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 225 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alireza Azargon ◽

Mohammadreza Gholami ◽

Ali Farhadi ◽

Maryam Hadi Chegni ◽

Abolfazl Zendedel

Keyword(s):

Disease Severity ◽

Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease ◽

Airway Disease ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Airflow Limitation ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Copd Assessment Test ◽

The Relationship ◽

Obstruction Severity

AIM: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a completely irreversible obstructive airway disease. The COPD assessment test (CAT) is one of the standard methods for the clinical assessment of the disease, which is translated into Persian. This study investigated the reliability of the test and its relationship with the severity of the disease.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 120 patients filled out the Persian transcript of the test. After two weeks, the patients filled out the CAT test again. Obstruction severity was determined for all the patients using spirometry, and the patients were categorized into four groups according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease criteria. The relationship between the test scores and the disease severity wan validated.RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 51.5 years. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the Persian transcript of the test was 0.872 in the first time, and 0.885 in the second time. Intragroup reliability, test re-test and intragroup correlations were significant for all the questions (<0.001). The relationship between the test mean score and obstruction severity was significant, and the correlation between disease categorization in accordance with obstruction severity and categorization according to the test score was significant as well.CONCLUSION: The Persian transcript of the assessment test for COPD was reliable and is directly related to the disease severity according to airflow limitation.

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HUBUNGAN OBESITAS DENGAN PENINGKATAN ASAM URAT PADA REMAJA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA

e-CliniC ◽

10.35790/ecl.2.1.2014.3858 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Edwin Z. Sipayung

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Body Mass ◽

Negative Impact ◽

The Other ◽

Short Term ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Consecutive Sampling ◽

Common Causes ◽

Acid Test

Abstract: Obesity is a serious and growing problem for healthcare systems in the world and caused by various factors. The most common causes are genetic factors, lack of physical activity or a combination of these factors. If not treated immediately it will have a negative impact on human health in the short term or long term. Uric acid itself is the end product of purine metabolism in humans. The increased uric acid levels are influenced by various factors e.g. genetics, hypothyroidism, obesity, high diet purine. This study aimed to find the correlation between obesity and the increase of uric acid in teenagers. This was an observational analytic designed with cross sectional approach by using consecutive sampling from November to December 2013. In this study there were 30 obese adolescents consisted of 50% males and 50% females. There were 16 adolescents of 14 years old (53.33%) as the largest group. There were 10 (30%) of adolescents with body mass indeces of 28 (the highest number of samples compared to the other body mass indeces). Uric acid test showed increases of uric acid in 15 teens (50%), and the other 15 teens (50%) without increases of uric acid. Conclusion: There is no relationship between obesity and increases of uric acid. Keywords: obesity, uric acid, adolescentObesitas merupakan masalah yang serius dan berkembang untuk sistem kesehatan di dunia. Obesitas diakibatkan oleh berbagai faktor. Penyebab paling umum adalah faktor genetik, kurangnya aktivitas fisik atau kombinasi dari faktor-faktor ini. Jika tidak segera ditangani maka akan berdampak buruk pada kesehatan manusia dalam jangka pendek ataupun jangka panjang. Asam urat sendiri merupakan produk akhir metabolisme purin pada manusia. Penyebab meningkatnya kadar asam urat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai macam faktor contohnya genetik, hipotiroid, obesitas, diet tinggi purin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan obesitas dengan peningkatan asam urat pada remaja. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional yang dilakukan dengan cara consecutive sampling dari bulan November sampai Desember 2013. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 30 remaja yang mengalami obesitas. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan 15 remaja perempuan (50%) dan 15 remaja laki-laki (50%). Kelompok umur terbanyak ialah 14 tahun berjumlah 16 remaja (53,33%). Terdapat 10 remaja (30%) yang memiliki indeks massa tubuh 28, dan golongan tersebut memiliki jumlah remaja terbesar dibandingkan golongan indeks masa tubuh lainnya. Hasil pemeriksaan asam urat ditemukan peningkatan sebanyak 15 remaja (50%), dan yang tidak mengalami peningkatan sebanyak 15 remaja (50%). Simpulan: Tidak ada hubungan antara obesitas dengan peningkatan asam urat. Kata kunci: obesitas, asam urat, remaja

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Trends in the prevalence of airflow limitation in a general Japanese population: two serial cross-sectional surveys from the Hisayama Study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023673 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. e023673

Author(s):

Hiroaki Ogata ◽

Yoichiro Hirakawa ◽

Koichiro Matsumoto ◽

Jun Hata ◽

Daigo Yoshida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Population Attributable Fraction ◽

Airway Disease ◽

Population Based ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Airflow Limitation ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Attributable Fractions ◽

Attributable Fractions

ObjectivesChronic obstructive airway disease, which is characterised by airflow limitation, is a major burden on public health. Reductions in environmental pollution in the atmosphere and workplace and a decline in the prevalence of smoking over recent decades may have affected the prevalence of airflow limitation in Japan. The present epidemiological study aimed to evaluate trends in the prevalence of airflow limitation and in the influence of risk factors on airflow limitation in a Japanese community.DesignTwo serial cross-sectional surveys.SettingData from the Hisayama Study, a population-based prospective study that has been longitudinally conducted since 1961.ParticipantsA total of 1842 and 3033 residents aged ≥40 years with proper spirometric measurements participated in the 1967 and 2012 surveys, respectively.Main outcome measuresAirflow limitation was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity <70% by spirometry. For each survey, the age-adjusted prevalence of airflow limitation was evaluated by sex. ORs and population attributable fractions of risk factors on the presence of airflow limitation were compared between surveys.ResultsThe age-standardised prevalence of airflow limitation decreased from 1967 to 2012 in both sexes (from 26.3% to 16.1% in men and from 19.8% to 10.5% in women). Smoking was significantly associated with higher likelihood of airflow limitation in both surveys, although the magnitude of its influence was greater in 2012 than in 1967 (the multivariable-adjusted OR was 1.63 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.24) in 1967 and 2.26 (95% CI 1.72 to 2.99) in 2012; p=0.007 for heterogeneity). Accordingly, the population attributable fraction of smoking on airflow limitation was 33.5% in 2012, which was 1.5-fold higher than that in 1967 (21.1%).ConclusionsThe prevalence of airflow limitation was decreased over 45 years in Japan, but the influence of smoking on airflow limitation increased with time.

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Risk Factors for Hospital and Long-Term Mortality of Critically Ill Elderly Patients Admitted to an Intensive Care Unit

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/960575 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

A. Mukhopadhyay ◽

B. C. Tai ◽

K. C. See ◽

W. Y. Ng ◽

T. K. Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

The Elderly ◽

Airway Disease ◽

Mortality Prediction ◽

Elderly Group ◽

Age Related ◽

Long Term Mortality

Background. Data on long-term outcomes of elderly (≥65 years) patients in ICU are sparse.Materials and Methods. Adult patients (n=1563, 45.4% elderly) admitted over 28 months were analyzed by competing risks regression model to determine independent factors related to in-hospital and long-term mortality.Results. 414 (26.5%) and 337 (21.6%) patients died in-hospital and during the 52 months following discharge, respectively; the elderly group had higher mortality during both periods. After discharge, elderly patients had 2.3 times higher mortality compared to the general population of the same age-group. In-hospital mortality was independently associated with mechanical ventilation (subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) 2.74), vasopressors (SHR 2.56), neurological disease (SHR 1.77), and Mortality Prediction Model II score (SHR 1.01) regardless of age and with malignancy (SHR, hematological 3.65, nonhematological 3.4) and prior renal replacement therapy (RRT, SHR 2.21) only in the elderly. Long-term mortality was associated with low hemoglobin concentration (SHR 0.94), airway disease (SHR 2.23), and malignancy (SHR hematological 1.11, nonhematological 2.31) regardless of age and with comorbidities especially among the nonelderly.Conclusions. Following discharge, elderly ICU patients have higher mortality compared to the nonelderly and general population. In the elderly group, prior RRT and malignancy contribute additionally to in-hospital mortality risk. In the long-term, comorbidities (age-related), anemia, airway disease, and malignancy were significantly associated with mortality.

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