Autumn lipid reserves, overwinter lipid depletion, and high winter mortality of rainbow trout in experimental lakes.
Accumulation of lipid reserves is considered important for the overwinter survival of many animals. Much of our current knowledge comes from either laboratory studies, or field studies that are not well controlled, but rarely is overwinter survival directly estimated to evaluate selective mortality. Here, we studied plasticity of lipid storage, overwinter lipid depletion, and subsequent survival rainbow trout stocked into experimental lakes that differed in productivity but experienced the same local winter conditions. Productive lakes produced trout with higher lipid content and steeper allometric slopes in contrast to trout in low food lakes; all substantially lower than those determined in the lab. trout from low productivity lakes emerged from winter in poor condition, close to the expected critical minimum needed for survival, in comparison to survivors from higher productivity lakes. As expected, overwinter mortality was lipid-dependent, with fish in low food lakes nearing 90% mortality and about 60% in high food lakes. Importantly, these estimates are higher than from laboratory (ca. 70%) and modelling studies (0 to 14%) for this species