Endophytic fungus diversity in soybean plants submitted to conditions of elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huberman Valadares Gonçalves ◽  
Yumi Oki ◽  
Leandra Bordignon ◽  
Mariana Costa Ferreira ◽  
José Eustáquio dos Santos Jr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Increased Temperature ◽  
The World ◽  
Species Substitution ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Species Productivity

Global climatic changes can have drastic impacts on plant species including severe consequences for the agricultural species productivity. Many of these species present important mutualisms with endophytic fungi that positively influence their performance. The present study evaluated whether the increases in CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature predicted for the year 2100 may cause changes in foliar carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) concentrations in soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) and, consequently, the interactions with its endophytic fungi. The effects of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature were evaluated in four treatments in open-top chambers: (1) Control; (2) Increased Temperature; (3) Increased CO<sub>2</sub>; (4) Increased CO<sub>2</sub> and Temperature. Increased atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> resulted in decreased foliar nitrogen concentration, while increased temperature increased it. A total of 16 taxa of endophytic fungi were identified based on sequencing <i><i>ITS</i></i> (Internal Transcribed Spacer) regions of rRNA subunits. Increased atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature were observed to potentially modify the endophytic mycobiota of soybean plants. Results suggest the fungi species substitution as a consequence of changes in foliar nitrogen concentration and C:N ratio. Predicted climatic changes shall affect the plant and endophytes relationships, which will in turn affect the performance and resistance of soybean, one of the most important crops in the world.

scholarly journals Publisher Correction: Hydro-climatic changes of wetlandscapes across the world

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Åhlén ◽  
G. Vigouroux ◽  
G. Destouni ◽  
J. Pietroń ◽  
N. Ghajarnia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Changes ◽  
The World

Early growth of lodgepole pine after establishment of alsike clover–Rhizobium nitrogen-fixing symbiosis

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1089-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Trowbridge ◽  
F.B. Holl
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Percent Cover ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Needle Mass

An overdense lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. ex Loud.) stand was knocked down and the site was prepared by broadcast burn, windrow burn, or mechanical forest floor removal. Inoculated alsike clover (Trifoliumhybridum L.) was seeded at 0, 10, 20, and 30 kg/ha for the three different site preparation treatments to determine the effects of (i) site preparation on infection and effectiveness of the clover–Rhizobium symbiosis and clover percent cover and (ii) the clover–Rhizobium N2-fixing symbiosis on survival, early growth, and foliar nitrogen concentration of lodgepole pine seedlings. The N2-fixing symbiosis established well in all treatments. Clover percent cover increased with increasing rate of seeding, although by relatively few percent in the clover seeded plots. Broadcast burning, windrow burning, and mechanical forest floor removal did not affect the establishment of the N2-fixing symbiosis or clover percent cover. Lodgepole pine survival was not affected by the seeding treatments in any year, nor were height measurements during the first three growing seasons. Seedling height was slightly less in clover-seeded plots compared with controls in the fourth growing season. Lodgepole pine seedlings on clover-seeded plots had decreased diameter growth compared with controls during the first three growing seasons, but incremental diameter growth no longer showed this effect by the fourth growing season. Needle mass (g/100 needles) was less in clover-seeded plots at the end of the second growing season, but this effect was reversed by the fourth growing season, when both needle mass and foliar nitrogen concentration in lodgepole pine foliage were greater in clover-seeded plots.

scholarly journals Bioactive Products from Endophytic Fungi of Sages (Salvia spp.)

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Zimowska ◽  
Monika Bielecka ◽  
Barbara Abramczyk ◽  
Rosario Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
The World

In the aim of implementing new technologies, sustainable solutions and disruptive innovation to sustain biodiversity and reduce environmental pollution, there is a growing interest by researchers all over the world in bioprospecting endophytic microbial communities as an alternative source of bioactive compounds to be used for industrial applications. Medicinal plants represent a considerable source of endophytic fungi of outstanding importance, which highlights the opportunity of identifying and screening endophytes associated with this unique group of plants, widespread in diverse locations and biotopes, in view of assessing their biotechnological potential. As the first contribution of a series of papers dedicated to the Lamiaceae, this article reviews the occurrence and properties of endophytic fungi associated with sages (Salvia spp.).

scholarly journals Development of Plants in Combination of Products Associated with the Inoculation in the Soybeans Seeds Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Everton Vinicius Zambiazzi ◽  
Adriano Teodoro Bruzi ◽  
Frederico Dellano Souza Silva ◽  
Eric Vinicius Vieira Silva ◽  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Root Mass ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Shoot Mass

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different combinations of products applied through seed treatment, associated with the inoculation, in the development of soybean plants. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Federal University of Lavras (UFLA). The experimental design was a randomized complete block, with four repetitions in a factorial 4 × 11, being four soybean cultivars and 11 combinations of products associated with the inoculation in the treatment of seeds. At the stage (R1) it was evaluated: plant height, leaf area, foliar chlorophyll content, number of trifoliate leaves, dry shoot mass, dry root mass, root length, root volume, nodules total number, viable nodules total number, nodules dry mass and foliar nitrogen content. The combination of products in the treatment of seeds, do not present phytotoxic effects in the characters related to the development, except for dry matter of aerial part and root volume. The combination of products in treatment of seeds influences negatively the nodulation, especially in the treatments with presence of nematicide. The inoculation performed in isolation or combined with fungicide and insecticide (I+FI) maintains nodule levels.

Mass loss and nitrogen dynamics of decaying litter of grasslands: the apparent low nitrogen immobilization potential of root detritus

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Seastedt ◽  
W. J. Parton ◽  
D. S. Ojima
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
C:N Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Nitrogen Immobilization ◽  
Litter Bag ◽  
Root Litter ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Litter-bag studies and simulation modeling were used to examine the relationship between mass loss and nitrogen content of decaying prairie foliage and root litter. In contrast with forest studies, grassland roots were low in lignin and nitrogen, decayed more rapidly than foliage, and demonstrated very low nitrogen immobilization potentials. Our findings agree with reports indicating that buried substrates with high C:N ratios do not immobilize substantial amounts of nitrogen and that nitrogen-limited environments induce steeper slopes in the mass loss – nitrogen concentration relationship. However, results suggesting rapid nitrogen mineralization contradict our own studies demonstrating reduced inorganic nitrogen availability in soils of frequently burned prairie. Simulation of observed patterns using the CENTURY grassland model indicated that these results could not occur without creating soil organic matter with unrealistically high C:N ratios. Litter-bag studies of buried substrates therefore may provide an incomplete perspective on the mass loss and nitrogen dynamics of buried litter in grassland and agroecosystem soils. Key words: Andropogon gerardii, C:N ratio, decomposition, immobilization, mineralization, nitrogen.

Fuelling America's Climatic Apocalypse

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Leduc
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
The United States ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Economic

AbstractThis paper examines the powerful intersection of Christian fundamentalism and fossil fuel interests in the United States' Republican administration's policy response to climate change. Of particular interest is the increasing recognition that apocalyptic Christian beliefs are informing America's political economic and public understanding of environmental issues, thus allowing climate change to be interpreted from a religious frame of reference that could impact a viable response in a country whose GHG emissions are amongst the highest in the world. While liberal secularists may think the Christian apocalypse to be a misguided belief, scientific discourses on the potential interacting impacts of climatic changes and energy shortages offer an almost complementary rational depiction of apocalypse. By bringing these Christian and secular revelations into dialogue, the following interdisciplinary analysis offers a unique perspective on the way in which apocalyptic thought can both negatively and positively inform a political economic response to climate change.

scholarly journals Five Phases Music Therapy (FPMT) in Chinese Medicine: Fundamentals and Application

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Han Lai
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Five Phases ◽  
The Universe

Music therapy has served as complementary and alternative medicine for various neurological disorders. Five Phases Music Therapy (FPMT) employs the theory of five phases and five music scales or tones (宫Gong (do), 商Shang (ri), 角Jue (mi), 徵Zhi (so) and 羽Yu (la)) to analyze and treat mind-body illness. In Chinese Medicine (CM), the five music scales are used to connect the human body and the universe, interpret personalities and constitution and analyze the influences of climatic changes on health. FPMT has a self-contained theory and routine of practice application. Large amounts of clinical and fundamental reports have been available and clinical benefits have been obtained. However more systemic clinic research esp. evidence-based and random controlled trials must be performed to validate and optimize its routines and biological and neurological mechanism must be further explored. It&rsquo;s reasonable to believe that the effective music therapy will attract more attention from the world outside China with the introduction of FPMT.

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