Genetic analysis of the protein and lysine content of spring triticale

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Mather ◽  
V. W. Poysa
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Protein content and lysine content of protein were evaluated in the grain of 147 spring triticale lines (× Triticosecale Wittmack) derived from 15 crosses, and grown at two locations. Percent protein was negatively correlated with 1000-grain weight, grain plumpness, and yield per plant. Protein per grain was positively correlated with these traits. Lysine content of protein was negatively correlated with percent protein, protein per grain, 1000-grain weight, grain plumpness, and yield per plant. Covariate adjustment for correlated traits greatly reduced genotypic variation in the lysine content of protein. Reciprocal (cytoplasmic) differences were detected for protein per grain in some crosses. Gene effects analysis detected mainly additive gene action. Some dominance was detected for higher protein per grain. Nonallelic interaction was detected for percent protein and protein per grain in one cross each. Additive genetic variation appeared to be sufficient for improvement of grain protein content, but insufficient for improvement of lysine content by conventional breeding efforts.

Griffing and Hayman diallel analyses of protein and lysine content of spring triticale

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Mather ◽  
V. W. Poysa
Keyword(s):  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Lysine Content ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
Parental Phenotype ◽  
Triticosecale Wittmack ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

Data on the percent protein, protein per grain, and lysine content of grain protein in a 6 × 6 diallel cross of triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) were analyzed by both the Griffing and the Hayman diallel methods. Results agreed with those of a previous analysis of the same data by the gene effects method. No advantage of diallel analysis over gene effects analysis was indicated. Parallel use of the Griffing and Hayman analyses illustrated the relationship between these two diallel methods. Gene action was mainly additive for the three traits, although some dominance was detected for percent protein and protein per grain. Dominance for protein per grain was in the direction of higher protein. Variation in lysine content was largely attributable to variation in percent protein, protein per grain, and grain plumpness. Selection of parents on the basis of the Griffing general combining ability effects would be similar to selection on the basis of parental phenotype.

RESPONSE OF AGRONOMIC AND BARLEY QUALITY TRAITS TO NITROGEN FERTILIZER

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 831-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHARLES F. McGUIRE ◽  
E. A. HOCKETT ◽  
D. M. WESENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Percent Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Barley Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

Malting and non-malting barleys fertilized with nitrogen were evaluated for qualitative kernel properties, agronomic performance, cultivar-treatment interactions, and the relationship between malt quality and agronomic performance. Sixty-seven kilograms per hectare of N increased the mean yield of five barley cultivars by 38 and 44% over the checks at Ft. Ellis in 1971 (environment 3) and 1973 (environment 4), respectively; 50 kg/ha of N increased yields over the checks at Aberdeen by 8% in both 1971 (environment 1) and 1973 (environment 2). Doubling the rates at either location did not increase yields further. Nitrogen treatments delayed heading dates at Ft. Ellis in 1971 and height of plants increased at Ft. Ellis but not at Aberdeen. Nitrogen increased barley diastatic power (DP), but decreased barley extracts. Barley protein percent increased significantly with each increment of applied N. A differential response of cultivars to applied N resulted in interactions for barley DP and percent protein. Cultivars × environments interacted for grain yield, heading date, barley DP, barley extract, and grain protein content. Nitrogen rates interacted with environment for plant height, barley extract, and grain protein content. Forty-six of 65 simple correlations between malting and agronomic or kernel traits were significant.

scholarly journals Rice Novel Semidwarfing Gene d60 Can Be as Effective as Green Revolution Gene sd1

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Motonori Tomita ◽  
Keiichiro Ishimoto
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Culm Length ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Unpolished Rice

Gene effects on the yield performance were compared among promising semidwarf genes, namely, novel gene d60, representative gene sd1 with different two source IR8 and Jukkoku, and double dwarf combinations of d60 with each sd1 allele, in a Koshihikari background. Compared with the culm length of variety Koshihikari (mean, 88.8 cm), that of the semidwarf or double dwarf lines carrying Jukkoku_sd1, IR8_sd1, d60, Jukkoku_sd1 plus d60, or IR8_sd1 plus d60 was shortened to 71.8 cm, 68.5 cm, 65.7 cm, 48.6 cm, and 50.3 cm, respectively. Compared with the yield of Koshihikari (mean, 665.3 g/m2), that of the line carrying Jukkoku_sd1 allele showed the highest value (772.6 g/m2, 16.1% higher than Koshihikari), while that of IR8_sd1, d60 and IR8_sd1 plus d60, was slightly decreased by 7.1%, 5.5%, and 9.7% respectively. The line carrying Jukkoku_sd1 also showed the highest value in number of panicles and florets/panicle, 16.2% and 11.1% higher than in Koshihikari, respectively, and these effects were responsible for the increases in yield. The 1000-grain weight was equivalent among all genetic lines. Except for the semidwarf line carrying Jukkoku_sd1, semidwarf line carrying d60 was equivalent to line carrying IR8_sd1in the yield of unpolished rice, and yield components such as panicle length, panicle number, floret number /panicle. Therefore, the semidwarfing gene d60 is one of the best possible choices in practical breeding.

scholarly journals Glutamine synthetase in Durum Wheat: Genotypic Variation and Relationship with Grain Protein Content

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenica Nigro ◽  
Stefania Fortunato ◽  
Stefania L. Giove ◽  
Annalisa Paradiso ◽  
Yong Q. Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Protein

scholarly journals Effect of Dwarfing Gene Ddw1 on Height and Agronomic Traits in Spring Triticale in Greenhouse and Field Experiments in a Non-Black Earth Region of Russia

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kroupin ◽  
Anastasiya Chernook ◽  
Gennady Karlov ◽  
Alexander Soloviev ◽  
Mikhail Divashuk
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Spike Density ◽  
Dwarfing Gene ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
New Crop

Triticale is a relatively new crop which still possesses serious drawbacks that can be significantly improved by breeding. The dwarfing genes proved to be very useful in the development of new lodging resistant and productive cultivars of winter triticale. The aim of our research was to assess the effect of the Ddw1 dwarfing gene from rye on the agronomic valuable traits in spring triticale. The Ddw1 effect was studied in the greenhouse experiment in segregating the F2:3 population and in the field of F3:4 and F4:5 families derived from crossing winter triticale ‘Hongor’ (Ddw1Ddw1) and spring triticale ‘Dublet’ (ddw1ddw1). As a result, in all three generations, a strong decrease in plant height was demonstrated that was accompanied by a decrease in grain weight per spike and 1000-grain weight. In field experiments, a decrease in spike length and increase in spike density and delay in flowering and heading were observed. As a result of decrease in culm vegetative weight due to Ddw1, the harvest index measured in F4:5 increased. The spike fertility and number of grains were not affected by Ddw1. The comparison of Ddw1 in rye, winter, and spring triticale, and the possible role of Ddw1 in improving spring triticale are discussed.

scholarly journals Marker-assisted improvement of grain protein content and grain weight in Indian bread wheat

Euphytica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 208 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish K. Vishwakarma ◽  
B. Arun ◽  
V. K. Mishra ◽  
P. S. Yadav ◽  
H. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Protein

The effect of winter and spring sowing on the grain composition of oat varieties

1974 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Grain Composition ◽  
Maturation Period ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Kernel Content ◽  
Spring Sowing ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

SUMMARYSix spring varieties of oats were sown in a glasshouse in winter and in spring. The grain was analysed for oil, protein and kernel content and 1000-grain weight, and the maturation period was measured.Oil content varied from 2·4 to 7·9% and protein content from 7·9 to 16·3%. Varietal differences in oil content between varieties were recognized and these were maintained at both sowing dates.Winter sowing, in comparison with spring sowing, resulted in an increase in oil and kernel content and 1000-grain weight, and a decrease in protein content. The increased oil content was partly due to increased kernel content, while the decrease in protein content was partly due to changes in 1000-grain weight.The maturation period was not affected by sowing date, but was positively correlated with oil content. Oil and protein content were not negatively correlated, and there were indications that it may be possible to select varieties which will produce grain high in both oil and protein.

scholarly journals Reduced fertiliser use and changes in cereal grain weight, test weight and protein content in Finland in 1990-2005

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. SALO ◽  
J. ESKELINEN ◽  
L. JAUHIAINEN
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
P Application ◽  
Fertiliser Use ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Since 1995 the Finnish Agri-Environmental Program has set limits for nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertiliser application rates in agriculture. The decrease in N and P fertiliser recommendations, and especially the decrase in N and P amounts applied in practice, has raised the question of whether N and P application rates are too low to produce high quality yields. The test weight, 1000 grain weight and protein concentrations measured in 1990–2005 by the Cereal Inspection Unit of the Finnish Food Safety Authority were analysed against soil type, location and NP fertiliser data. The purpose of this study was to document and statistically analyse changes in fertiliser use, important quality factors and the connection between fertiliser use and grain quality of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), oats (Avena sativa L.), winter rye (Secale cereale L.) as well as spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Applications of N and P fertiliser, test weight and 1000 grain weight have decreased in Finland since 1990-1994. Protein content began to decrease in 1995–1999, but then increased in 2000–2005. The statistical analysis showed that reduced N application rates are associated with lower test weight, 1000 grain weight and grain protein concentration. In addition, low P application rates were associated with reduced 1000 grain weight and protein concentration in some instances, although protein concentration also increased in winter wheat grain. The magnitude of grain quality reduction was not solely explicable through N and P application rates. During the observation period many other factors changed in Finnish cereal production and, for example, the decrease in cereal prices, increase of reduced tillage and low investments in drainage and liming could have been associated with decreased grain quality.;

scholarly journals GRAIN QUALITY OF MUTANT LINES INDUCED IN MALTING BARLEY VARIETIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
B. Dyulgerova ◽  
N. Dyulgerov
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Mutant Lines ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Forty-three mutant lines selected on the base of their high grain yield along with parent varieties Kuber, Zagorets, Asparuh, and Imeon were grown in field trials at the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat in three consecutive years. Eight physical and chemical characteristics of grain related to the grain quality of malting barley were measured. There was considerable variation among barley mutant lines for all studied traits. Mutant lines with higher extract content, grain uniformity, 1000 grain weight, and lower protein content in grain compared to parent varieties were found. The correlations among traits showed that improvement of extract content of mutant lines was associated with increased grain uniformity, starch content, grain size, and 1000 grain weight and reduced protein content. The results from cluster analysis indicated that mutants originated from the same parent were grouped into different clusters. Therefore, the sodium azide treatment effectively induced diverse types of changes in the grain characteristics.

scholarly journals Influence of vermicompost and npk on the growth and protein content of boro rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
KN Nishi ◽  
S Rahman ◽  
K Nakamura ◽  
MK Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Boro Rice ◽  
Oriza Sativa

Influence of vermicompost (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 ton/ha), Nitrogen (12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 kg/ha), phosphorus (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 kg/ha) and potassium (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg/ha) on the growth and protein contents of Boro rice (Oriza sativa L.) was examined. Highest height (93.03cm), leaf number (23 no/plant), highest productive plants observed (8.67 no/pot), vegetative plants (8.0 no/pot), dry weight of panicle per plant (9.45 g), length of panicle (22.37 cm), number of grains per panicle (153.33),1000-grain weight (21.56 g) and the maximum dry weight (28.15 g/plant) were observed in VC10 ton/ha + N12P4K10 kg/ha treatments. Highest concentrations of protein content (29.875%), P (0.478%), K (5.20%) and S (0.182%) were in N60P20K50 kg/ha. Results showed that the overall best growth performance and yield were achieved in VC10 ton/ha + N12P4K10 kg/ha treatments. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(2): 69-74

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