scholarly journals Recall of physiology knowledge among medical interns: an exploratory study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-546
Author(s):  
Asmaa M. AlMohanna ◽  
Mohammed E. Suliman ◽  
Noran A. AlEssa ◽  
Said Y. Khatib ◽  
Abdallah A. Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Instructional System ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Traditional Curriculum ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Graduate Studies ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Medical Interns ◽  
The Difference

The aim of the study was to explore the factors associated with the recall of basic medical physiology knowledge among medical interns and to determine the level of retained basic science knowledge. Two hundred and four interns, 114 women and 90 men, working in two major tertiary medical care centers, King Fahad Medical City (KFMC; 29 students) and King Khalid University Hospital (KKUH; 117 students), in Riyadh city, participated in the study. An anonymous knowledge test with 10 validated multiple-choice questions was developed specifically for this purpose. One hundred and forty-six interns (117 working at KKUH and 29 at KFMC) had graduated from medical schools adopting a conventional instructional system, whereas 58 (3 from KKUH and 55 from KFMC had graduated from schools adopting an integrated system (hybrid problem-based learning). Fifty-two students (26%) gained a score ≥60%, whereas 152 students (74%) obtained <60% of the score. Higher scores were associated with younger age ( P < 0.01), traditional curriculum ( P < 0.001), interns from KKUH ( P < 0.001), and candidates for postgraduate studies ( P < 0.02). There was no significant association between recall of physiology knowledge and all other variables studied, including sex. Multivariate analyses show that age and traditional curriculum are the only significant predictors of knowledge retention. Almost three-fourths of the interns scored <60%, and higher scores were significantly associated with younger interns, traditional curriculum, working in KKUH, and interns preparing for graduate studies. However, the difference between the two curricula disappears when the influence of hospital training is considered.

Hepatitis A Seroprevalence Among Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran During 2016-2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 748-751
Author(s):  
Seyed Ali Dehghan Manshadi ◽  
Neda Alijani ◽  
Mohammadreza Salehi ◽  
Omid Dadras ◽  
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reasonable Approach ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prevention Method

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of exposure to hepatitis A by means of serologic markers in chronic hepatitis B patients, with the secondary aim of finding the best prevention method for hepatitis A infection in susceptible groups of our setting. Methods: During the period between 2016 and 2017, we recruited 403 hepatitis B patients aged more than 14 years and regularly attending the infectious diseases clinic at a referral university hospital, Tehran, Iran. A blood sample was collected from all the patients and tested for hepatitis A IgG. The data was analyzed by SPSS v.19. Results: Although none of the patients had previously received hepatitis A vaccine, the results for serologic level of hepatitis A IgG, demonstrated positive results in 379 (94%) cases. The mean age of patients with negative and positive IgG was 29.17 and 42.46 years, respectively; the difference was statistically significant (P≤0.001). The majority of seronegative patients were young adults aged < 25 years and 25 to 35 years (P <0.001). Conclusion: Seroprevalence of hepatitis A in chronic HBV patients in Iran is high. As HBV infected patients younger than 35 years could be seronagative for HAV infection, evaluation of these patients for HAV infection and vaccination of seronegative patients would be a reasonable approach.

The impact of a health introduction course for medical interpreters in the healthcare sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 205715852097518
Author(s):  
Leila Saud Abdulkadir ◽  
Morten Sodemann ◽  
Claire Gudex ◽  
Sören Möller ◽  
Dorthe Susanne Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Medical Interpreters ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The aim was to examine the impact on interpreters’ health knowledge, attitudes and self-evaluated skills after they participated in a pilot health introduction course at a university hospital in Denmark. The study was conducted as an intervention study using a questionnaire with both closed and open-ended questions. The questionnaire was distributed to interpreters one week before the six-week course started, and again at one week and at three months after course completion. Level of knowledge was calculated based on the number of answers to 18 multiple-choice questions on common health issues, diagnoses and treatments. Of the 100 interpreters who registered for the course, 86 completed the course, and 61 of these participants (70%) completed both the baseline and the one-week questionnaire. The mean knowledge score increased from 48 ( SD 6.9) at baseline to 52 ( SD 3.4; p < 0.001) one week after the course and was 51 ( SD 7.3; p < 0.001) three months after the course ( n = 55). Participants who increased their knowledge score the most were those with the least interpreter experience ( p = 0.001). One week after the course, most participants (83–95%) agreed that the individual lessons had been useful in their subsequent interpreting activities and that they had gained useful information. The health introduction course appeared to be beneficial for interpreters. This study highlights the need for greater focus on education for interpreters working in the healthcare sector.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Difference between Virtual and Paper-Based Clinical Cases in Family Medicine Undergraduate Education

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zalika Klemenc-Ketis ◽  
Branka Cagran ◽  
Dejan Dinevski
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Virtual Patient ◽  
Educational Outcome ◽  
Factual Knowledge ◽  
Virtual Patients ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Clinical Cases

Introduction. A “virtual patient” is defined as a computer program which simulates real patients’ cases. The aim of this study was to determine whether the inclusion of virtual patients affects the level of factual knowledge of family medicine students at the undergraduate level. Methods. This was a case-controlled prospective study. The students were randomly divided into experimental (EG: N=51) and control (CG: N=48) groups. The students in the EG were asked to practice diagnosis using virtual patients instead of the paper-based clinical cases which were solved by the students in the CG. The main observed variable in the study was knowledge of family medicine, determined by 50 multiple choice questions (MCQs) about knowledge of family medicine. Results. There were no statistically significant differences in the groups’ initial knowledge. At the final assessment of knowledge, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between their initial and final knowledge. Conclusions. The study showed that adding virtual patient cases to the curriculum, instead of paper clinical cases, did not affect the level of factual knowledge about family medicine. Virtual patients can be used, but a significant educational outcome is not expected.

Do Different Roles of Anesthesia Residents Improve Knowledge Retention after Non-Technical Skills Workshop?

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (9) ◽  
pp. 1519-1527
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Anesthesia Residents ◽  
Predictors Of Change

Objective: The authors assessed whether anesthesia residents who acted as a scenario creators would have better knowledge retention than their juniors 90 days after participating in a simulation-based anesthetists’ non-technical skills (ANTS) workshop. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study via simulation ANTS workshop was conducted at a university hospital in southern Thailand in November 2017. Seven third-year post-graduate (PGY-3) residents volunteered as scenario creators, while the remaining anesthesia residents were randomly selected to participate in or observe three case scenarios, which were cardiac arrest, hypotension, and difficult ventilation. Resident’s knowledge was assessed before, immediately after, and 90 days after the workshop using a 20-item multiple-choice questionnaire. Predictors of change in knowledge scores were analyzed using multivariate linear regression analysis and presented as beta coefficient (β) and 95% confidence limits (CL). Results: Twenty-four anesthesia residents were recruited in the present study and included eight PGY-1, seven PGY-2, and nine PGY-3. The roles consisted of seven scenario creators, seven participants, and 10 observers. The overall immediate post-test and 90-day post-test scores increased significantly compared to the pre-test scores with a mean of 15.5 and 13.2 versus 11.7 (p<0.001 and p=0.007, respectively). The predictors of change in 90-day scores were PGY-3 versus PGY-1 (β 95% CL 4.0 [0.5 to 7.6], p=0.039), and role of participants and observers versus scenario creator (β 95% CL 5.5 [2.2 to 8.8] and 6.7 [2.8 to 10.6], p=0.004, respectively). Conclusion: Anesthesia residents who were participants or observers could improve their knowledge 90 days after a simulation-based ANTS workshop without necessarily being a scenario creator. Keywords: Anesthetists’ non-technical skill; Knowledge retention; Scenario creator; Simulation workshop

Specialty-Training Program During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Center Survey on over 300 Trainees and Trainers (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ipek Kivilcim Oguzulgen ◽  
Ayşe Kalkancı ◽  
Mehmet Suhan Ayhan ◽  
Ulver Derici ◽  
Alpaslan Senkoylu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Elective Surgical Procedures ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Speciality Training ◽  
Learning Platforms ◽  
New Perspective

BACKGROUND COVID-19 pandemic caused significant modifications such as limiting the number of residents in the clinics, cancelling elective surgical procedures, stopping face to face practical education, and transforming theoretical education into distance learning platforms resulted in alterations in the curriculum. OBJECTIVE We addressed to assess the situation of trainees’ education using an online questionnaire from the trainees’ and directors’ perspective during the pandemic. METHODS The survey platform SurveyMonkey® was used to distribute the survey and to collect responses. We generated a list of multiple-choice questions about how social distancing affected the delivery of medical education, potential compromise in core training and difficulties in conducting clinical research for the thesis. RESULTS A total of 364 trainees among 552 (65.9%) under training at our university hospital and 90% of the directors (37 of 41) responded the survey. Almost 78 percent of the trainees claimed that they have been negatively affected during the pandemic. Although majority of the trainees (60,3%) reported that extension of their education program is not necessary, most of the program directors were in tendency of extending the duration of the speciality training period. The participants predominantly considered that online training would keep on being a part of the training program after the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Education programs are negatively affected during pandemics. However, authorities should manage this deficiency by a new perspective since present trainees are familiar to use technology-driven virtual sources for their education. After the pandemic, computer-assisted online learning and web-based programs should be integrated into educational curriculum. CLINICALTRIAL The study was approved from the institutional review board of Gazi University Ethics Committee (Approval Number: 2021-276).

scholarly journals Status of microsatellite instability in different histomorphological patterns of colorectal carcinoma among a group of Bangladeshi people

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1799
Author(s):  
Momammed Mustafizur Rahman ◽  
Shabnam Imam ◽  
Sayedatun Nessa ◽  
A. K. M. Maruf Raza ◽  
Farida Arjuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Carcinoma ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Microsatellite Instability ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Medical University

Background: This cross- sectional observational study was carried out with an aim to look for microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal carcinoma and their association with different histomorphological patterns and biological behavior of colorectal carcinoma.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was done in the Department of Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Hospital (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during September 2014 to October 2015. A total of 39 surgically resected sample of colorectal carcinoma were included. Consent from each patient was taken. The samples were histopathologically evaluated according to the standard protocol. The statistical analyses were done using Statistical packages for social sciences (SPSS 15) for Windows.Results: A total of 39 cases of colorectal carcinoma were included in this study. Majority of the patients (55.5%) was in 6th decade in MSI and 29.1% were MSI absent group. The mean age was found 47.67±10.97 years in present group and 47.84±14.26 years in absent group. The difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). TNM stage with MSI was observed. The mean CEA level was 100.74±103.66 and 60.43±91.72. The mean Hb was 9.72±1.99 % and 9.92±2.17, the range was 7.2-12.2 and 4.6-13.4 among the groups. The mean difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Ulcerated was 3 (33.3%) and 19 (64.5%). Stage 3 tumor was 4 (44.4%) and 16 (51.6%). Grade 2 tumor was 5 (55.6%) and 17 (58.0%).Conclusions: For the first time in Bangladesh, this study was undertaken to evaluate the microsatellite instability (MSI) status in colorectal cancer tissue and their association with different histomorphological patterns of colorectal carcinoma.   

scholarly journals THE EFL STUDENTS’ CRITICAL READING SKILLS ACROSS COGNITIVE STYLES

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardus Par
Keyword(s):  
Reading Skills ◽  
Cognitive Styles ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Critical Reading ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reading Texts

This study aims to explore the difference between the field independent (FI) and field dependent (FD) learners in the area of EFL critical reading skills. To this end, 60 undergraduate EFL students who had taken and passed the Critical Reading course involved as the subjects. The Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT) was administered to classify the students’ cognitive styles into FI and FD groups. Furthermore, to measure the students’ critical reading skills, the critical reading comprehension test (CRCT) in the form of multiple choice questions was developed and administered. The test items were focused on assessing students’ analytical and inferential skills of reading texts, specifically on determining the main idea, the purpose, the tone, making an inference and taking conclusion. The findings indicate that there is a statistically significant difference in the critical reading skills between FI and FD students. More specifically, the differences are in determining the main idea, determining the purpose, making an inference, and taking the conclusion of the texts in the CRCT. Pedagogically, selecting appropriate reading texts to be used in Critical Reading course practice for developing the students’ critical reading skills will be beneficial for both of FI and FD students.

Psychological and Physical Problems in Elderly People with Problems of Falls

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S659-S660
Author(s):  
M. Mentis ◽  
M. Gouva ◽  
E. Antoniadou ◽  
K. Mpourdoulis ◽  
I. Kesoudidou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionFalls of the elderly to a degree been associated with poor mental health, poor social support and poor physical health.ObjectivesTo investigate the falls of elderly people in relation to their mental and physical healthy.AimsTo compare the effects of falls in the elderly in the areas of mental and physical health.MethodsThe current study used purposive sampling compromised from 48 people that visited the emergency department at the Patras University Hospital in 2016. The inclusion criterion for participation was age (> 65 years). Data was collected using WHO's questionnaire, the WHOQUOL-BREF. Finally, data was analyzed using the test t test for independent samples.ResultsThe sample constituted by 39.6% of male and 61.4% of female. The average age of the sample was M = 75.89 years. In relation to mental health, the average of the elderly with a history of falls found M = 57.26 (SD = ± 22.87), while the other was found M = 74.45 (SD = ± 15.81). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05), while physical health although again the first group found to have a smaller average (M = 56.65, SD = ± 22.13) relative to the second group (M = 63.78, SD = ± 12.59) no statistical difference was observed.DiscussionsThese results demonstrates that falls beyond the physical damage that are immediately visible can as well create significant issues in the psychological state of the elderly exacerbating anxiety, fear and social isolation, which has been associated with depression event.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Evaluation of Bachelor’s Degree Nursing Program Assessment by Nurses Working at A University Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study from Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Yılmaz ◽  
Fatma Düzgün ◽  
Derya Uzelli Yılmaz ◽  
Yurdanur Dikmen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Program Assessment ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Nursing Program ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Degree Programs ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Assessment ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the evaluation of integrated program, traditional and problem based programs in nursing by nurses working in a university hospital. The population of the study consisted of the 288 nurses. In the collection of research data, use was made of a Nurses’ Description Form and the Bachelor’s Degree Nursing Program Assessment Scale (BNPAS). It was found that the total mean BNPAS scores of nurses graduating from the integrated educational program were higher than those of nurses graduating from traditional and problem-based learning educational programs (p < 0.05). The total mean BNPAS scores of nurses who followed professional scientific publications after graduation were higher than the scores of those who did not, and the difference was found to be significant (p < 0.05). It was concluded that nurses had positive assessment of the bachelor’s degree programs from which they graduated.

scholarly journals Indwelling urinary catheters, aortic valve treatment and delirium: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e021708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie SP Eide ◽  
Anette H Ranhoff ◽  
Sandra Lauck ◽  
Bengt Fridlund ◽  
Rune Haaverstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Postoperative Delirium ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Valve Implantation

ObjectivesTo determine whether an association exists between delirium and length of time indwelling urine catheters (IUC) are used in octogenarian patients treated with surgical aortic valve treatment (SAVR) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI).DesignProspective cohort study.SettingTertiary university hospital covering the western region of Norway.ParticipantsOctogenarian patients undergoing elective SAVR or TAVI and willing to participate in the study were eligible. Patients unable to speak Norwegian were excluded. Between 2011 and 2013, 143 consecutive patients were included, and data from 136 of them are presented.Primary outcomeDelirium.ResultsLogistic regression analysis shows that lower cognitive function was positively associated with delirium (OR 0.86, CI 0.74 to 0.99, p=0.047). Besides, the interaction term in the model shows that IUC use and delirium differed between SAVR and TAVI patients (p=0.04). The difference corresponded to a weaker association between hours of IUC use and delirium for SAVR (OR 1.01, CI: 0.99 to 1.03, p=0.54) compared with that for TAVI (OR 1.04, CI: 1.01 to 1.08, p=0.004).ConclusionsThe association between IUC use and delirium is stronger for octogenarian patients treated with TAVI than for patients who received SAVR. Our results revealed a previously unknown association between the number of hours an IUC is used and postoperative delirium in octogenarian patients treated with TAVI.

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