scholarly journals Internet-delivered lifestyle physical activity intervention: limited inflammation and antioxidant capacity efficacy in overweight adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek T. Smith ◽  
Lucas J. Carr ◽  
Chris Dorozynski ◽  
Chirag Gomashe
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Overweight Adults

Overweight and physical inactivity are associated with elevated reactive oxygen species and chronic low-grade inflammation. Exercise training studies have measured changes in systemic inflammatory and oxidative/antioxidative biomarkers but predominantly at moderate-high intensities. Few low-intensity, lifestyle-based physical activity (PA) studies have been conducted. The purpose of this study was to determine whether improvements in lifestyle-oriented PA resulting from a 16-wk Internet-delivered PA program [Active Living Every Day-Internet (ALED-I)] elicit cardioprotective improvements in measures of inflammation, oxidation, or antioxidant enzyme capacity. Forty-one men and women (age 23–62 yr) were randomized to either the ALED-I intervention [ n = 19; age = 40.4 ± 1.9 yr; body mass index (BMI) = 31.4 ± 1.1 kg/m2] or a delayed intent-to-treat control condition ( n = 22; age = 46.6 ± 1.3 yr; BMI = 31.0 ± 0.7 kg/m2). TNF-α, C-reactive protein, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, total antioxidative capacity, change in PA, and other cardiometabolic disease risk factors were measured at baseline and postintervention. The ALED-I group increased PA and decreased central adiposity without changes in the control group. There was no change in the control group for any inflammation, oxidation, or antioxidant biomarkers. TNF-α decreased ( P = 0.01) in the intervention group but was not statistically different from the control group. In conclusion, modest improvements in daily low-intensity ambulatory PA as a result of an Internet-delivered lifestyle PA intervention may be cardioprotective in sedentary and overweight adults through reductions in central adiposity and inflammation. However, the absence of favorable changes in other inflammation, oxidation, and antioxidant biomarkers highlights the need for further attention to the dose response of lifestyle-structured PA promotion strategies for health maintenance/improvement.

scholarly journals AN MHEALTH BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION FOR PROMOTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SLEEP IN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S169-S169
Author(s):  
Junxin Li ◽  
Sarah Szanton ◽  
Minhui Liu ◽  
Nada Lukkahatai ◽  
Junxin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Behavioral Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Evidence suggests physical activity (PA) improves sleep in older adults. This study examined the preliminary effect of a personalized mHealth behavioral intervention on PA and sleep in older adults. We conducted a randomized controlled pilot trial in 21 community-dwelling older adults with sleep complaints. The 24-week mHealth behavioral intervention included a 2-hour in person training session, personalized exercise prescription, real time PA self-monitoring, interactive prompts, phone consultation, and weekly financial incentives. PA and sleep were measured objectively using Actiwatch 2.0 and subjectively using questionnaires. Peripheral blood was drawn for measuring Plasma inflammatory biomarkers [interleukin 1β, 6, 8, Tumor Necrosis Factor- alpha (TNF-α), and c-reactive protein (CRP)]. Data were collected at baseline, 8-week, 16-week, and post intervention. Repeated measures ANOVA (time*group) was used to examine differences of PA and sleep across times between the two groups. Majority of participants are women (71.4%) with mean age of 73.7 (SD = 6.9). Repeated measure ANOVA showed significant (p <0.05) improvement of objective and subjective PA, objective nocturnal sleep duration, self-report sleep quality (measured by Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and Insomnia Severity Index) and decreasing of sedentary time over times in the intervention group (n=11), compared to the control group. The intervention group showed significant reduction of plasma TNF-α and CRP levels at 16-week and post intervention. Interventions combining personalized PA and mHealth strategies may positively affect physical activity and sleep in older adults. A larger study is needed to test the efficacy of this intervention and the mechanisms associated with it.

scholarly journals Changes in diet and physical activity resulting from the Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities randomized cardiovascular disease risk reduction multilevel intervention trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara C. Folta ◽  
Lynn Paul ◽  
Miriam E. Nelson ◽  
David Strogatz ◽  
Meredith Graham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity

Abstract Background Women living in rural areas face unique challenges in achieving a heart-healthy lifestyle that are related to multiple levels of the social-ecological framework. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in diet and physical activity, which are secondary outcomes of a community-based, multilevel cardiovascular disease risk reduction intervention designed for women in rural communities. Methods Strong Hearts, Healthy Communities was a six-month, community-randomized trial conducted in 16 rural towns in Montana and New York, USA. Sedentary women aged 40 and older with overweight and obesity were recruited. Intervention participants (eight towns) attended twice weekly exercise and nutrition classes for 24 weeks (48 total). Individual-level components included aerobic exercise, progressive strength training, and healthy eating practices; a civic engagement component was designed to address social and built environment factors to support healthy lifestyles. The control group (eight towns) attended didactic healthy lifestyle classes monthly (six total). Dietary and physical activity data were collected at baseline and post-intervention. Dietary data were collected using automated self-administered 24-h dietary recalls, and physical activity data were collected by accelerometry and self-report. Data were analyzed using multilevel linear regression models with town as a random effect. Results At baseline, both groups fell short of meeting many recommendations for cardiovascular health. Compared to the control group, the intervention group realized significant improvements in intake of fruit and vegetables combined (difference: 0.6 cup equivalents per day, 95% CI 0.1 to 1.1, p = .026) and in vegetables alone (difference: 0.3 cup equivalents per day, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.6, p = .016). For physical activity, there were no statistically significant between-group differences based on accelerometry. By self-report, the intervention group experienced a greater increase in walking MET minutes per week (difference: 113.5 MET-minutes per week, 95% CI 12.8 to 214.2, p = .027). Conclusions Between-group differences in dietary and physical activity behaviors measured in this study were minimal. Future studies should consider how to bolster behavioral outcomes in rural settings and may also continue to explore the value of components designed to enact social and environmental change. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02499731. Registered 16 July 2015.

scholarly journals Effects of a school-based intervention to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors among secondary school students: a cluster randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Amoah ◽  
Salmiah Md S ◽  
Lekhraj Rampal ◽  
Rosliza A Manaf ◽  
Normala Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students

Abstract Background Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) was responsible for 17.5 million deaths, accounting for 46.2% non-communicable disease deaths. In Ghana CVDs has been the leading cause of adult death since 2001. Prevalence of CVD risk factors among adolescents in Ghana has been increasing. Objective of this study was to develop, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of a health education intervention program to reduce CVD risk factors among students. Methods A cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted with a school as cluster over a period of six-months with pre and post intervention evaluations. Participants were public secondary school students (14-19 years) from four schools in Brong Ahafo, Ghana. Students in the intervention group were trained by the researchers whereas those of the control group received no intervention. The intervention included health education and physical activity modules. Follow-up data using same questionnaire were collected within two weeks after the intervention was completed. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed after replacing missing values using multiple imputation method. The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to assess the effects of the intervention. Results Of the 848 study participants, 836 completed the final assessment at six-month. The GLMM showed the intervention was significant in attaining 0.77(p<0.001), 0.72(p<0.001), 0.47(p<0.001), 0.56(p<0.001), and 0.39(p=0.045) higher physical activity, fruits, vegetables, seafood, and water scores respectively for the intervention group over the control group. The intervention was also significant in reducing -0.15(p<0.001), -0.23(p<0.001), -0.50(p<0.001), -0.32(p<0.001), -0.90(p<0.001),-0.87(p<0.001),-0.38(p<0.001),-0.63(p<0.001),-1.63(p<0.001),-0.61(p<0.001),and -1.53(p=0.005) carbohydrates, fats and oils, fried eggs, fried chicken, carbonated drinks, sugar, sweet snacks, salted fish, weight, BMI, and diastolic BP. The ‘’odds’’ of quitting alcohol use in the intervention group was 1.06 times more than in control group. There was no significant effect of the intervention on reducing systolic BP. Conclusions The intervention had positive effect on increasing physical activity, promoting healthy diet, reducing alcohol consumption, weight, BMI, and diastolic BP among students in the intervention arm of the study but had no effect on systolic BP. Findings from this study is recommended to be adopted in the educational curricula in secondary schools. Keywords: Cardiovascular disease, risk factors, behavioral modification intervention, secondary school students, adolescents

scholarly journals The Effect of the Combined Intervention of Low-Intensity Exercise and Slow Stroke Back Massage (SSBM) on Physical Activity and Severity of Fatigue in the Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Fazeli ◽  
Marziyeh Asadizaker ◽  
Simin Jahani ◽  
Elham Maraghi ◽  
Tina Vosoughi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Intensity Exercise ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Back Massage

Background: Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) during chemotherapy and after it and decreased body energy are common problems in patients that do not resolve with sleep and rest. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the effect of combination therapy of low-intensity exercise and slow stroke back massage (SSBM) on physical activity and fatigue intensity of patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 92 patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy who were referred to the oncology wards of Baqhaiee-2 hospital Ahvaz-Iran (2018 - 2020). Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Intervention group patients who received three days a week for four weeks that each session 10 minutes for slow stroke back massage and 15 minutes’ low-intensity exercise. Control group patients who received usual care. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and then analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The results showed the intensity of fatigue decreased in the experimental group, and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.05). The trend of physical activity increased in the experimental group; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.68). Conclusions: The combination of low-intensity exercise intervention and slow stroke back massage had a positive effect on fatigue severity but no statistically positive effect on physical activity.

Effectiveness of Medication Review Services on Diabetes Self-Care in Primary Care Patients (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tay Siew Cheng Sarah ◽  
Lim Jit Fan Christina ◽  
Tan Soo Chieng Daphne ◽  
Tan Seok Yee Maureen ◽  
Chen Jieying Cordelia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Medication Review ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Effective Intervention ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Glucose Management

BACKGROUND Diabetes is one of the most common medical conditions referred to medication review service run by pharmacists, OBJECTIVE This study aims to determine whether pharmacist-run MRS can be an effective intervention tool to improve patients’ participation in self-care of diabetes. METHODS This randomised controlled study was conducted in five public primary healthcare centres from December 2014 to October 2016. Participants were 40 to 80 years of age and had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. These participants were prescribed with five or more chronic medications, of which at least one was an antidiabetic medication, by the primary healthcare centres’ doctors. The participants were randomly recruited into the intervention or control arm. A self-developed questionnaire which incorporated the validated Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ) was administered face-to-face by the study team to the participants prior to and after MRS. MRS was not administered to participants in the control group. RESULTS A total of 221 participants completed the follow up. There were 105 participants in the control arm and 116 in the intervention arm. The DSMQ Sum Scale score of the control group improved by 0.16 ± 1.11 (p= 0.136) while the intervention group improved by 0.40 ± 0.99 (p=0.000). Participants in the intervention group reported a better improvement in their self-care of diabetes, specifically in glucose management (0.38± 1.35, p=0.003), dietary control (0.26±1.66, p=0.096) and physical activity (0.67±2.36, p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS Pharmacist-run MRS is an effective intervention tool to improve participants’ self-care of diabetes, particularly in glucose management, dietary control and physical activity.

scholarly journals Impact of The Daily Mile on children’s physical and mental health, and educational attainment in primary schools: iMprOVE cohort study protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e045879
Author(s):  
Bina Ram ◽  
Anna Chalkley ◽  
Esther van Sluijs ◽  
Rachel Phillips ◽  
Tishya Venkatraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
School Year

IntroductionSchool-based active mile initiatives such as The Daily Mile (TDM) are widely promoted to address shortfalls in meeting physical activity recommendations. The iMprOVE Study aims to examine the impact of TDM on children’s physical and mental health and educational attainment throughout primary school.Methods and analysisiMprOVE is a longitudinal quasi-experimental cohort study. We will send a survey to all state-funded primary schools in Greater London to identify participation in TDM. The survey responses will be used for non-random allocation to either the intervention group (Daily Mile schools) or to the control group (non-Daily Mile schools). We aim to recruit 3533 year 1 children (aged 5–6 years) from 77 primary schools and follow them up annually until the end of their primary school years. Data collection taking place at baseline (children in school year 1) and each primary school year thereafter includes device-based measures of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and questionnaires to measure mental health (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) and educational attainment (ratings from ‘below expected’ to ‘above expected levels’). The primary outcome is the mean change in MVPA minutes from baseline to year 6 during the school day among the intervention group compared with controls. We will use multilevel linear regression models adjusting for sociodemographic data and participation in TDM. The study is powered to detect a 10% (5.5 min) difference between the intervention and control group which would be considered clinically significant.Ethics and disseminationEthics has been approved from Imperial College Research Ethics Committee, reference 20IC6127. Key findings will be disseminated to the public through research networks, social, print and media broadcasts, community engagement opportunities and schools. We will work with policy-makers for direct application and impact of our findings.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury (PASABI): A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Marta Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Saleky García-Gómez ◽  
Javier Coterón ◽  
Juan José García-Hernández ◽  
Javier Pérez-Tejero
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Acquired Brain Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wide Range

Background and objectives: Acquired brain injury (ABI) is the first cause of disability and physical activity (PA) is a key element in functional recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) during the subacute and chronic phases. However, it is necessary to develop PA programs that respond to the heterogeneity and needs of this population. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a PA program on the HRQoL in this population. Materials and Methods: With regard to recruitment, after baseline evaluations, participants were assigned to either the intervention group (IG, n = 38) or the control group (CG, n = 35). Functional capacity, mood, quality of life and depression were measured pre- and post-intervention. The IG underwent the “Physical Activity and Sport for Acquired Brain Injury” (PASABI) program, which was designed to improve HRQoL (1-h sessions, two to four sessions/week for 18 weeks). The CG underwent a standard rehabilitation program without PA. Results: Results for the IG indicated significant differences and large effect sizes for the physical and mental dimensions of quality of life, as well as mood and functional capacity, indicating an increase in HRQoL. No significant differences were found for the CG across any variables. Conclusions: The PASABI program was feasible and beneficial for improving physiological and functionality variables in the IG. The wide range of the activities of the PASABI program allow its application to a large number of people with ABI, promoting health through PA, especially in the chronic phase.

scholarly journals Influence of physical activity on periodontal health in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A blinded, randomized, controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wernicke ◽  
J. Grischke ◽  
M. Stiesch ◽  
S. Zeissler ◽  
K. Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract Objectives The aim was to investigate the effect of physical activity on periodontal health and HbA1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) over a period of 6 months. Materials and methods Thirty-seven patients with non-insulin-dependent T2DM were included in the study. The intervention group (n=20) performed physical activity over a period of 6 months. The control group (n=17) did not receive any intervention. Baseline and final examinations included dental parameters and concentrations of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Results Physical activity showed a positive effect on periodontal health. Both the BOP (p= 0.005) and the severity of periodontitis (p= 0.001) were significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group. Furthermore, HbA1c levels were reduced (p= 0.010) significantly in the intervention group while hsCRP levels significantly increased in the control group (p= 0.04). Conclusions Within the limitations of this randomized, controlled trial, physical activity over a period of 6 months is a health-promoting measure for patients with T2DM and improves both periodontal health and HbA1c concentrations.

scholarly journals Individual Diet Modification Reduces the Metabolic Syndrome in Patients Before Pharmacological Treatment

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2102
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko ◽  
Marta Rożniata ◽  
Kinga Zujko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Modification of lifestyle, including healthy nutrition, is the primary approach for metabolic syndrome (MetS) therapy. The aim of this study was to estimate how individual nutrition intervention affects the reduction of MetS components. Subjects diagnosed with MetS were recruited in the Lomza Medical Centre. The study group consisted of 90 participants and was divided into one intervention group (individual nutrition education group (INEG)) and one control group (CG). The research was conducted over 3 months. The following measurements were obtained during the first visit and after completion of the 3 months intervention: body mass, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and blood lipids. Dietary assessments were performed before and post-intervention using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls. Dietary knowledge was evaluated with the KomPAN questionnaire. The total polyphenol content of the diet was calculated. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected from a self-reported questionnaire. The physical activity was assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). It was found that the individual nutrition education was an effective method to improve the knowledge, dietary habits, and physical activity of the study participants. The modification of the diet in terms of higher intake of polyphenols (flavonoids and anthocyanins), fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA n-3, and lower intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) had a significant impact on the improvement of some MetS risk factors (waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HDL-cholesterol).

scholarly journals Effects of exercise in breast cancer patients: implications of the trials within cohorts (TwiCs) design in the UMBRELLA Fit trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxanne Gal ◽  
Evelyn M. Monninkhof ◽  
Carla H. van Gils ◽  
Rolf H. H. Groenwold ◽  
Sjoerd G. Elias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physical Fatigue ◽  
Trials Within Cohorts

Abstract Purpose The Trials within Cohorts (TwiCs) design aims to overcome problems faced in conventional RCTs. We evaluated the TwiCs design when estimating the effect of exercise on quality of life (QoL) and fatigue in inactive breast cancer survivors. Methods UMBRELLA Fit was conducted within the prospective UMBRELLA breast cancer cohort. Patients provided consent for future randomization at cohort entry. We randomized inactive patients 12–18 months after cohort enrollment. The intervention group (n = 130) was offered a 12-week supervised exercise intervention. The control group (n = 130) was not informed and received usual care. Six-month exercise effects on QoL and fatigue as measured in the cohort were analyzed with intention-to-treat (ITT), instrumental variable (IV), and propensity scores (PS) analyses. Results Fifty-two percent (n = 68) of inactive patients accepted the intervention. Physical activity increased in patients in the intervention group, but not in the control group. We found no benefit of exercise for dimensions of QoL (ITT difference global QoL: 0.8, 95% CI = − 2.2; 3.8) and fatigue, except for a small beneficial effect on physical fatigue (ITT difference: − 1.1, 95% CI = − 1.8; − 0.3; IV: − 1.9, 95% CI = − 3.3; − 0.5, PS: − 1.2, 95% CI = − 2.3; − 0.2). Conclusion TwiCs gave insight into exercise intervention acceptance: about half of inactive breast cancer survivors accepted the offer and increased physical activity levels. The offer resulted in no improvement on QoL, and a small beneficial effect on physical fatigue. Trial registration Netherlands Trial Register (NTR5482/NL.52062.041.15), date of registration: December 07, 2015.

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