scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Effects ofInonotus obliquusin Colitis Induced by Dextran Sodium Sulfate

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Young Choi ◽  
Sun Jin Hur ◽  
Chi Sun An ◽  
Yun Hui Jeon ◽  
Young Jun Jeoung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Raw264.7 Cells ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Inonotus Obliquus ◽  
Signal Transducers ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B

A total of 28 male BALB/c mice (average weight 20.7 ± 1.6 g) were divided into 4 treatment groups and fed a commercial diet (A), a commercial diet + induced colitis by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) (B),Inonotus obliquus(IO) administration (C), and IO administration + induced colitis by DSS (D). IO treatment (C, D) decreased the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-αand signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)1 compared to those of the colitis induced group (B). The expressions of IL-4 and STAT6 were decreased in group D compared to the colitis induced group (B). The serum immunoglobulin (Ig)E level decreased in IO treatment groups (C, D) compared to no IO treatment groups (A and B) although there was no significant difference between the IO treatment groups. Extract from IO itself had a weak cytotoxic effect on murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7 cells). Extract from IO inhibited lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced, TNF-α, STAT1, pSTAT1, STAT6, and pSTAT6 production in RAW264.7 cells.

A comparative study on pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of 5-hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one and its metabolite in normal and dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis rats by HPLC-MS/MS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangle Liu ◽  
Qiuyu Zhang ◽  
Chaozhan Lin ◽  
Yufeng Yao ◽  
Meiqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Main Metabolite ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Distribution Studies ◽  
Existing Form

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to investigate the existing form of 5-hydroxy-4-methoxycanthin-6-one (PQ-A) in vivo after oral administration and the effects on its pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution by colitis. Methods A rapid HPLC-MS/MS method was established to simultaneously determine PQ-A and its main metabolite, 1-methoxicabony-β-carboline (PQ-B), in biological samples acquired from normal and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitic rats administered orally with PQ-A. Then, the pharmacokinetics of both PQ-A and PQ-B, and tissue distribution of PQ-A in the above two states were analysed. Key findings The pharmacokinetic results showed that the prototype of PQ-A was the main existing form in both physiological and pathological conditions. And significant difference between the above two status in pharmacokinetics of PQ-A was observed, such as higher exposure and longer elimination in colitis than that in normal rats. It suggested that the pharmacokinetics of medications for colitis was affected by enteritis. The tissue distribution studies displayed that PQ-A mainly accumulated in intestinal tract. Especially, the distribution of PQ-A in intestinal tract was increased obviously in colitic rats. Conclusions These results contributed to further illuminate the ADME process of PQ-A in different status and were prospected to be the reference to the clinical application of similar medicines in pathological states.

scholarly journals Splinting in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: The Optimal Duration

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 (11-12) ◽  
pp. e2049-e2054
Author(s):  
Michele A Gatheridge ◽  
Elsa A Sholty ◽  
Alexander Inman ◽  
Meghan Pattillo ◽  
Frank Mindrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
The United States ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Group B ◽  
Wrist Splint

Abstract Introduction The purpose of this study was to evaluate optimal neutral wrist splint duration in treatment-naive mild and mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Neutral wrist splinting is a conservative treatment for CTS; however, no clear guidelines exist for how long splinting should be prescribed for optimal outcomes. Materials and Methods In this prospective clinical trial subjects were assigned to wear a neutral wrist splint for 6 (group A) or 12 weeks (group B). Symptom and functional outcomes were assessed by questionnaire at baseline, 6 and 12 weeks. Median nerve sensory and motor latencies were recorded at baseline and 12 weeks. Pretreatment, midtreatment, and posttreatment measures were compared within and between treatment groups where applicable. This study was approved by the United States Air Force Academy institutional review board. Results A total of 30 subjects (37 hands) were randomized to 2 treatment groups. Mean symptom severity and median sensory peak latency significantly improved in both groups at 12 weeks, without a significant difference between groups. Mean functional severity significantly improved only in group A. Conclusion Neutral wrist splint for 6 weeks resulted in better clinical improvements in patients with untreated mild and mild to moderate CTS. There was no additional benefit in extending splinting 6 additional weeks. This is the first study to compare duration of wrist splint use beyond 8 weeks. A larger sample size is needed to identify the reason for lack of functional improvement in group B. Long-term follow-up of this cohort will be helpful to determine the natural history of initial wrist splint use.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Jatropha curcas Latex Cream in The Epithelialization Phase of Wound Healing in Mice Skin

2020 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 01038
Author(s):  
Muhammad N. Salim ◽  
Moma Silvia ◽  
Dwinna Aliza ◽  
Dian Masyitha ◽  
Cut D. Iskandar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Wound Therapy ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Incision Wound ◽  
Made In

The objective of the present research was to find out the efficacy of Jatropha latex cream in the epithelialization phase of wound healing in mice skin. A total of 9 male mice aged 2-3 months old and the bodyweight of 25-40 g were divided into three treatment groups. Group A was given basic cream, group B was given Jatropha latex cream (10%), and group C was given sulfadiazine. The 2 cm incision wound was made in the paravertebral area. Wound therapy was carried out twice a day for 7 days. All quantitative data were measured using ANOVA then followed by the Duncan test. The number of angiogenesis on A, B, and C was 4.67±1.20; 12.78±2.52; and 11.33±2.33, while a number of fibroblasts were 179.56±12.69; 90.56±8.23; and 99.11±7.04, respectively. The average deposition of collagen was 1.46±0.12; 1.89±0.10; and 1.74±0.06, respectively. The statistical test showed that the number of angiogenesis, fibroblast, and deposition of collagen on group B was significantly different (P<0.05) compared to group A and showed no significant difference compared to group C (P>0.05). In conclusion, Jatropha latex cream (10%) able to accelerate the epithelialization phase of wound healing in mice skin.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK RUMPUT KEBAR (Biophytum petersianum) TERHADAP DIAMETER DAN TEBAL EPITEL TUBULUS SEMINIFERUS MENCIT (Mus musculus) YANG DIPAPAR 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Aldis Ingrid Rusyawardani ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati ◽  
Suzanita Utama ◽  
Chairul Anwar ◽  
Epy Muhammad Luqman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Epithelial Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Biophytum Petersianum ◽  
Epithelium Thickness

The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of kebar grass on the diameter and epithelium thickness of seminiferous tubules. Twenty male mice of BALB/C strain with an average weight of 25 gram were used in this research. Total five experimental groups (4 mice each group) were treated with combination of TCDD and kebar grass extract designed as follows: (C-) 0mg/g BW/day dan 0µg/kg BW, (C+) 0mg/g BW/day and 7µg/kg BW, (T1) 0,045mg/g BW/day and 7µg/kg BW, (T2) 0,080mg/g BW/day and 7µg/kg BW, (T3) 0,1350mg/g BW/day and 7µg/kg BW. The TCDD was injected peritoneally in single dose while kebar grass extract was given orally everyday for 53 days. The results showed a significant difference (p<0,05) on group which is treated with kebar grass extract 0,135mg/ g BW/ day is proven could maintain the diameter of seminiferous tubules in T3 group (170,5μmb ± 0,65μm) compared with C+ group (129,50μma ± 8,42μm). Significant difference of epithelial thickness were also found between the control and treatment groups (p<0,05). The C+ group (33,57μmb ± 1,61μm) was different from the T1 group (43,80μmc ± 1,46μm), T2 (48,49μmd ± 1,08μm), T3 (52,15μme ± 0,86μm) and C- (56,17μma ± 1,35μm). This findings might suggest TCDD has the potential to decrease the epithelium thickness and the diameter of seminiferous tubules, while kebar grass extract in various dose were proven to be able maintain the epithelium thickness of seminiferous tubules but could not maintain the diameter of seminiferous tubules.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LACTOFERRIN ADDITION TO THE SEMEN OF AWASSI RAMS ON SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SPERMS

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi & Houbi
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Semen Preservation ◽  
Live Sperm ◽  
Motility Of Sperm ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Artificial Vagina

This experiment was conducted at the Animal Production Department farm to the College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, located at Jadreya during the period of 21 September 2015 to 24 February 2016 using Four Awasi rams aged 2-4 years and the average weight was 52 kg. Semen collection from rams was done twice weekly by using the artificial vagina to study the effect of using the lactoferrin protein as a replacement by the antibiotic in the semen for controlling the contamination of bacteria in the semen. Four treated groups were used, the control (normal antibiotic Streptomycin 100 mg\100ml Penicillin 100.000 IU / 100ml) , second ,third and fourth treatment groups was used a lactoferrin  protein with the contamination of 400, 800 and 1200 mg \ L-1 , respectively . All additions of the antibiotic and lactoferrin were done to the semen after dilution. Semen from all rams was pooled and the final volume was divided by four parts to groups .The semen diluent was kept at the refrigerator 5 C for 5 days, and every day the physical characteristic was done which included. The individual motility, dead and abnormal sperm, concentration of sperm, mass activity, integrity of the plasma membrane (HOST %) The results showed that: the individual motility of sperm was significantly increased) for all treated groups on the second, third, fourth and the fifth day of semen preservation. No significant difference  in the percentage of live sperm as a result of adding lactoferrin to the semen. There were no significant increase) in the hyper osmotic sperm test (HOST%) between the control and treatment groups. The abnormality of sperm did not differ between the control and the treated groups.

scholarly journals The Suitability of Moringa oleifera Leaf Meal Supplementation to Commercial Diets on the Growth and Survival of Oreochromis niloticus Fry

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romeo D. Caturao ◽  
Michel R. Atilano ◽  
Rexie B. Urbina
Keyword(s):  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Fish Nutrition ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Commercial Diets ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference

Proper fish nutrition and adequate feeding are necessary for high fish production. The study was conducted to determine the suitability of M. oleifera leaf meal supplementation to commercial diets on the growth performance of Oreochromis niloticus fry until fingerling size. Seven experimental diets were used with three replicates each arranged in a complete randomized design. Treatments 1, 3 and 5 were given commercial diets only, treatments 2, 4, and 6 with 10% M. oleifera leaves and 90% commercial diets. Treatment 7 was the control with rice bran. Each treatment was stocked with 50 fry with an average weight of 1.76+0.112 and an average length of 47.65+1.78 and feed for two months. Data gathered were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA to determine significant difference among treatments. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to determine the significant difference between treatment means. All test used 0.05 level of significance. Results showed significant differences among treatments. Treatment 4 had the highest average weight of 6.83+0.145 g, an average length of 65.97+0.251 mm, and survival rate of 86.0+2.646% after eight weeks of culture. Growth and survival of Oreochromis niloticus could be enhanced by adding 10% dried M. oleifera leaf meal supplementation to commercial diet.

scholarly journals Low Dose Theophylline and Tiotropium Rotacap as Add on Therapy in COPD Patients-Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Muzna Hameed Dar ◽  
Syed Mehboob Alam ◽  
Qurrat ul Ain Bukhari ◽  
Kauser Ismail ◽  
Syed Azhar Hussain Zaidi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Percentage Improvement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B

Objectives: To compare the role of low dose Theophylline and Tiotropium rotacap in improving the lung functions and day to day life of patients suffering from COPD. Study Design and Setting: A Clinical trial study was conducted at Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, BMSI in association with Department of Chest Medicine, JPMC. Methodology: This study was planned as an open label and parallel clinical trial study. A total of 168 patients of COPD were selected for this study and only 161 patients completed the 3 months duration of the study. The enrolled patients were grouped into 2, namely A and B. Tab. Theophylline 350 mg was given to Group A in two divided doses while Tiotropium rotacap18µg through rotahaler was given to group B once a day. Results: Mean FEV1 ± SD was improved by 0.04 ± 0.02 in Theophylline therapy group while by 0.07 ± 0.01 in the Tiotropium therapy treated group and a significant difference between the changes in the two treatment groups was evident. There was a percentage improvement in PEFR of 8.9 ± 5.8 in the Theophylline therapy treated group and of 13.2 ± 4.7 in Tiotropium therapy treated group. When Tiotropium group was compared with Theophylline group for improvement in percentage change in PEFR from day 0, a significant difference was evident between the two groups. There was a significant improvement from day 0 in CAT score in Tiotropium treated groups versus Theophylline group after 3 months of therapy. Conclusion: Tiotropium rotacap was more effective as compared to low dose Theophylline in improving pulmonary functions and CAT score in patients with COPD

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation with organic acids on productive and reproductive parameters in guinea pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Christian Vela ◽  
Siever Morales-Cauti
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Weight Gain Percentage ◽  
Observation Period

Guinea pig production systems demand organic alternatives to improve their productivity, due to the increased demands of this type of livestock operations. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic acids on the productive and reproductive indices in reproductive Guinea pigs in an intensive breeding farm in Lima. 60 pools were used with 10 Guinea pigs in each one (9 females and one male).  They were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups: T1: 1mL/L, T2: 2mL/L, T3: 4mL/L; all with 15 pools in total (5 pools each with dosage of 5, 10 and 15 days, respectively), and T4: Control (15 pools without dosage); the observation period was 3 months. No significant difference was found (p> 0.05) between treatments for weight gain, percentage of maternal mortality, percentage of abortions, percentage of pregnancy, number of offspring born and percentage of viability. For the percentage of mortality of pups and average weight of the offspring, a significant difference was found (p <0.05), demonstrating that T3 reached a higher weight index at birth of offspring (T3: 147.7 / 142.7 / 146.8g) and lower percentage of mortality in rabbits (T3: 0 / 1.8 / 3.0%). No significant difference was found in terms of dosing days. It is concluded that supplementation with organic acids with T3 (4mL/L) improved the weight at birth of the offspring and the mortality percentage in kits.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Oral Bilastine in Comparison with Levocetirizine in Allergic Rhinitis- A Randomised Clinical Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Vanitha ◽  
K Sowmini ◽  
K Santha Sheela Kumari ◽  
Resu Neha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Antihistaminic Drugs

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis is a heterogeneous disorder characterised by major symptoms like sneezing, itching, nasal congestion and rhinorrhea. Because of bothersome side effects of first-generation antihistaminic drugs, second generation antihistaminic drugs have been used since few years. Recent studies have showed that novel drug Bilastine has been approved as an effective treatment in Allergic rhinitis. Aim: To evaluate Total Nasal Symptom Scores (TNSS), Serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE), Serum Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) in patients with allergic rhinitis, pre and post-treatment with Bilastine and Levocetirizine. Materials and Methods: A randomised, open-labelled, study was conducted between January 2020 to March 2020. Hundred patients with allergic rhinitis were enrolled into the study. They were randomised into two groups of which group A received tablet Bilastine 20 mg once daily for two weeks and group B received tablet Levocetirizine 5 mg once daily for two weeks. The results of TNSS, IgE, AEC and pre and post-treatment values were compared in both the treatment groups. Unpaired t-test was used as the test of significance between the two treatment groups. Results: The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in the study was 49% in males and 51% in females. The mean difference in pre and post-treatment in TNSS (group A=1.627, group B=1.143), serum IgE (A=33.118, B=49.653), serum AEC (A=28.00, B=27.245) showed no statistically significant difference between two groups (p-value >0.05). Conclusion: Bilastine and levocetirizine are equally efficacious. Though there is clinical significance in treatment of allergic rhinitis between the groups, there is no statistical significance which would prove Bilastine is clinically superior to Levocetirizine for the allergic rhinitis treatment.

Effect of Lunasin Extract on Histopathology of Mice Induced with Azoxymethane and Dextran Sodium Sulfate: Focus on Small Intestine Changes

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 6117-6124
Author(s):  
Euginia Christa ◽  
Kusmardi
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulfate ◽  
Intestinal Tissue ◽  
Small Intestine Cancer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

Within the last decade, incidence of small bowel cancer has increased by more than fourfold. This number is predicted to steadily rise due to shift in diet and lifestyle. The primary and only definite therapy for small intestine cancer is radical segmental resection, which carries side effects and risks during and after surgery. Current chemotherapy and neoadjuvant therapy do not exert significant result. Lunasin, a novel peptide originated from soybean, is believed to promote cellular health epigenetically and reduce inflammation. There is possibility for lunasin extract to emerge as a new and effective adjuvant therapy for small intestine malignancies. A total of 20 Balb/c mice were divided into four groups. All mice were induced with azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate. For the next six weeks, each group was given different concentration of lunasin extract. After eight weeks, the mice were sacrificed. The small intestinal tissue was harvested and stained using hematoxylin-eosin. The amount of hyperplasia, dysplasia, angiogenesis, inflammatory foci, and goblet cells were then observed under the microscope. There is significant difference in the amount of dysplasia (p = 0.000) and angiogenesis (p = 0.009) among the groups that receive different concentrations of lunasin. However, there is no effect of lunasin administration to the amount of hyperplasia, inflammatory foci, and goblet cells. Nondose-dependent administration of lunasin extract improves dysplasia and angiogenesis, but not other factors in small intestine carcinogenesis.

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