Removal of Chromium(III) Using Synthetic Polymers, Copolymers and their Sulfonated Derivatives as Adsorbents

This study is concerned with the development of some synthetic polymers, copolymers and their sulfonated derivatives as adsorbents. The effectiveness of these adsorbents in removing Cr(III) from aqueous solution was evaluated by batch technique. The influence of different experimental parameters on removal process such as solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, Cr(III) concentration and temperature were evaluated. Adsorption equilibrium was achieved in 20 to 30 min. at pH > 5. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherms were used to elucidate the observed sorption phenomena. The maximum Cr(III)37.8 mg/gram of PS(polystyrene) and 37.2 mg/g of SAN (styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer) was removed as evaluated from Langmuir isotherm while the heat of sorption was in the range 0.21–7.65 kJ/mol as evaluated from Temkin isotherm. It can be concluded that PS developed in this study exhibited considerable adsorption potential for application in removal of Cr(III) from aqueous media as compared to its copolymers and other derivatives used in this study.

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Synthesis and Characterization of a Chemically-Activated Novel Mesoporous Silica for Cobalt Decontamination from Polluted Water

Current World Environment ◽

10.12944/cwe.14.2.12 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 276-289 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sina Matavos-Aramyan ◽

Sadaf Soukhakian

Keyword(s):

Mesoporous Silica ◽

Contact Time ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Polluted Water ◽

Co2 Removal ◽

High Porosity ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Adsorbent Dose

Mesoporous silica was synthesized by a chemical process and its efficiency was investigated for removal of cobalt (Co2+) ions from contaminated water in a laboratory scale. The characteristics of synthesized mesoporous were analyzed by SEM/TGA. Optimal conditions were determined for important parameters such as solution pH, the absorbent dose, the initial Co2+ concentration, and contact time by a single-variable method through the batch experiments. The SEM results confirmed the synthesized silica had high porosity with a honeycomb-like structure. The results showed that with an increasing adsorbent dose and contact time to the optimum, the efficiency of Co2+ adsorption increased. However, with increasing concentration of Co2+, the removal efficiency decreased. At optimal contact time (8 h), 85 % of Co2+ was removed. The maximum adsorption efficiency at pH =7, initial Co2+ concentration of 5 ppm, and at the adsorbent dose 0.3 g/50 ml, was 89%. The study of adsorption isotherm and kinetic models showed that the adsorption process followed the Freundlich isotherm (R2 = 0.9359) and the second-order kinetic model (R2=0.999). Therefore, the synthesized mesoporous silica presented a chemical adsorption mechanism for Co2+ removal from aqueous media and can be utilized in wastewater treatment containing divalent heavy metals such as Co2+.

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THE APPLICATION OF WHEAT BRAN FOR THE REMOVAL OF COPPER IONS FROM POLLUTED WATER

10.3846/aainz.2021.14 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Gideon Masedi Nii Ayi Lomoko ◽

Dainius Paliulis

Keyword(s):

Metal Concentration ◽

Wheat Bran ◽

Contact Time ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Copper Ions ◽

Polluted Water ◽

Adsorption Efficiency ◽

Toxic Heavy Metals ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Adsorbent Dose

The purpose of the study underlying the present paper was to determine the adsorption of copper ions which happens to be one of the most important toxic heavy metals in the environment; for that purpose a test was carried out under laboratory conditions using wheat bran as adsorbent. The object of the test was to examine the effect of solution pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial copper ions concentration (2 mg/L to 20 mg/L) on adsorption yield and uptake. Three masses of wheat bran (0.5 g, 1.0 g and 2.0 g) were used for this experiment. 1.0 g of wheat bran gave a maximum adsorption efficiency at pH 5.0. At this pH, the adsorption efficiency for initial copper ions concentration of 5 mg/L was found to be 65.8% at room temperature for a contact time of 60 min. The adsorption of copper ions slowly reached equilibrium at 30 mins. With an adsorbent dose of 0.5 g of wheat bran, a maximum uptake of 0.277 mg/g of copper ions was recorded. With increasing mass of adsorbent dose from 0.5 g to 2.0 g. the adsorption uptake of copper ions decreased from 0.273 mg/g to 0.087 mg/g The highest removal efficiency of copper ions was found to be at a metal concentration of 5 mg/L. With the metal concentration increasing the adsorption of copper ions by 0.5 g of wheat bran decreased from 52.0% to 39.9%.

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Adsorption of Basic and Acidic Dyes onto Agricultural Wastes

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.70.12 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 70 ◽

pp. 12-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nnaemeka John Okorocha ◽

J. Josphine Okoji ◽

Charles Osuji

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Batch Adsorption ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Thermodynamic Quantities ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Dyes Adsorption ◽

Adsorbent Dose

The potential of almond leaves powder, (ALP) for the removal of Crystal violet (CV) and Congo red (CR) dyes from aqueous solution was investigated. The adsorbent (ALP) was characterized by FTIR and SEM analysis. Batch adsorption studies were conducted and various parameters such as contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial dye concentration, pH and temperature were studied to observe their effects in the dyes adsorption process. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of CV and CR dyes onto the adsorbent (ALP) was found to be: contact time (100mins), pH (10.0), temperature (343K) for an initial CV dye concentration of 50mg/L using adsorbent dose of 1.0g and contact time (100mins), pH (2.0), temperature (333K) for an initial CR dye concentration of 50mg/L using adsorbent dose 1.0g respectively. The experimental equilibrium adsorption data fitted best and well to the Freundlich isotherm model for both CV and CR dyes adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity of ALP was found to be 22.96mg/g and 7.77mg/g for the adsorption of CV and CR dyes respectively. The kinetic data conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic quantities such as Gibbs free energy (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0) and entropy (ΔS0) were evaluated and the negative values of ΔG0obtained for both dyes indicate the spontaneous nature of the adsorption process while the positive values of ΔH0and ΔS0obtained indicated the endothermic nature and increased randomness during the adsorption process respectively for the adsorption of CV and CR onto ALP. Based on the results obtained such as good adsorption capacity, rapid kinetics, and its low cost, ALP appears to be a promising adsorbent material for the removal of CV and CR dye stuff from aqueous media.

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Removal of Phosphate Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Leftover Coal

Water ◽

10.3390/w12051381 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1381

Author(s):

Dereje Tadesse Mekonnen ◽

Esayas Alemayehu ◽

Bernd Lennartz

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Contact Time ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Phosphate Adsorption ◽

Operational Parameters ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Retention Efficiency ◽

Set Up

High loadings of wastewater with phosphors (P) require purification measures, which can be challenging to realize in regions where the technical and financial frame does not allow sophisticated applications. Simple percolation devices employing various kinds of adsorbents might be an alternative. Here, we investigated the application of leftover coal, which was collected from Ethiopian coal mining areas, as an adsorbent for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions in a classical slurry batch set-up. The combined effects of operational parameters such as contact time, initial concentration, and solution pH on P retention efficiency was studied employing the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The maximum phosphate adsorption (79% removal and 198 mg kg−1 leftover coal) was obtained at a contact time of 200 min, an initial phosphate concentration of 5 mg/L, and a solution pH of 2.3. The Freundlich isotherm was fitted to the experimental data. The pseudo second-order equation describes the experimental data well, with a correlation value of R2 = 0.99. The effect of temperature on the adsorption reveals that the process is exothermic. The results demonstrate that leftover coal material could potentially be applied for the removal of phosphate from aqueous media, but additional testing in a flow-through set-up using real wastewater is required to draw definite conclusions.

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Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles @Trioctylmethylammonium thiosalicylat (TOMATS) as a new magnetic nanoadsorbent for adsorption of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution

Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie ◽

10.1515/zpch-2019-1585 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Ruhollah Kasraei ◽

Mohammad Malakootian ◽

Maryam Mohamadi

Keyword(s):

Removal Efficiency ◽

Contact Time ◽

Physical Adsorption ◽

Sorption Kinetics ◽

Order Model ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Langmuir Adsorption ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Real Wastewater ◽

Adsorbent Dose

AbstractThe aim of this research was to investigate ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal efficiency from aqueous solutions by using Fe3O4 nanoparticles @Trioctylmethylammonium thiosalicylat Ionic liquid (Fe3O4 NP@ TOMATS IL) as a new magnetic nanoadsorbent. The adsorbent was characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectroscopy (FESEM-EDS), mapping, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The effects of solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial CIP concentration, and temperature on CIP removal were also investigated. In optimal conditions such as pH = 5.6, CIP concentration = 30 mg/L, adsorbent dose = 0.15 g, temperature = 30 °C, contact time = 90 min, the removal efficiency in synthetic and real wastewater were obtained 87 and 73%, respectively. Batch experiments were carried out to study the sorption Kinetics, thermodynamics, and equilibrium isotherms of CIP with magnetic nanoadsorbent. The results show that all of the above factors influence CIP removal. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm fits the adsorption process well, with the pseudo second-order model describing the adsorption kinetics accurately. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that adsorption is mainly physical adsorption. Recycling experiments revealed that the behavior of adsorbent is maintained after recycling for four times.

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Industrial Fermentation Waste Aspergillus niger as Adsorbent for Sequestering Cr6 + from Aqueous Solution

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.2841 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 2841-2844

Author(s):

Wei Na Xue ◽

Yan Bo Peng ◽

Jie Min Cheng

Keyword(s):

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Contact Time ◽

Adsorption Equilibrium ◽

Langmuir Model ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Industrial Fermentation ◽

Batch System ◽

Equilibrium Data ◽

Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽

Biosorption Equilibrium

Biosorption of Cr6 + ions by industrial fermentation waste Aspergillus niger free dry mycelium was investigated in a batch system..The influences of Cr6 +concentration, biosorbent dose, solution pH and contact time on Cr6 +were investigated.Optimum biosorption was observed to be 73.5% at pH 5,biosorbent dose 20g/L, initial Cr6 + concentration 100 mg/L. Adsorption equilibrium was established in 800 min at 30°C. The Langmuir model compared to the Biosorption equilibrium data were best described by Langmuir isotherm model, R2=0.9999.

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Adsorption of Methyl Violet Dye from Aqueous Solutions by Activated Carbon Produced from Tamarind Seeds

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.911.326 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 911 ◽

pp. 326-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Piaw Phatai ◽

Jutharatana Klinkaewnarong ◽

Surachai Yaiyen

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Contact Time ◽

Copper Ions ◽

Binary Solution ◽

Methyl Violet ◽

Solution System ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Batch System ◽

Adsorption Data ◽

Adsorbent Dose

The present work proposes the adsorption of methyl violet (MV) from two solution systems including single MV and binary MV-Cu2+systems by activated carbon (AC) prepared from tamarind seeds in a batch system. Parameters including contact time, solution pH, adsorbent dose, and initial dye concentration were studied. The morphology of the AC was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed the maximum adsorption of MV dye onto the AC at a contact time of 60 min, solution pH of 9.0 and adsorbent dose of 0.2 and 0.5 g for the single and binary solution systems, respectively. The presence of copper ions in binary solution system decreased the adsorption efficiency of MV dye onto the AC. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms.

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Optimization of experimental parameters for retention of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution on clay adsorbent

Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology ◽

10.47577/technium.v2i1.40 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 38-47

Author(s):

Bianca Azanfire ◽

Dumitru Bulgariu ◽

Lăcrămioara Nemeş ◽

Laura Bulgariu

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Contact Time ◽

Environmental Remediation ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Low Cost ◽

Initial Solution ◽

Clay Material ◽

Solution Ph ◽

Experimental Parameters ◽

Potential Applicability

The removal of Pb(II) ions is an important issue for the treatment of industrial wastewater, due to its serious consequences on environment and human health. In this study a local clay material was tested as adsorbent for the retention of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. The proposed method can be considered low-cost, mainly due to the high availability of clay material in this region, and the high removal percent of Pb(II) ions (> 99%) allows us to say that this method has a high efficiency. Therefore, the finding of the optimal values of the most important experimental parameters which affects the efficiency of Pb(II) ions adsorption on clay adsorbent, represent the next important step in highlighting the practical applicability of this process. The most important experimental parameters, including initial solution pH,adsorbent dose, initial Pb(II) ions concentration, contact time and temperature, were analyzed in batch systems. The obtained experimental results indicates that the efficiency of adsorptionprocess is highest at initial solution pH of 7.0, 4.0 g adsorbent/L, 5 min of contact time and high temperature (50 C). Under these conditions, the removal percent of Pb(II) ions is over 99 % over the initial concentration range between 20 and 310 mg Pb(II)/L. The results of this study suggest that this clay material is an excellent adsorbent for Pb(II) ions removal and broadens the potential applicability of these materials in environmental remediation.

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Detoxification of As(III) in Aqueous Media by Using Photo-Fenton Method

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.003265 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Reaction Time ◽

Contact Time ◽

Uv Light ◽

Aqueous Media ◽

Oh Radicals ◽

Fenton Process ◽

Photo Oxidation ◽

Experimental Parameters ◽

Three Stages

<p>In this paper, photo-Fenton method has been systematically examined to oxidize the toxic and mobile As(III) in the solution by •OH radicals resulted from the reactions between Fe2+ and H2O2 under UV light, to form the less toxic and insoluble As(V). The effects of various experimental parameters including initial Fe2+ and H2O2 concentrations, working pH, and contact time were studied through a batch experiment. The concentration of As(V) resulted from the photo-oxidation was determined by visible spectrophotometry method based on the formation of arsenate molybdate solution. The results of the research attributed noticeably that the As(III) could be oxidized through photo-Fenton process to form As(V) that was assigned by a considerable decline in the concentration. The maximal oxidation of As(III) with 10 mg L-1 of the concentration in 50 mL of the aqueous solution, that was about 85%, can be reached in the presence of Fe2+ 10-2 mole L-1, H2O2 5. 10-2 mole L-1 at the working pH 3 and within 3 h of the reaction time. It has been also detected that for reaching the permissible level (lower than 0.01 mg L-1 ), three stages of the photo-Fenton process were required.</p>

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Preparation and Properties of Nano-Hydroxyapatite Derived from Sol-Gel Method for Cu2+ Polluted Water

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.115 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 512-515 ◽

pp. 115-118

Author(s):

Shao Hong Wang ◽

Hao Wang ◽

Zhao Xia Hou ◽

Cai Wang ◽

Xiao Dan Hu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Contact Time ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Copper Ion ◽

Solution Temperature ◽

Polluted Water ◽

Initial Concentration ◽

Gel Method ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Batch Technique ◽

Adsorbent Dose

Nano-hydroxyapatite (HAP) were prepared by sol-gel method with Ca(NO3)2•4H2O and H3PO4 precursors. The result was shown that the powder was spherical with very little reunion and the particle size was around 50nm. The HAP adsorbent was utilized for copper removal from aqueous solutions using the batch technique. Some parameters that determine copper ion uptake including contact time, adsorbent dose, the solution temperature and initial concentration of the copper in the aqueous solution were evaluated. The experimental results shown that the removal efficiency was about 99.27% at pH 7, 40°C, contact time 60 min, adsorbent dose of 5g/L and initial concentration of 60mg/L.

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