Triage and Protocol Recommendations for the Parasitology Laboratory Based on an Epidemiological Investigation of Parasite Diagnostics in Ontario Laboratories

OBJECTIVES:A study was performed using a subset of Ontario laboratory parasitology data, with three objectives: to describe parasitic infections in Ontario; to identify risk factors for acquiring a parasitic infection using routinely collected information; and to use this information to assess current protocols for parasite testing in laboratories and, in turn, to propose alternatives to optimize the allocation of laboratory resources.METHODS: All parasitology records from January 4, 2010 to September 14, 2010 were reviewed descriptively and risk factor analyses were performed using information collected from requisitions. These results were used to develop preliminary alternative protocols, which considered high-throughput screening tests and inclusion/exclusion criteria for ova and parasite testing; these were then retrospectively analyzed with the dataset to determine appropriateness.RESULTS: Of the 29,260 records analyzed, 10% were multiple samples from single patients submitted on the same day, of which 98% had the same result. Three percent of all parasite tests were positive, with the most prevalent parasites being (in ascending order)Dientamoeba fragilis,Giardia lamblia,Cryptosporidiumspecies andEntamoeba histolytica/dispar. Age and sex were found to be weak risk factors, while rural living was found to be a moderate risk factor forD fragilis,G lambliaandCryptosporidiuminfections. The strongest risk factor was travel history, especially for nonendemic parasites. The retrospective analysis of six alternative protocols identified four that may be more efficient than current procedures.CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that current protocols may be redundant and can be optimized to target prevalent parasites and populations with high risk factors.

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Abstract 18634: Favorable Cardiovascular Health and the Compression of Morbidity: Findings From the Chicago Heart Detection Project in Industry Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.18634 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Norrina B Allen ◽

Lihui Zhao ◽

Lei Liu ◽

Martha Daviglus ◽

Kiang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

High Risk ◽

Healthcare Costs ◽

Cardiovascular Health ◽

Heart Association ◽

Baseline Risk ◽

Compression Of Morbidity ◽

High Risk Factors ◽

Morbidity Score

Introduction: We sought to determine the association of CV health at younger ages with the proportion of life lived free of morbidity, the cumulative burden of morbidity, and average healthcare costs at older ages. Methods: The Chicago Heart Association (CHA) study is a longitudinal cohort of employed men and women aged 18-59 years at baseline exam in 1967-1973. Baseline risk factor levels included blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, BMI and smoking. Individuals were classified into one of four strata: favorable levels of all factors, 0 factors high but 1+ elevated, 1 high, and ≥2 high risk factors. Linked CMS/NDI data from 1984-2010 were used to determine morbidity in older age providing up to 40 years of follow-up. We included participants who were age 65+ between 1984 and 2010 and enrolled in Medicare FFS. All-cause morbidity was defined using the Gagne score. A CV morbidity score was defined as the sum of 4 CVDs including CHD (includes MI), PVD, cerebrovascular disease and CHF. Results: We included 25,390 participants (43% female, 90% White, mean age 44 at baseline); 6% had favorable levels, 19% had 1+ risk factors at elevated levels, 40% had 1 high risk factor and 35% had 2+ high risk factors. As compared to those with 2+ high risk factors, favorable CV health had lower levels of all-cause and CV morbidity from age 65-90 years, and a lower cumulative morbidity burden (p<0.001) translating to lower average annual healthcare costs ($15,905 vs $20,791 per year, p<0.001). Favorable CV health postponed the onset of all-cause morbidity by 4.5 years, the onset of CV morbidity by almost 7 years and extended life by almost 4 years resulting in a compression of morbidity on both the absolute and relative scale (see figure). Conclusion: Individuals in favorable CV health live a longer, healthier life and a greater proportion of life free of morbidity. These findings provide support for prevention efforts aimed at preserving cardiovascular health and reducing the burden of disease in older ages.

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Efficacy and toxicity of postoperative external beam radiotherapy or chemoradiation for early-stage cervical cancer

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-2019-001131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (12) ◽

pp. 1878-1886

Author(s):

Mick J E van den Akker ◽

Nanda Horeweg ◽

Jogchum Jan Beltman ◽

Carien L Creutzberg ◽

Remi A Nout

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Risk Factor ◽

High Risk ◽

Early Stage ◽

Free Survival ◽

High Risk Factors ◽

Early Stage Cervical Cancer ◽

Risk Factors For Recurrence

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the impact of the evolving role of the addition of chemotherapy to postoperative radiotherapy on oncological outcomes and toxicity in patients with early-stage cervical cancer after radical hysterectomy.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of patients with stage IB1–IIB FIGO 2009 cervical cancer treated from November 1999 to May 2015 by primary surgery and radiotherapy (46–50.4 Gy in 1.8–2.0 Gy fractions) with or without concurrent cisplatin (40 mg/m2, 5–6 weekly cycles) with or without a brachytherapy boost. Chemotherapy was allocated depending on the risk factors for recurrence. Incidences of all outcomes were calculated using Kaplan–Meier’s methodology and compared by log-rank tests. Risk factors for recurrence and survival were identified using Cox’s proportional hazards models.ResultsA total of 154 patients were included, median follow-up was 9.6 years (IQR: 6.1–12.8). Five-year pelvic recurrence-free survival was 75.3%; 74.7% in patients with high-risk factors treated with radiotherapy; and 77.3% in those treated with chemoradiation (P=0.43). Distant metastasis-free survival at 5 years was 63.4%; 63.6% in high-risk patients after radiotherapy; and 57.1% after chemoradiation (P=0.36). Five-year overall survival was 63.9%: 66.8% and 51.6% after radiotherapy and after chemoradiation in patients with high-risk factors (P=0.37), respectively. Large tumor size was a risk factor for vaginal and pelvic recurrence, ≥2 involved lymph nodes was a significant risk factor for para-aortic recurrence and death. Mild treatment-related late toxicity was observed in 53.9% of the patients. Five-year severe (grade 3–5) late rectal, bladder, bowel, and vaginal toxicities were, respectively, 1.3%, 0%, 3.4%, and 0.9%. Any late severe toxicity was observed in 5.5% of patients treated with radiotherapy and in 15.3% of those treated with chemoradiation (P=0.07).ConclusionPostoperative (chemo)radiation for early-stage cervical cancer patients with risk factors for recurrence yields adequate pelvic tumor control, but overall survival is limited due to distant metastasis.

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Pre-Transplant Variables Affecting the Outcome of Submyeloablative Allogeneic HSCT in Uniformly Treated Patients with Hematologic Malignancies.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v104.11.2324.2324 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 104 (11) ◽

pp. 2324-2324

Author(s):

Jayesh Mehta ◽

S. Singhal ◽

M. Tallman ◽

S. Williams ◽

J. Winter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Risk Factor ◽

High Risk ◽

Cox Model ◽

Performance Status ◽

Hematologic Malignancies ◽

Current Treatment ◽

Allogeneic Hsct ◽

High Risk Factors

Abstract The outcome of 63 consecutive submyeloablative allografts (27–66 y, median 52) performed for hematologic malignancies after 100 mg/m2 melphalan without (n=21; prior autograft) or with (n=42; no prior autograft) 50 mg/kg cyclophosphamide was analyzed to study the effect of pre-transplant characteristics. GVHD prophylaxis comprised cyclosporine-mycophenolate (n=37; HLA-identical sibling donors) or tacrolimus-mycophenolate (n=26, 1-locus mismatched sibling or 9–10/10 allele-matched unrelated). No growth factors were administered routinely post-transplant and supportive care was uniform. 14 patients experienced transplant-related mortality (TRM), and 32 relapsed. 24 relapsing patients died, and 7 of the other 8 are alive in CR or with declining disease. The following factors were analyzed in a Cox model for their effect on TRM and relapse: chemosensitive (n=25) vs refractory disease (n=38), age ≤55 (n=44) vs >55 (n=19), normal (n=32) vs abnormal (n=31) LDH, HLA match (n=56) vs mismatch (n=7), prior autograft or not, performance status 0–1 (n=47) vs 2–3 (n=16). Outcome Favorable factor RR (95% CI) P TRM Age ≤55 0.20 (0.04–0.86) 0.03 HLA matched 0.21 (0.05–0.89) 0.04 Performance status 0-1 0.25 (0.06–0.99) 0.05 Relape Chemosensitive disease 0.28 (0.11–0.73) 0.01 Fig 1 shows TRM for patients with 0, 1 or 2 high-risk factors for TRM. Fig 1 shows TRM for patients with 0, 1 or 2 high-risk factors for TRM. Fig 2 shows overall survival (OS) for patients with 0 or 1 high-risk factors for TRM by disease chemosensitivity. Fig 2 shows overall survival (OS) for patients with 0 or 1 high-risk factors for TRM by disease chemosensitivity. Table 2 shows the causes of death by risk factors for TRM and disease chemosensitivity. Group (n) Alive TRM Death from disease A: 2 risk factors for TRM (7) 1 (14%) 5 (71%) 1 (14%) B: 1 risk factor for TRM + Refractory (19) 2 (11%) 6 (32%) 11 (58%) C: 1 risk factor for TRM + Sensitive (9) 5 (56%) 1 (11%) 3 (33%) D: 0 risk factor for TRM + Refractory (12) 3 (25%) 1 (8%) 8 (67%) E: 0 risk factor for TRM + Sensitive (16) 13 (81%) 1 (6%) 2 (13%) These data suggest that while the current treatment approach is optimal for patients falling in Group E, modified approaches are needed for other patients. Based on the causes of failure, the following modifications appear to be warranted. Group A: A completely non-ablative regimen to reduce toxicity. Group B: A completely non-ablative regimen to reduce toxicity with augmentation of graft-vs-tumor effects by elective donor leukocyte infusions and/or abbreviated immunosuppression. Group C: Augmentation of graft-vs-tumor effects by elective donor leukocyte infusions and/or abbreviated immunosuppression. Group D: Conventional-intensity rather than reduced-intensity allogeneic HSCT.

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Prevalence of parasitic infections among recent immigrants to Chicago

10.1101/575779 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jesica A. Herrick ◽

Monica Nordstrom ◽

Patrick Maloney ◽

Miguel Rodriguez ◽

Kevin Naceanceno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Health Disparity ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

The United States ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Recent Immigrants ◽

Immigrant Populations ◽

Important Health ◽

Stool Samples

ABSTRACTBackgroundParasitic infections are likely under-recognized among immigrant populations in the United States (US). We conducted a cross-sectional study to evaluate the frequency of such infections among recent immigrants in Chicago and to identify predictive factors for parasitic infections.Methodology and principal findings133 recent immigrants were enrolled, filling out a standardized questionnaire regarding medical history and exposures and providing blood and stool samples for evaluation. Fifteen of 125 subjects (12%) who provided a blood or stool sample for testing were found to have evidence of current or prior infection with a pathogenic parasite, of whichToxocaraspp. (8 subjects, 6.4%) andStrongyloides stercoralis(5 subjects, 4%) were most commonly identified. Parasitic infection was more likely among subjects who had immigrated within the previous 2 years and those with a self-reported history of ever having seen worms in the stool. Infected individuals were likely to have multiple nonspecific physical complaints; however, classic symptoms of parasitic infections (skin rashes, diarrhea,etc.)were not increased among infected individuals. The most useful surrogate markers identified for parasitic infections were an elevated Immunoglobulin E level (seen in 7/15 subjects with parasitic infections, 46.7% and 22/110 uninfected individuals, 20%, p=0.04) and the presence ofBlastocystis hominiscysts on Ova & Parasite exam (detected in 5/13 subjects with parasitic infections who provided a stool sample, 38.5% and 5/98 uninfected subjects, 5.1%, p=0.002). In contrast, the Absolute Eosinophil Count (typically thought of as an indicator of parasites) was not found to be a good screening test for parasitic infections in this study.ConclusionsOur study found that parasitic infections are common in recent US immigrants, which highlights an important health disparity among a vulnerable population. Further, we found that classically used symptoms and laboratory tests had a low predictive value for parasitic infections in this population.AUTHOR SUMMARYParasitic infections, though rare in the United States (US), are common in many areas of the world including the regions of origin of many US immigrants. However, the prevalence rates and health impacts of these infections in immigrant populations are undefined. We conducted a study to identify the frequency of parasitic infections among healthy immigrants in one community, recruiting 133 immigrants from 28 countries. Subjects completed a standardized questionnaire regarding symptoms and infection risk-factors and provided blood and stool samples for testing. Twelve percent of subjects in our study had evidence of current or previous pathogenic parasitic infections. Symptoms and risk factors classically thought to be associated with parasitic infection (allergic symptoms, elevated blood eosinophil counts,etc.)were common among enrolled subjects, but did not differ significantly between those with and without evidence for infection. Overall, our results suggest that many immigrants, even those who are asymptomatic, may have undiagnosed parasitic infections. These results highlight an important health disparity among a vulnerable underserved population in the US. As most of these infections are easily treatable, more research should be done to further characterize the optimal testing strategies for recent immigrants.

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Objective screening of hearing impairment using brainstem evoked response audiometry in children below 5 years of age and assessing the high risk factors

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20182475 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 923 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mallikarjun Patil ◽

Prakash Handi ◽

K. R. Prasenkumar ◽

Kranti Gouripur

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

Risk Factor ◽

High Risk ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Hearing Threshold ◽

Evoked Response ◽

Common Risk Factor ◽

High Risk Factors ◽

Evoked Response Audiometry

Background: Hearing impairment is a common disability in children. This study is to evaluate the common high risk factors for hearing loss in our locality and to estimate hearing threshold by brain stem evoked response audiometry.Methods: 100 children under five years were subjected to brainstem evoked response audiometry. Wave V morphology was studied and hearing threshold estimated. The high risk factor(s) were analysed and degree of hearing impairment assessed. Results: 38 children were found to have hearing impairment. Most of the children had bilateral hearing impairment. Of them 30 children (79%) had profound hearing loss. Consanguineous marriage was the most common risk factor.Conclusions: Since consanguinity is the most common risk factor, health education and genetic counselling will help to decrease the incidence of autosomal recessive nonsyndromic deafness. Improvement in immunization for rubella can decrease the hearing impairment due to these infections. Due to availability of medical facilities hearing impairment due to perinatal factors have decreased.

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Prevalence of Hamstring Strain Injury Risk Factors in Professional and Under-20 Male Football (Soccer) Players

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2018-0084 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 339-345 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

João Breno Ribeiro-Alvares ◽

Maurício Pinto Dornelles ◽

Carolina Gassen Fritsch ◽

Felipe Xavier de Lima-e-Silva ◽

Thales Menezes Medeiros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Injury Risk ◽

Core Stability ◽

Screening Tests ◽

Football Players ◽

Fascicle Length ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hamstring Strain ◽

Functional Movements

Context: Hamstring strain injury (HSI) is the most prevalent injury in football (soccer), and a few intrinsic factors have been associated with higher injury rates. Objective: To describe the prevalence of the main intrinsic risk factors for HSI in professional and under-20 football players. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Physiotherapy laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (Brazil). Participants: A total of 101 football players (52 professional and 49 under-20 players). Intervention: An evidence-based testing protocol for screening HSI risk factors. Main Outcome Measures: Anamnesis, ultrasonography of the hamstrings, passive straight-leg raise test, Functional Movement Screen, and isokinetic dynamometry were performed. Eleven HSI risk factors for each leg were assessed, besides the player’s age as a systemic risk factor. Reports were delivered to the coaching staff. Results: Professionals had greater prevalence of HSI history compared with under-20 players (40% vs 18%). No between-group differences were found for the other screening tests. Altogether, 30% of players had already sustained at least one HSI; 58% had a history of injuries in adjacent regions; 49% had short biceps femoris fascicles; 66% and 21% had poor passive and active flexibility, respectively; 42% and 29% had deficits in functional movements and core stability, respectively; 7% and 26% presented bilateral imbalance for hamstring concentric and eccentric strength, respectively; 87% and 94% obtained low values for hamstring-to-quadriceps conventional and functional ratios, respectively. Two-thirds of players had 3 to 5 risk factors per leg. None of the players was fully free of HSI risk factors. Conclusion: Most football players present multiple risk factors for sustaining an HSI. Hamstring weakness is the most prevalent risk factor, but the teams should also be aware of deficits in flexibility, core stability, functional movements, and hamstring fascicle length.

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Abstract P058: Cardiovascular Health Screening In 26,063 Adolescent Blood Donors

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.129.suppl_1.p058 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Odette Gore ◽

Stephen J Eason ◽

Colby R Ayers ◽

Jarett D Berry ◽

Amit Khera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

High Risk ◽

School District ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Low Income ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽

High Risk Factors

Introduction and Objective: Cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents track into adulthood and are associated with morbidity and early mortality. As part of a pilot health screening program implemented by Carter BloodCare, the largest independent blood program in Texas, we screened a large adolescent blood donor population for key cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: Blood pressure (SBP and DBP), total cholesterol and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) were measured in 26,063 volunteer high-school blood donors, 16-19 years of age, between 2011 and 2013. Cardiovascular risk factors were classified as high risk (SBP ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mm Hg, cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL, HbA1C ≥ 6.5%) and intermediate or high risk (SBP ≥ 120 mm Hg and/or DBP ≥ 80 mm Hg, cholesterol ≥ 170 mg/dL, HbA1C ≥ 5.7%). The main study measures were the prevalence of 1, 2 or 3 risk factors within the same individual in the study population, with stratification by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and school district socioeconomic characteristics. Results: In the overall cohort, 66.5% of donors had at least one and 20.3% had at least two intermediate or high risk factors, and 15.3% had at least one high risk factor (Table). The percentage of donors in each non-zero category of intermediate or high risk factors increased with age (Ptrend<0.001), was higher in ethnic minorities (P<0.001 each for Asian, Black and Hispanic vs. White), and there were more boys than girls in all non-zero risk categories (P<0.001 for all). There were no statistically significant relationships between risk factor categories and socioeconomic characteristics (urban vs. rural and low-income vs. not low-income donor school district). Conclusions: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among adolescent blood donors is common, with two or more concomitant risk factors identifiable in many donors. Blood donation programs may provide a unique portal for early screening and targeted preventive intervention in youth, with potential for cardiovascular disease prevention in the community.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Intestinal Parasitic Infection among Primary School Children in Dera District, Northwest Ethiopia

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2021/5517564 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-15

Author(s):

Dires Tegen ◽

Destaw Damtie

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Primary School ◽

School Children ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽

Factors Associated ◽

School Based

Background. Globally, over 600 million school children are living with intestinal parasites. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) among school children in Ethiopia and the Amhara region is 52% and 51%, respectively. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of IPIs among primary school children in Dera district, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to February 2020. The study used a structured pretested questionnaire and stool tests to obtain epidemiological and disease data. Data were analyzed using appropriate univariate and multivariable logistic regression methods by statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 25.0. Results. Of the 382 students who were examined for IPIs, 238 (62.3%) (61.8% males, 62.8% females) were positive for one or more IPIs. One hundred thirty-six (35.6%), 98 (25.7%), and 4 (1.05%) were single, double, and triple infections, respectively. Out of the nine species of IPIs detected, Entamoeba sp. was the predominant species (29.6%) followed by hookworm (21.7%), Schistosoma mansoni (11.3%), Taenia sp. (9.2%), Giardia lamblia (5.2%), and Ascaris lumbricoides, Hymenolepis nana, and Enterobius vermicularis (4.2%) each, and Trichuris trichiura (0.5%). Family size greater than five (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.004, 3.13), open field school waste disposal (AOR = 15.88; 95% CI: 1.91, 132.1), and lack of knowledge about intestinal parasitic infection (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.1, 3.2) were the independent risk factors associated with the overall prevalence of IPIs. Conclusions. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was high in the Dera district. Health education, extending school-based deworming, and mass treatments are recommended.

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Gambaran Faktor Risiko pada Wanita Hamil Trimester 3 yang Terkonfirmasi Positif SARS-CoV-2

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.v9i2.31879 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Aurelia S. Posumah ◽

Mayer F. Wowor ◽

Glady I. Rambert

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Close Contact ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Travel History ◽

The Third ◽

Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) a infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). There are several groups that are susceptible to infection with SARS-CoV-2, one of which is pregnant women. This can be attributed to changes in the physiology and immune system that occur in pregnant women. This study aimed to determine the most risk factors that cause pregnant women in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou was infected with SARS-CoV-2. This type of research is descriptive with a retrospective approach, using secondary data in the form of data from the patient's medical record status. From 5 patients studied, there were 4 patients with risk factors for hypertension (80%) and 1 patient with close contact risk factors (20%), but other risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, travel history in transmission areas, obesity and smoking are not found. In conclusion, from 5 patients studied, the most risk factor that causes pregnant women in the third trimester to be infected with SARS-CoV-2 is hypertension (80%).Keywords: 3rd trimester pregnant women, SARS-CoV-2, risk factor Abstrak: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Terdapat beberapa kelompok yang rentan terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2, salah satunya wanita hamil. Hal ini dapat dikaitkan dengan perubahan fisiologi dan sistem imunitas tubuh yang terjadi pada wanita hamil. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor risiko terbanyak yang menyebabkan wanita hamil di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan retrospektif, yaitu menggunakan data sekunder berupa data dari status rekam medik pasien. Dari 5 pasien yang diteliti, didapatkan 4 pasien dengan faktor risiko hipertensi (80%) dan 1 pasien dengan faktor risiko kontak erat (20%), namun pada faktor risiko lain seperti diabetes melitus, riwayat perjalanan di daerah transmisi, obesitas dan merokok tidak ditemukan. Sebagai simpulan, dari 5 pasien yang diteliti, faktor risiko terbanyak yang menyebabkan wanita hamil trimester 3 terinfeksi SARS-CoV-2 adalah hipertensi (80%).Kata Kunci: wanita hamil trimester 3, SARS-CoV-2, faktor risiko

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Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections among Patients Attending Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases ◽

10.9734/ajrid/2019/v2i129775 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

K. Mohammed ◽

M. Kabiru Gulma ◽

M. Yahaya ◽

T. H. I. Spencer ◽

S. U. Nataala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Water Supply ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Parasitic Infection ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

University Teaching ◽

Parasitic Infections ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intestinal Parasitic Infections

Background: Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the major health issue in developing countries particularly in Sub -Saharan Africa. It has been estimated to affect about 3.5 billion people globally and 450 million people are thought to be ill as a result of such infections, the majority being children. Aims: The study was aimed at determining the prevalence and associated risk factors of intestinal parasitic infections among patients attending Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria. Study Design: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted among patients attending Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Sokoto state, between May to November 2017. Methodology: A total of 245 participants were enrolled in the study. Standard parasitological examination was carried out on stool samples using microscopic examination. Results: Finding revealed that 29 (11.8%) were positive for intestinal parasitic infections. Males recorded higher prevalence than the females with 19 (11.9%) and 10 (11.7%), respectively. Conclusion: Low level of education, occupational status, poor water supply were among the significant risk factors for these infections. Prevalence and intensity of parasitic infections among the study community could be reduce by Creating awareness, level of sanitation, water supply and deworming programme among school children.

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