scholarly journals Expression of a Splice Variant of CYP26B1 in Betel Quid-Related Oral Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping-Ho Chen ◽  
Ka-Wo Lee ◽  
Cheng-Chieh Hsu ◽  
Jeff Yi-Fu Chen ◽  
Yan-Hsiung Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Splice Variant ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Betel Quid ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer

Betel quid (BQ) is a psychostimulant, an addictive substance, and a group 1 carcinogen that exhibits the potential to induce adverse health effects. Approximately, 600 million users chew a variety of BQ. Areca nut (AN) is a necessary ingredient in BQ products. Arecoline is the primary alkaloid in the AN and can be metabolized through the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Full-length CYP26B1 is related to the development of oral pharyngeal cancers. We investigated whether a splice variant of CYP26B1 is associated with the occurrence of ROS related oral and pharyngeal cancer. Cytotoxicity assays were used to measure the effects of arecoline on cell viability in a dose-dependent manner.In vitroandin vivostudies were conducted to evaluate the expression of the CYP26B1 splice variant. The CYP26B1 splice variant exhibited lower expression than did full-length CYP26B1 in the human gingival fibroblast-1 and Ca9-22 cell models. Increased expression of the CYP26B1 splice variant was observed in human oral cancer tissue compared with adjacent normal tissue, and increased expression was observed in patients at a late tumor stage. Our results suggested that the CYP26B1 splice variant is associated with the occurrence of BQ-related oral cancer.

scholarly journals Cytotoxic Effects of Pistacia Atlantica (Baneh) Fruit Extract on Human KB Cancer Cell Line

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Zohreh Jaafari-Ashkvandi ◽  
Saeed Yousefi Shirazi ◽  
Somayeh Rezaeifard ◽  
Azadeh Hamedi ◽  
Nasrollah Erfani
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Normal Fibroblast ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Apoptosis Induction ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Induction Of Apoptosis

Plants with anticancer properties are considered as cancer preventive and treatment sources, due to their some biological effects. Apoptosis induction and anti-proliferative effects of Baneh extract on various cancer cell lines have been reported. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of this fruit on KB and human gingival fibroblast cell lines (HGF). KB and HGF cells were treated with various concentrations of ethanolic Baneh extract and cisplatin as positive control. Cytotoxic activity and apoptosis induction were investigated using WST-1 and Annexin V assays. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and student’s t-tests. IC50 after 24 and 48 hours treatment were respectively 2.6 and 1 mg/mL for KB cell line, and 1.5 and 1.6 mg/mL for HGF cell. During 48 hours Baneh extract induced apoptosis without significant necrosis, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The induction of apoptosis in KB cells was significantly higher than HGF. It seems that ethanolic extract of Baneh contains compounds that can suppress KB cell growth through the induction of apoptosis. Within 48 hours, less cytotoxic effects were observed on normal fibroblast cells; therefore, it might be a potential anticancer agent.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Oral and Pharyngeal Cancers and the Relationship Between Tumour Size and Lymph Node Metastases in Oral Cancer.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Omar ◽  
Mohammad Rmman ◽  
Madiha Al Hafi ◽  
Mohammad Sadek Al-Masalmeh ◽  
Louei Darjazini Nahas
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Tumour Size ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Chief Complaint ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Lower Lip ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: the study aimed at studying the incidence and prevalence rates of oral and pharyngeal cancer and their distribution according to gender, tumour size, histological type and chief complaint. We also tackled the relationship between the tumour size and the metastasis to the regional lymph nodes.Materials and Methods: This cohort retrospective study was done in Al-Mouasat hospital from January 2017 to June 2020. The population included patients with oral or pharynx cancer who were admitted to the Ear, Nose, Throat department.Results: The total participants were 96 cases. The median age was 57 year. The most common tumour location was oral tumour 58.3%, and the most common chief complaint about oral tumour was mass by 62.5%. while nasopharynx cases most commonly came with neck mass 68.2%. 50% was the percentage of dysphagia that was the most common complaint. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most common histologic type < 90% of the oral, oropharynx, and hypopharynx cases. About the classification of the tumour due to its subsite 33.9% of the oral cases were in lip and especially the lower one. Whereas, oropharynx most frequent tumour site was the tonsil (50%). we found statistical evidence for the relationship between the tumour size (T) and the metastasis to the regional lymph node (N) in oral cancer.Conclusion: Oral and pharyngeal cancer is a very important issue. And according to our paper, the most frequent cancer was oral cancer and especially lower lip tumour. oral cancer presents with mass. whereas, the nasopharyngeal cancer presentation was neck mas. The most common histological type was SCC. And we reached a relationship between the T and N in oral cancer

scholarly journals The Epidemiological Trend of Oral Carcinoma in Eastern Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 2917-2922
Author(s):  
Ramona Camelia Rumel ◽  
Laura Cristina Rusu ◽  
Pusa Nela Gaje ◽  
Ramona Amina Popovici ◽  
Marius Raica
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
World Health ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
East Europe ◽  
Epidemiological Trend ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Very High

Oral and pharyngeal cancer is estimated by World Health Organization (WHO) to be the eighth most common cancer worldwide with signi�cant regional variation with increasing and decreasing incidence trend. The aim of the study was to evaluate the oral cancer epidemiological trend, incidence and mortality in Central and East Europe (CEE), and to compare the incidence of oral cancer with other regions from the world. The analyzed data was from NORDCAN and GLOBOCAN, using ASR (age- standardize rate) incidence and mortality overall and by sexes. The incidence of oral and pharyngeal cancer is higher in CEE than the global incidence. This is in accord with specific mortality from oral and pharyngeal cancer that is higher in CEE than the regions other submitted to the current evaluation. The incidence of oral cancer is very high at man, especially in Hungary, which is the most affected from oral cancer from CEE.

scholarly journals The Influence of Monoamine Oxidase Variants on the Risk of Betel Quid-Associated Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping-Ho Chen ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
Tien-Yu Shieh ◽  
Yan-Hsiung Wang ◽  
Yuk-Kwan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Betel Quid ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽  
Group I ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Mao A ◽  
Potentially Malignant

Betel quid (BQ) and areca nut (AN) (major BQ ingredient) are group I human carcinogens illustrated by International Agency for Research on Cancer and are closely associated with an elevated risk of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx. The primary alkaloid of AN, arecoline, can be metabolizedviathe monoamine oxidase (MAO) gene by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS). The aim of this study was to investigate whether the variants of the susceptible candidate MAO genes are associated with OPMDs and oral and pharyngeal cancer. A significant trend of MAO-A mRNA expression was found inin vitrostudies. Using paired human tissues, we confirmed the significantly decreased expression of MAO-A and MAO-B in cancerous tissues when compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. Moreover, we determined that MAO-A single nucleotide polymorphism variants are significantly linked with oral and pharyngeal cancer patients in comparison to OPMDs patients [rs5953210 risk G-allele, odds ratio = 1.76; 95% confidence interval = 1.02-3.01]. In conclusion, we suggested that susceptible MAO family variants associated with oral and pharyngeal cancer may be implicated in the modulation of MAO gene activity associated with ROS.

Baseline data of oral and pharyngeal cancer before introducing an oral cancer prevention campaign in Germany

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Hertrampf ◽  
Nora Eisemann ◽  
Jörg Wiltfang ◽  
Ron Pritzkuleit ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Wenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Prevention ◽  
Baseline Data ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Prevention Campaign ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer

Early detection of oral cancer in Portugal: The experience of UMEMD.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13039-e13039
Author(s):  
Fernanda Estevinho ◽  
Margarida Gouveia ◽  
Marta Costa ◽  
Sara Moura ◽  
João Sérgio Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
Oral Cancers ◽  
The North ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
The University ◽  
Suspicious Lesions

e13039 Background: Oral and pharyngeal cancer is the 11th most common malignancy worldwide. Although the oral cavity is a potentially accessible site for examination, up to 50% of oral cancers are detected at advanced stage. The Mobile Unit of Stomatology and Dental Medicine (UMEMD) of the Portuguese League Against Cancer (LPCC) and of the Portuguese Association of Hospital Dental Medicine (APMDH) has developed oral cancer early diagnosis consultations. This consultations were performed by a team of 50 doctors specialized in oral cancer diagnosis. Once a month the team of UMEMD went to a different region of the North of Portugal. Early oral cancer diagnosis consultations were also performed twice a week at the Portuguese League Against Cancer at Oporto.We present the experience of UMEMD in the early diagnosis consultation of oral cancer, since its foundation in August 2012 until the end of 2016. Methods: We performed a retrospective evaluation of medical records of patients observed in the early diagnosis consultation of oral cancer of UMEMD between August 2012 and December 2016. We assessed the demographic characteristics, risk factors, cancer history, likely diagnosis and the referral of patients. Results: 6,231 new patients were observed; median age of patients was 63 years-old [1;102], 93 patients were younger than 18 years-old. There was information about smoking habits of the majority of patients n = 4,521(72.6%): 597(9.6%) were smokers and 653(10.5%) former smokers. 228 (3.6%) patients had previous cancer. We detected: 963 lesions (15.5%); the majority of the lesions were at the tongue n = 263 (4.2%).The patients with suspicious lesions (n = 638; 10.2%) were referred to: Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Oporto: n = 146 (2.3%); Faculty of Dental Medicine of the University of Oporto: n = 353 (5.7%); Physicians at other hospitals: n = 139 (2.2%). Conclusions: Consultations for oral cancer early diagnosis performed by an experienced team has enabled the detection of suspicious lesions in 10.2% of the patients. Cooperation with other institutions, through protocols, allowed the referral and early treatment of these patients.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Betel Quid Use in the Solomon Islands: A Hyperendemic Area for Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 586-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silent Tovosia ◽  
Allen Min-Jen Ko ◽  
Ping-Ho Chen ◽  
Pei-Chien Tsai ◽  
Hung-Pin Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Betel Quid ◽  
Pharyngeal Cancer ◽  
Hyperendemic Area ◽  
Oral And Pharyngeal Cancer

scholarly journals Improved response of human gingival fibroblasts to titanium coated with micro-/nano-structured tantalum

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-nan Zhang ◽  
Lin-yi Zhou ◽  
Shu-jiao Qian ◽  
Ying-xin Gu ◽  
Jun-yu Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Integrin Β1

Abstract Objectives This study aims to evaluate the ability of tantalum-coated titanium to improve human gingival fibroblasts’ adhesion, viability, proliferation, migration performance, and the potential molecular mechanisms. Materials and methods Titanium plates were divided into two groups: (1) no coating (Ti, control), (2) Tantalum-coated titanium (Ta-coated Ti). All samples were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, surface roughness, and hydrophilicity. Fibroblasts’ performance were analyzed by attached cell number at 1 h, 4 h, and 24 h, morphology at 1 h and 4 h, viability at 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days, recovery after wounding at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h. RT-PCR, western blot were applied to detect attachment-related genes’ expression and protein synthesis at 4 h and 24 h. Student’s t test was used for statistical analysis. Results Tantalum-coated titanium demonstrates a layer of homogeneously distributed nano-grains with mean diameter of 25.98 (± 14.75) nm. It was found that after tantalum deposition, human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) adhesion, viability, proliferation, and migration were promoted in comparison to the control group. An upregulated level of Integrin β1 and FAK signaling was also detected, which might be the underlying mechanism. Conclusion In the present study, adhesion, viability, proliferation, migration of human gingival fibroblasts are promoted on tantalum-coated titanium, upregulated integrin β1 and FAK might contribute to its superior performance, indicating tantalum coating can be applied in transmucosal part of dental implant. Clinical significance Tantalum deposition on titanium surfaces can promote human gingival fibroblast adhesion, accordingly forming a well-organized soft tissue sealing and may contribute to a successful osseointegration.

scholarly journals Antimetastatic Effects of Sesamin on Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Regulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Ming Chen ◽  
Pei-Yin Chen ◽  
Chia-Chieh Lin ◽  
Ming-Chang Hsieh ◽  
Jen-Tsun Lin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Human Head ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Dependent Manner

Background: Sesamin is a lignin present in sesame oil from the bark of Zanthoxylum spp. Sesamin reportedly has anticarcinogenic potential and exerts anti-inflammatory effects on several tumors. Hypothesis/Purpose: However, the effect of sesamin on metastatic progression in human head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSCC) remains unknown in vitro and in vivo; hence, we investigated the effect of sesamin on HNSCC cells in vitro. Methods and Results: Sesamin-treated human oral cancer cell lines FaDu, HSC-3, and Ca9-22 were subjected to a wound-healing assay. Furthermore, Western blotting was performed to assess the effect of sesamin on the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and proteins of the MAPK signaling pathway, including p-ERK1/2, P-p38, and p-JNK1/2. In addition, we investigated the association between MMP-2 expression and the MAPK pathway in sesamin-treated oral cancer cells. Sesamin inhibited cell migration and invasion in FaDu, Ca9-22, and HSC-3 cells and suppressed MMP-2 at noncytotoxic concentrations (0 to 40 μM). Furthermore, sesamin significantly reduced p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner in FaDu and HSC-3 cells. Conclusions: These results indicate that sesamin suppresses the migration and invasion of HNSCC cells by regulating MMP-2 and is thus a potential antimetastatic agent for treating HNSCC.

scholarly journals Insight into metastatic oral cancer tissue from novel analyses using FTIR spectroscopy and aperture IR-SNOM

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barnaby Ellis ◽  
Conor A Whitley ◽  
Safaa Al Jedani ◽  
Caroline Smith ◽  
Philip Gunning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Lymphoid Tissue ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Cancer Tissue ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithm ◽  
Nodal Metastases ◽  
Insight Into

A novel machine learning algorithm is shown to accurately discriminate between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) nodal metastases and surrounding lymphoid tissue on the basis of a single metric, the...

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