scholarly journals Cardiovascular Diseases and Women: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behavior in the General Population in Italy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Maria Roberta Tedesco ◽  
Gabriella Di Giuseppe ◽  
Francesco Napolitano ◽  
Italo Francesco Angelillo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
General Population ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Behavior ◽  
High Cholesterol Level ◽  
Almost All

Background. The objectives of the study were to document knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of women regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and the determinants associated.Materials and Methods. The cross-sectional survey was conducted among a random sample of 830 women older than 18 years from the general population in Italy.Results. Almost all participants reported having heard about CVDs, and among them 89.4% and 74.7% identified smoking and high cholesterol level as risk factors. Only 26.5% identified the main CVDs risk factors. Women more knowledgeable were married and better educated and self-perceived a worse health status. Only 23% knew the main CVDs preventive measures and this knowledge was significantly higher in women who are unemployed, who are more educated, who have received information about CVDs from physicians, and who know the main risk factors. Respondents with lower education, those with at least three children, those who self-perceived a worse health status, and those who need information were most likely to have a positive attitude toward the perceived risk of developing CVDs. Women with two or three children or more were at high risk profiles 49% and 56% lower than women with one child.Conclusions. Educational programs are needed among women as support to improve knowledge and appropriate behavior about CVDs.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Acute MI in a Secondary Hospital in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ullah ◽  
Suman Kumar Saha ◽  
Md Toufiqur Rahman ◽  
Md Abdul Karim ◽  
Rashid Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Secondary Hospital

Background: Incidence of noncommunicable disease, specially cardiovascular diseases, is increasing in Bangladesh. Prevalence of risk factors in ischaemic heart disease (IHD) has been studied in different tertiary hospitals and institutes. This study was done in a secondary hospital with a patient population mainly of low socioeconomic condition and was compared with other patient groups of the country and Indian subcontinent. Methods: this cross sectional study was conducted in Manikganj Sadar Hospital from July 2019 to December 2019. All the patients admitted with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) were included. Cardiovascular risk factors, like smoking, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), family history of premature cardiovascular diseases, dyslipidaemia and obesity, were evaluated among the patients. Results: This cross-sectional study showed most of the patients were in the age group of 50-59 years. 66% of the male patients and 2% of the female patients were smoker. 66% of the patients were hypertensive, 44% patients were diabetic, 28.5% patients were overweight, 60.4% patients had total cholesterol > 200mg/dl, 73.6% patients had LDL>130 mg/dl, 110 76.3% patients had HDL < 40 mg/ dl, 72.2% had triglyceride >150 mg/dl and 39% patients had family history of premature cardiovascular disease. Ninety (62.5%) patients had anterior MI, 50 (34.7%) patients had inferior MI and 4 (2.7%) patients had NSTEMI. 65 patients had no major risk factor and 57 % had three or more risk factors. Conclusion: The study population was more aged in comparison to other studies conducted in different parts of Bangladesh. Prevalence of smoking habit was lower but the prevalence of HTN, DM and dyslipidaemia were higher than the general population and other cohorts of MI patients. The prevalence of major risk factors was much higher than the general population of Bangladesh. Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 12(2): 96-101

Assessment of Cardiovascular Diseases Knowledge and Risk Factors Among Adult Population in the South Region of Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110606
Author(s):  
Izzeddin A. Bdair
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
The South ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Total Knowledge Score

Cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality and disability worldwide. This study aimed to assess knowledge of cardiovascular disease and risk factors among the adult population in the south region of Saudi Arabia. A web-based cross-sectional survey of 1,049 participants was completed during August 2021. Data were collected by using 25-item heart disease fact questionnaire. The study population included 526 men (50.1%) and 523 women (49.9%) with a mean age of 36 ± 12 years. The average total knowledge score was 65.7 ± 20.80. The items with the highest knowledge were smoking, overweight, aging, high cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, and family history. Findings revealed that knowledge regarding cardiovascular diseases is inadequate with a high prevalence of risk factors among the Saudi Arabian population. Healthcare professionals and organizations have a crucial role in raising public awareness regarding health promotion, regular screening, and lifestyles modifications. Interventional studies are needed to investigate the actual magnitude of CVDs and counteract them.

Prevalence and risk factors of airflow obstruction in a Caribbean population

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 512-519
Author(s):  
L. Conyette ◽  
F. Lutchmansingh ◽  
S. Sakhamuri ◽  
D. Simeon ◽  
M. A. Ivey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
General Population ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Caribbean Population ◽  
Almost All

SETTING: The prevalence of airflow obstruction (AO) in the Caribbean population is unknown.OBJECTIVE: To measure the prevalence of and risk factors for AO (post-bronchodilator ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 sec to forced vital capacity of <0.7) in the Trinidad and Tobago general population using the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease methodology.DESIGN: National cross-sectional, stratified, cluster sampling of adults aged ≥40 years.RESULTS: AO prevalence was 9.5% among 1104 participants, most of whom were unaware of this. Compared to those aged 40–49 years, the adjusted odds ratio of AO by age group was 2.73 (60–69 years) and 3.30 (≥70 years). Risk factors for AO were unemployment (OR 4.31), being retired (OR 2.17), smoking ≥20 pack-years (OR 1.88) and exposure to dusty jobs for more than 1 year (OR 2.06). Related symptoms were history of wheezing, unscheduled visits to the doctor or admission to hospital for breathing problems and in subjects with at least one respiratory symptom (OR 1.90), at least one risk factor (OR 2.81), either symptoms or risk factors (OR 3.71) and both symptoms and risk factors (OR 5.78) (P < 0.05 in all cases).CONCLUSION: AO prevalence in the general population of Trinidad and Tobago aged ≥40 years was 9.5%, almost all of which was undiagnosed. AO was associated with smoking, age >59 years, lack of employment and working in a dusty job.

scholarly journals The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and associated risk factors in Al-Kharj population, Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamaan Al-Zahrani ◽  
Mamdouh M. Shubair ◽  
Sameer Al-Ghamdi ◽  
Abdullah A. Alrasheed ◽  
Abdulrahman A. Alduraywish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
General Population ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Hypercholesterolemia (HC) is an important precursor to many cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular diseases. A report conducted by the American Heart Association showed the prevalence of HC to be 11.9%, with around 28.5 million adults age ≥ 20 years having high cholesterol levels. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HC and its associated risk factors among the general population of Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on the general population of Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia in 2016. The representative sample consisted of 1019 individuals, who all participated on a voluntary basis. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Results The results of this study showed the prevalence of HC in the sample to be 12.5%. There was a significant moderate positive association between increasing age and the prevalence of HC (r = 0.240, P < 0.0001). Males had a significantly higher prevalence of HC (56.7%) compared to their female counterparts (43.3%) (X2 = 23.093, P ≤ 0.0001). BMI was positively and significantly associated with high cholesterol status. Participants in the overweight category had a significantly higher risk of HC (OR = 1.727; 95% CI = 1.58–1.914; P = 0.046). The non-obese (< 25 kg/m2) participants had an inverse significant association with the risk of hypercholesterolemia. (OR = 0.411; 95% CI = 0.216–0.783; P = 0.007). Conclusion In this population-based study, the predominant risk factors of HC in Al-Kharj region were being of a Saudi nationality, male, having obesity, being unemployed, and being a civilian worker. There is a clear need for future screening studies of HC, as most previous studies have reported contradictory prevalence data (because they were conducted in different regions of KSA). Furthermore, well-designed prospective cohort studies are needed in the future to assess how the association between lifestyle behavioural factors such as dietary intake patterns and levels of physical activity may affect the relative risk of HC status.

scholarly journals The physical health of people with severe mental illness in Bangladesh and Pakistan: A cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerardo Antonio Zavala ◽  
Asiful Haidar ◽  
Krishna Prasad-Muliyala ◽  
Faiza Aslam ◽  
Rumana Huque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
General Population ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Severe Mental Illness ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Risk Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Risk Behaviours

Abstract BackgroundPeople with severe mental illness (SMI) die earlier than the general population, primarily due to physical disorders. There is limited information on physical illnesses and health-risk behaviours in people with SMI in low and middle-income countries.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional survey in adults with SMI attending specialist mental health services in Bangladesh and Pakistan. Data were collected on non-communicable diseases (NCDs), their risk factors, health-risk behaviours, treatments and health risk modification advice (using questions from the WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance of NCDs (STEPS)) and on common mental disorders, health-related quality of life and infectious diseases. We performed a descriptive analysis, and compared weighted prevalence for these variables in our survey with prevalence for the general population in the STEPS reports from Bangladesh and Pakistan.ResultsWe recruited 2,344 participants with bipolar disorder (36.7%), non-affective psychosis (42.2%), and depression with psychosis (21.1%). Eight percent had diabetes, 24.7% hypertension and 3.1% tuberculosis. 43.4% were overweight or obese, and half had hypercholesterolemia. Most participants with diabetes, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were previously undiagnosed; of those diagnosed only around half were receiving treatment. Fifty-four percent of men and 17.2% of women used tobacco; 46.9% and 87.1% did not meet WHO recommendations for physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake respectively. Compared with the general population, people with SMI were more likely to have diabetes (O.R.=1.56,95%C.I.=1.30 to 1.88 Bangladesh), hypercholesterolemia (O.R.=2.35,95%C.I.=2.08 to 2.65 Bangladesh) and overweight or obesity (O.R.=1.97, 95%C.I.=1.75 to 2.22 Bangladesh; O.R.=1.61,95%C.I.=1.40 to 1.86 Pakistan). They were less likely to receive tobacco cessation (O.R.=0.33,95%C.I.=0.26 to 0.42 Bangladesh; O.R.=0.42,95%C.I.=0.31 to 0.55 Pakistan), and weight management advice (O.R.=0.51,95%C.I.=0.41 to 0.63 Bangladesh; and O.R.=0.65,95%C.I.=0.51 to 0.82 Pakistan).ConclusionDespite the high prevalence we found significant gaps in detection, prevention and treatment of NCDs and their risk factors in people with SMI.RegistrationISRCTN88485933; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN88485933

scholarly journals PERCEPTION OF RISK AND DRIVING UNDER THE EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL AND MARIJUANA ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN A MULTICENTER STUDY: COLOMBIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (spe) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan David Moncaleano ◽  
Bruna Brands
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Driving Under The Influence ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective: analyze the relationship between the perception of risk and the behavior of driving under the influence of alcohol or marijuana or getting into a vehicle driven by someone under the effects of these substances in order to identify risk factors and protective factors. Method: multicenter study cross sectional survey with students from a University in Colombia (n = 493) completed a survey prepared during the International Program of Training in Research for Health Professionals and Related Areas to Study the Drug Phenomenon in Latin America and the Caribbean. Results: an inverse relationship was observed between each of the three levels of risk perception: detection (p<.001), punishment (p<.05) and harm (p<.001), and driving behaviors with alcohol. This same type of relationship is observed with marijuana in terms of perceived risk of being involved in an accident (p<.05). However, regarding to marijuana, there is not enough evidence of an association with the perceived risk of being arrested or punished. The results show that there is an inverse relationship between what the students' relatives and friends think and do and the perception of risk of being arrested (p<.001), punished (p<.001) or of being involved in an accident (p<.001) for driving under the influence of alcohol and marijuana at the same time. Conclusion: the results suggest that there are risk factors and protective factors that can be intervened to prevent injuries or fatal events associated with driving under the influence of alcohol or marijuana.

scholarly journals Analysis of the mental health status and risk factors of the general population in Beijing, China: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUJIN XIE ◽  
Lei Shi ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
Yang Jiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Health Status ◽  
General Population ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background This study sought to understand the mental health status of Beijing’s general population, analyze the risk factors that affect it, and provide a scientific basis for promoting the physical and mental health of the general population. Methods A cross-sectional design was used. Overall sampling was used to select 6,364 people who had undergone a physical examination from January to December 2018 and volunteered to participate in an assessment of their mental health. We used the SCL-90 to establish the current normal mental health model of the general population in Beijing. After using the PEM System to export and automatically generate Excel files, SPSS 19.00 was utilized for statistical analysis. Descriptive statistical analysis methods were used to analyze the mental health status of the respondents and the mean and standard deviation of each factor. A t-test was used to compare the mental health of the general population in Beijing with the Chinese norm in 1986. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of the mental health of the general population in Beijing. Results The average score of each factor of the SCL-90 in Beijing's general population was between 1.28 and 1.75, with no significant peaks. The scores of various factors in the general population in Beijing were relatively close, and their mental health remained stable. The analysis of the demographic variables of gender, education, age, marital status, and monthly income showed that monthly income ( β=-0.027, p<0.05) and gender ( β=-0.026,p<0.05) had significant effects on the SCL-90 score of the general population. Conclusion The mental health level of Beijing’s general population was lower than the Chinese norm in 1986. Male mental health problems were prominent and low-income people were prone to psychological problems. It is imperative to strengthen the construction of a mental health service system and standardized management among the Chinese population. Strengthening the popularization of mental health knowledge, guiding the Chinese population to cultivate a positive attitude, preventing bad attitudes, encouraging the use of scientific methods to deal with psychological behavioral problems, and early targeted measures can reduce the occurrence of serious psychological problems.

scholarly journals EQ-5D-5L Slovenian population norms

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Prevolnik Rupel ◽  
Marko Ogorevc
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Norms ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Slovenian Population ◽  
Utility Index ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Eq Vas

Abstract Background The study aims to present Slovenian EQ-5D-5L population norms for different age and gender subgroups that can be used as reference values in future studies concerning health status. The secondary aim is to compare those norms with population norms from some other countries in Europe and elsewhere. Methods The cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2019 and February 2020 via online panel. 1071 adults aged 18+ were included in the survey. The general population was sampled using quota sampling in terms of age, gender, and NUTS2 region. In the study, the EQ-5D-5L Slovenian online version was used. Descriptive statistics was used to present health status by age groups and genders for the EQ-5D-5L descriptive system, EQ VAS and the EQ-5D-5L index score. The latter was derived from Slovenian EQ-3D-3L tariff, transformed to five levels using the crosswalk methodology. Results The mean EQ VAS score in the Slovenian population was 79.9, mean utility index was 0.808. 28.2% of the population did not have problems on any dimension and 3.9% of the population had problems on all dimensions. Persons residing in Western Slovenia had, on average, 0.016 higher utility score, compared to Eastern Slovenia. Effect of gender was not significant. Age was negatively associated with both utility index and EQ VAS score. Education was positively correlated to health status. Problems on dimensions were generally increasing with age, except for anxiety/depression dimension, where youngest group (ages 18–29) reported more anxiety/depression compared to older counterparts. Self-reported anxiety/depression was more pronounced in women. Conclusions Similarly to other countries, the health generally deteriorates with age, except for the anxiety/depression dimension where the share of respondents reporting no problems was lowest in the youngest age group. The open question for the future remains, whether population norms from this online sample differ significantly from the actual EQ-5D-5L health status data of the Slovenian general population.

scholarly journals Health status and its socio-economic covariates in the older population in Poland – the assumptions and methods of the nationwide, cross-sectional PolSenior2 survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Wierucki ◽  
Hanna Kujawska-Danecka ◽  
Małgorzata Mossakowska ◽  
Tomasz Grodzicki ◽  
Piotr Błędowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Urine Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Almost All

IntroductionPopulation ageing constitutes an increasing medical, social, and economic burden worldwide. Optimal senior policy should be based on well-assessed knowledge on the prevalence and control of age-related diseases, multimorbidity, disabilities, and their social determinants. The objective of this paper is to describe the assumptions, methods, and sampling procedures of the PolSenior2 survey, which was aimed at characterising the health status of old and very-old adults in Poland.Material and methodsThe project was conducted in the period 2018–2019 as a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of people aged 60 years and over. Subjects were selected using three-stage stratified and proportional random sampling in seven equally sized (n = 850) age groups. The study protocol consisted of face-to-face interviews, specific geriatric scales and tests, and anthropometric and blood pressure measurements performed by well-trained nurses at participants homes as well as blood and urine sample laboratory tests.ResultsIn the Polsenior2 study a group of 5987 subjects underwent the questionnaire parts of the survey, and almost all (n = 5823) agreed to blood or urine sample collection.ConclusionsIn recent decades several studies focused on various aspects of elderly health and life conditions had been carried out in Poland and Central and Eastern Europe. However, none of them is so complex and has covered so many issues as PolSenior2, which is the largest study devoted to the health status of older persons in Poland and one of the largest and the most comprehensive in Europe. The results of the study will help to improve health policy targeted at the elderly population in Poland.

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