scholarly journals Fortification of Ogi with Whey Increases Essential Amino Acids Content of Fortified Product

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
J. O. Omole ◽  
O. M. Ighodaro ◽  
O. Durosinolorun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Usual Procedure ◽  
Normal Maize ◽  
Typical Food

The inability of humans to synthesize essential amino acids (EAA) necessitates the need to increase the levels of these nutrient molecules in certain foods in which they are deficient. Maize ogi is a typical food product for both infants and adults in Africa, but with poor EAA content. This study therefore sought to assess the possibility of increasing the EAA content in maize ogi by processing it with cheese whey instead of water. Maize ogi and whey-fortified ogi were prepared by the usual procedure of grain soaking, milling, and drying. Samples from both treatments were subjected to proximate composition and amino acid profile analyses using Waters 616/626 LC (HPLC) instrument. L-lysine, L-trytophan, and L-methionine contents in maize ogi remarkably increased from 0.52, 0.15, and 0.90 mg/100 gm sample, respectively, to 0.90, 240, and 1.320 mg/100 gm sample in whey-fortified ogi. There were also significant increases in other EAA contents of whey-fortified ogi relative to its counterpart (normal maize ogi). The sum increase in EAA contents (9,405 mg) correlates with the increase in protein (1 gm) per gram sample. This study demonstrates that cheese whey increases EAA content in maize ogi and suggests that whey-fortified maize ogi may be a preferred alternative to water processed maize ogi.

scholarly journals Proximate composition, mineral content and amino acid profile of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke baill leaf

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Efosa Ewere ◽  
Oboso Etim ◽  
Usunomena Usunobun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Antinutritional Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Irvingia Gabonensis ◽  
Mineral Analyses

Several plants are utilized for medicinal and nutritional purposes. Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill leaf is used in herbal medicine for treatment of a number of ailments. This study was therefore carried out to investigate the proximate composition, antinutritional factors, mineral composition and amino acid profile of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill leaf. The proximate and antinutritional factors analyses were done using standard procedures. The mineral analyses were done using flame photometry, titrimetic method, molybdo vanadate method and atomic absorption spectrophotometry and the amino acid profile was done with the aid of Applied Biosystems PTH amino acid analyzer. Results of proximate analyses were carbohydrates (75.15±1.29 %), protein (11.43±1.07 %), fat (1.99±0.74 %), fibre (4.89±0.61 %), ash (6.71±0.28 %), moisture (5.12±0.03 %) and caloric value (364.30±5.95 Kcal). Antinutrients (phytate, oxalate and cyanide) levels in the leaf were also very low. Results from mineral analyses obtained revealed that the leaf is also a very rich source of calcium, potassium, sodium, magnesium and so on. Compared with the World health organization (WHO) standards, results of the amino acid profile showed that the leaf is very rich in isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, threonine, valine and tyrosine which are nutritionally essential amino acids. Furthermore, extraction of the leaf using ethanol reduced the levels of these amino acids but not below the recommended WHO standard levels for most of the essential amino acids. Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill leaf is therefore a potential source of key nutrients.

scholarly journals The Proximate Composition, Amino Acid Profile and Chemical Indices in Five Freshwater Fishes from Tiga Dam Reservoir, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Audu Michael Elaigwu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dam Reservoir

Abstract The study assesses the proximate composition, amino acid profile and its content and chemical indices of the sun-dried Schilbe mystus, Bagrus bayad, Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias anguillaris and Petrocephalus bane bane from Tiga Dam Reservoir, Nigeria. The proximate composition varied significantly (p<0.05) in all five species of fish and these ranged as follows: Moisture (4.79 - 9.52 g/100 g), Crude Protein (42.20 - 57.71 g/100 g), Ash Content (0.90 - 12.51 g/100 g), Ether Extract (3.41 - 9.93 g/100 g), Crude Fibre (0.62 - 5.08 g/100 g), Nitrogen Free Extract (12.28 - 42.70 g/100 g) and Dry Matter (90.48 - 95.21 g/100 g). The amino acid also differed significantly (p<0.05). The nine essential amino acids found in the five species of fish were Lysine (4.21 - 6.34 g/100 g), Histidine (1.96 - 4.30 g/100 g), Arginine (5.80 - 8.21 g/100 g), Threonine (1.93 - 5.05 g/100 g), Valine (2.91 - 5.53 g/100 g), Methionine (1.74 - 3.80 g/100 g), Isoleucine (2.04 - 3.37 g/100 g), Leucine (3.64 - 7.18 g/100 g) and Phynylalanine (1.90 - 4.23 g/100 g). Whereas, the eight non-essential amino acids included: Serine (2.12 - 5.22 g/100 g), Glutamic acid (13.24 - 16.30 g/100 g), Proline (3.12 - 6.29 g/100 g), Glycine (4.20 - 9.08 g/100 g), Alanine (5.00 - 6.36 g/100 g), Cysteine (0.94 - 1.24 g/100 g), Tyrosine (2.33 - 3.33 g/100 g) and Aspartic acid (6.34 - 11.01 g/100 g). P. bane bane was first in terms of crude protein; S. mystus had the highest lipid and essential amino acid content. Also, C. anguillaris recorded the highest calorific value and best amino acid content. Thus, P. bane bane can serve as a source of animal protein to balance deficiencies in humans. Both S. mystus and C. anguillaris can be used as a nutrient base for high energy food and oil in the food industry.

scholarly journals AMINO ACID PROFILE AND BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF SEAHORSE Hippocampus comes

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-617
Author(s):  
Evi Maya Sari ◽  
Mala Nurilmala ◽  
Asadatun Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis

Seahorse is one of the marine living  resources usually used as ornamental fish, traditional medicinal materials, and souvenirs. The purpose of the study was to determine the proximate composition of wet and dry seahorses, determine the profile of amino acid hydrolyzate and powder of seahorses, and determines to content of bioactive compounds from the ethanol extract of seahorses on qualitatively. The sample of this study is seahorses obtained from nature. Prviously, seahorses were morphometric identified, subsequently, seahorses were made of the powder, hydrolyzate, and ethanol extract. Several analyzes used were qualitative analysis of proximate, amino acid, and phytochemical analysis. Morphometric identification results indicate that the type is Hippocampus comes. The proximate composition is water content is 66.16 ± 0.33% (wet) and 10.33 ± 0.16% (dry), ash content of 9.55 ± 0.15% (wet) and 9.65 ± 0.16% (dry), lipid content 1.18 ± 0.23% (wet) and 4.89 ± 0.37% (dry), protein content of 22.73 ± 0.17% (wet) and 69.83 ± 0.31% (dry), carbohydrate 0.39 ± 0.23 (wet) and 5.50 ± 0.34 (dry). The amino acid composition both on hydrolyzate and powder comprising 9 essential amino acids are lysine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalaline, valine, methionine, histidine, arginine, and threonine and 6 non essential amino acids are tyrosine, alanine, glycine, serine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid. The results of identification of bioactive compounds is flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, and phenol of hydroquinone. Keywords: Hippocampus comes, proximate analysis, amino acid, and bioactive compounds

scholarly journals Proximate Composition, Amino Acid Profile, and Mineral Content of Four Sheep Meats Reared Extensively in Morocco: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kamal Belhaj ◽  
Farid Mansouri ◽  
Abdessamad Ben moumen ◽  
Marianne Sindic ◽  
Marie-Laure Fauconnier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Mineral Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Longissimus Lumborum ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium

This study aimed to compare the organoleptic and nutritional quality of four sheep meats produced in Morocco. This comparison was carried out by analyzing the proximate composition, amino acid profile, and mineral content of meat. The majority of the evaluated parameters were influenced by genetic and geographical factors ( p < 0.05 ). The longissimus lumborum muscle had higher a ∗ value in Timahdite and Ouled-Djellal breeds. The highest values of macroelement were recorded in samples of Beni-Guil meat sampled in the Tendrera region (BGT; 1067.3 mg/100 g), while the highest microelement content was registered in Timahdite meat (5.7 mg/100 g). Iron and zinc were the major identified trace elements, while phosphorus and potassium were the most abundant macroelements. The abundant amino acid was glutamic, while cysteine and methionine were least abundant. The higher essential amino acids index (IEAA) was recorded in the Timahdite sheep meat (162.20, 158.71, 161.02, and 159.65, respectively, for Timahdite, BGT, Ouled-Djellal breeds, and Beni-Guil meat sampled in Ain Beni Mathar region). From a nutritional point of view, the studied meats had a good protein and mineral quality, due to their richness in essential amino acids and microelements. The present study provided new insights on the organoleptic quality and the nutritional value of three Moroccan sheep meats reared in outdoor production system.

scholarly journals Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelrahim Alqudah ◽  
Mohammed Wedyan ◽  
Esam Qnais ◽  
Hassan Jawarneh ◽  
Lana McClements
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Healthy Controls

The perturbation in plasma free amino acid metabolome has been observed previously in diabetes mellitus, and is associated with insulin resistance as well as the onset of cardiovascular disease in this population. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, changes in the amino acid profile in a group of people with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) with normal BMI, from Jordan, who were only managed on metformin. Twenty one amino acids were evaluated in plasma samples from 124 people with T2D and 67 healthy controls, matched for age, gender and BMI, using amino acids analyser. Total amino acids, essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids and semi-essential amino acids were similar in T2D compared to healthy controls. Plasma concentrations of four essential amino acids were increased in the presence of T2D (Leucine, p &lt; 0.01, Lysine, p &lt; 0.001, Phenylalanine, p &lt; 0.01, Tryptophan, p &lt; 0.05). On the other hand, in relation to non-essential amino acids, Alanine and Serine were reduced in T2D (p &lt; 0.01, p &lt; 0.001, respectively), whereas Aspartate and Glutamate were increased in T2D compared to healthy controls (p &lt; 0.001, p &lt; 0.01, respectively). A semi-essential amino acid, Cystine, was also increased in T2D compared to healthy controls (p &lt; 0.01). Citrulline, a metabolic indicator amino acid, demonstrated lower plasma concentration in T2D compared to healthy controls (p &lt; 0.01). These amino acids were also correlated with fasting blood glucose and HbA1c (p &lt; 0.05). Glutamate, glycine and arginine were correlated with the duration of metformin treatment (p &lt; 0.05). No amino acid was correlated with lipid profiles. Disturbances in the metabolism of these amino acids are closely implicated in the pathogenesis of T2D and associated cardiovascular disease. Therefore, these perturbed amino acids could be explored as therapeutic targets to improve T2D management and prevent associated cardiovascular complications.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Protein Level and Amino Acid Profile in Eels (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor) of Lake Poso -

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Jamaluddin ◽  
Nur Atina ◽  
Yonelian Yuyun
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Anguilla Marmorata ◽  
Two Samples

In this study used a sample of eel fish species Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor from Poso lake that has a high protein content and is a fish endemic to Central Sulawesi. These eels are consumed by the surrounding community of the lake, but the nutritional content remains unknown. The present research was aimed to determine the protein level and amino acid profile of Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor eels. The protein level testing used Kjeldahl method, and amino acid profile used High Performance Liquid Chromatography. The results demonstrate the protein level of the two samples Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard eels have a protein content of 41.84% and Anguilla bicoloreels at 33.75%. Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor eels contain 18 types of amino acid, comprised of 9 types of essential amino acids and 9 types of non-essential amino acids. Of the two samples of eel species Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard and Anguilla bicolor, have complete protein quality because it has all kinds of essential amino acids.

scholarly journals Proximate Composition and Amino Acid Profile of the Edible Muscle of European Crayfish Astacus astacus L. Inhabiting the Orchomenos Region in Central Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Papachristou E ◽  
◽  
Tyrpenou AE ◽  
Kastritsi-Katharios I ◽  
Kotzamanis Y ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Astacus Astacus ◽  
Crude Lipid ◽  
Central Greece

The aim of this study was to determine the proximate composition and amino acid profile of the edible muscle of European crayfish Astacus astacus L. Animals were collected from Orchomenos region in Central Greece and muscle tissue samples were collected for chemical analysis. Total crude protein and crude lipid content of muscle tissues were determined using the Kjeldahl method and Folch’s procedure, respectively. Amino acids profile was performed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatographic (UPLC) determination of the acid hydrolysed muscle extract after derivatization with AccQ-Tag reagent (Waters, USA). The results showed that protein and lipid content of crayfish muscle tissue were 16.55 ± 0.4 g 100 g-1 and 0.52 ± 0.20 g 100 g-1, respectively. Also, the moisture and ash content were 80.93 ± 0.36 g 100 g-1 and 1.25 ± 0.14 g 100 g-1, respectively. Amino acids analysis of muscle tissue revealed that the highest values were those of glutamic acid (2.98 g 100 g-1) and arginine (2.19 g 100g-1) as well as those for aspartic acid (1.88 g 100 g-1), lysine (1.47 g 100 g-1) and leucine (1.33 g 100 g-1). The lowest values were found for histidine (0.35 ± 0.03 g 100 g-1) and methionine (0.47 ± 0.01 g 100 g-1). The results of this study showed that the crayfish of Orchomenos region can be considered as an important source of essential nutrients in the human diet due to its protein and essential amino acids content, which are relatively comparable to those of farmed sea bream (Sparus aurata L.), as well as to farmed and wild sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). However, the lipid content of Orchomenos crayfish was found to be insignificant and negligible. Overall, the protein quality of European crayfish can be considered as a main factor in selecting this species as a candidate species for European aquaculture diversification.

scholarly journals Chemical composition of wonderful kola (Bucchlozia coriacea) and breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) seeds grown in south–south, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
MO Aremu ◽  
DB Passali ◽  
H Ibrahim ◽  
RO Akinyeye
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Artocarpus Altilis ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid

The proximate and amino acid compositions of Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea were investigated using standard analytical techniques. The respective proximate composition (%) for the Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea samples were: Moisture (5.91 and 5.67); ash (4.39 and 5.13); crude fat (4.42 and 2.76); crude protein (12.27 and 14.78); crude fibre (7.10 and 6.27); carbohydrate (65.91 and 65.39). The calculated fatty acids and metabolizable energy for the Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea samples were 3.54 and 2.21 %; 1492.60 and 1465.01 kJ/100 g, respectively. The most abundant minerals in Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia were potassium (658.42 and 369.64 mg/100 g) and phosphorus (382.55 and 261.38 mg/100 g), respectively. The amino acid profile revealed that Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea samples contained nutritionally useful quantities of most of the essential amino acids. The total essential amino acids (TEAA) (with His) were 31.14 and 34.40 g/100 g crude protein for the Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea samples, respectively. The first limiting amino acid was Met + Cys (TSAA) for all the samples and calculated isoeletric points (ρl) were 3.52 and 4.05 for Artocarpus altilis and Bucchholzia coriacea, respectively.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(2), 125-132, 2018

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of the amino acids content of some legumes species in Southern Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-546
Author(s):  
O. V. Hrechana ◽  
A. H. Serbin ◽  
A. M. Rudnik ◽  
I. M. Shevchenko ◽  
O. O. Salii
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Polar Amino Acid ◽  
Melilotus Officinalis ◽  
Melilotus Albus ◽  
Vicia Cracca

The data on the composition and amount of amino acids have been analyzed in the raw materials of five legume species. All of them grow in Southern Ukrainian flora (Securigera varia (L.) Lassen, Vicia cracca L., Lupinus luteus L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., Melilotus albus Medic.) and may be used as a source of amino acids, especially essential, whose resource has to be replenished from the outside. Aim. We have studied and compared the amino acid profile of some species of the Ukrainian South Legumes, and used the multidimensional statistical cluster analysis to construction of histograms based on the amino acids content and composition of such plants as: Securigera varia (L.) Lassen, Vicia cracca L., Lupinus luteus L., Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall., Melilotus albus Medic. Materials and methods. The raw materials were harvested at the South of Ukraine and were investigated by gas-liquid chromatography. The amino acid analyzer has been used after hydrochloric acid hydrolysis at elevated temperature. Results. 19 amino acids have been identified, of which nine are essential or partially interchangeable. The non-polar amino acid proline is in the lead in terms of quantity among the essential amino acids. Its amount was 6932 mg/100 g and the ability to accumulate it was noted in Melilotus officinalis (2276 mg/100 g). The smallest proline amount was found in Lupinus luteus (388 mg/100 g). The sulfur-containing non-polar amino acid methionine is in the smallest amount in the selected plants (506 mg/100 g). Our attention was drawn to the absence of the polar amino acid glutamine among the non-essential amino acids in some plants. Securigera varia, Vicia cracca, and Melilotus officinalis did not contain glutamine. In this subgroup, the polar aspartic acid was found in the highest amount (6824 mg/100 g) with the highest content in Vicia cracca and the lowest – in Melilotus albus (2660 mg/100 g and 385 mg/100 g, respectively). Conclusions. The analysis of the presence and number of amino acids was the basis for our multidimensional statistical cluster analysis and histograms of the presentation of the amino acid profile of the studied plant members of the family Fabaceae L. In constructing the dendrogram, three clusters were identified, and representatives of one genus (Melilotus L.) were attributed to different clusters which is significant for further chemosystematic studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document