scholarly journals Blood Pressure and Its Association with Gender, Body Mass Index, Smoking, and Family History among University Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein H. Alhawari ◽  
Sameeha Al-Shelleh ◽  
Hussam H. Alhawari ◽  
Aseel Al-Saudi ◽  
Dina Aljbour Al-Majali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
University Students ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Hypertension is one of the major risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we will assess the frequency of hypertension among healthy university students and its association with gender, body mass index, smoking, and family history of both hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. We screened healthy university students ranging from 18 to 26 years of age. For each participant, we performed blood pressure measurements using a previously validated device and obtained demographic data, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and family history of both hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Out of the total number of 505 participants included in this study, 35.2% have blood pressure between 130/80 and 139/89, and 13.5% have blood pressure of more than 140/90. We found significant gender differences in both systolic pressure (p = 0.003) with mean difference = 18.08 mmHg (CI: 16.13 to 19.9) and diastolic pressure (p = 0.011) with mean difference = 3.6 mmHg (CI: 2.06 to 5.14), higher in males than in females. Upon comparing the mean difference in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure with BMI, we found significant differences in both systolic (p < 0.001) and diastolic (p = 0.002) blood pressure. We also found that smokers have significantly (p = 0.025) higher systolic blood pressure (mean difference = 4.2 mmHg, CI: 3.2 mmHg to 8.8 mmHg), but no significant difference for diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.386), compared to nonsmokers. First-degree family history of both hypertension and cardiovascular diseases affected systolic but not diastolic blood pressure. Taking into account the adverse short- and long-term effect of hypertension, we recommend adopting an awareness program highlighting the importance of screening blood pressure in young adolescent populations, keeping in mind that both high BMI and smoking are important modifiable factors.

scholarly journals Evaluation of blood pressure in school children aged 12-16 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1218
Author(s):  
Balakrishnan Nadesan ◽  
Mani Madhavan Sachithananthamoorthi ◽  
Sivaraman Thirumalaikumarasamy ◽  
Ezhilarasu Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
School Children ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

Background: Hypertension is considered as a major health issue in developed as well as developing countries and its possible origin during childhood prompts pediatricians to routinely include measurement of blood pressure (BP) as an integral part of pediatric physical examination. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the normal range of blood pressure in adolescent school going students of 12-16 years, prevalence of hypertension and relationship of BP with variables like age, body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status and family history of hypertension.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken for a period of one year in adolescent school children in age groups between 12-16 years. Detailed clinical examination was done in 1060 adolescent school children and BP was recorded in right upper limb and correlation of BP with BMI, family history of hypertension and diabetes were studied.Results: Mean systolic and diastolic pressure showed linear relationship with age. There was a highly statistically significant difference between mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure between lower and middle socio-economic class. Prevalence of obesity in our study was 1.13%, overweight was 7.83%. Prevalence of hypertension in obese children was 33.33% and in overweight children 18.07%. Family history of hypertension and diabetes carry a significant correlation with elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure in adolescents.Conclusions: This study revealed that socio economic factors play a significant role in determining the blood pressure of the individual. Children of middle class have significantly elevated mean systolic pressure and mean diastolic pressure than low socio-economic groups. 

scholarly journals Associated Factors and Standard Percentiles of Blood Pressure among the Adolescents of Jahrom City of Iran, 2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaser Sarikhani ◽  
Seyed Taghi Heydari ◽  
Fatemeh Emamghorashi ◽  
Fatemeh Jafari ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Variation Range

Background. High blood pressure in adults is directly correlated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension in childhood and adolescence could be considered among the major causes of this problem in adults. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with hypertension among the adolescents of Jahrom city in Iran and also standard percentiles of blood pressure were estimated for this group.Methods. In this community-based cross-sectional study 983 high school students from different areas of the city were included using a multistage random cluster sampling method in 2014. Blood pressure, weight, and height of each student measured using standard methods. Data were analyzed by statistical software SPSS 16.Results. In total, 498 male and 454 female students were included in this study. Average systolic blood pressure of students was 110.27 mmHg with a variation range of 80.6–151.3. Average diastolic blood pressure was 71.76 mmHg with the variation range of 49.3–105. Results of this study indicated that there was a significant relationship between gender, body mass index, and parental education level with systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the students (P<0.05).Conclusions. Body mass index was one of the most important changeable factors associated with blood pressure in adolescents. Paying attention to this factor in adolescence could be effective in prevention of cardiovascular diseases in adulthood.

scholarly journals Correlation between Body Mass Index and Fasting Blood Glucose Level in a Selected Group of Teenagers in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Md Hanif Howlader ◽  
AKM Mazharul Islam ◽  
Md Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Umme Sadia Mili ◽  
Rommana Sayla Nur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Family History ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Female Students ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension

The trend of increasing overweight and obesity is not related to genetic factors only; rather majority of this burden is attributable to the environmental factors. The aim of the study was to observe the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) level in a selected group of teenagers of Bangladesh. A cross sectional study was conducted involving 39 male and 41 female MBBS students of Faridpur Medical College during 06-04-2014 to 22-05- 2014 by purposive sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire & check list. Out of 80 students 48.8% male, 51.2% female, 12.5% underweight, 67.5% normal, 16.2% overweight & 3.8% was obese. Mean age of the students was 18.99, BMI 21.99, SBP 121.12, DBP 79.19 and FBG 4.53. Most of students were normotensive (SBP 88.8%; DBP 96.2%) & a few students (SBP 8.8% & DBP 3.8%) were hypertensive. Majority of students (66.2%) were normoglycemic and rest of the students were hypoglycemic. Correlation between BMI and FBG (P=0.65) was not significant but correlation between BMI and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p<0.0001); BMI & diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p<0.05) was significant. Comparison of SBP between male and female students showed (p<0.001) was significant. BP and family history of hypertension showed (x2=5.85), p=0.05 level of significance. BMI and FBG showed no significant correlation. BMI and BP showed positive correlation. Male has higher BP than female. Students with family history of hypertension are prone to develop hypertension.Medicine Today 2018 Vol.30(2): 74-77

scholarly journals The influence of family history of cardiovascular disease on blood pressure, waist hip ratio and body mass index in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 733
Author(s):  
Utkarsh Bansal ◽  
Aakash Raja ◽  
Prashant Agarwal ◽  
Ekansh Rathoria ◽  
Abhishek Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family History ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
History Of

Background: Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of mortality in the world. Reducing the incidence of CVDs has been a challenge due to the multifactorial risk profile of their origin. Among the non-modifiable risk factor for CVDs family history holds a lot of importance. Objective of the study was to study blood pressure, waist hip ratio and body mass index among adolescents and verify the possible the relation with a family history of cardiovascular disease.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, which was conducted in 286 school children aged 10 to 19 years, of either sex, from Barabanki. After getting consent from school authorities, children and their parents, a detailed history was taken with a pre-designed proforma. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were taken.Results: In the presence of any risk factor of CVDs, 33.9% of the adolescents were overweight/obese, 45.8% had abdominal obesity, 26.3% had elevated systolic BP and 35.6% had elevated diastolic BP. The group with family history of CVDs had significantly higher number of adolescents with obesity and/or hypertension.Conclusions: The present studied showed an important association between family history of CVDs and blood pressure, waist hip ratio and body mass index in adolescents.

scholarly journals Blood Pressure and its Association with Body Mass Index Among the People Attending in a Hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (208) ◽  
pp. 451-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Kumar Lamsal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Overweight People ◽  
Diastolic Hypertension ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Systolic and diastolic hypertension has been increasing trend and different factors are associated such as body mass index, diabetes etc. Obesity and overweight are generally associated with high blood pressure. This study aims to identify the prevalence of blood pressure level and its association to body mass index among people attending in civil service hospital, Kathmandu. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among all 1002 study subjects aged above 20 years.Information were obtained from people coming for Master health check-up during study period. Blood pressure and weight weretaken by WHO certified tool. Results: Half of the respondents were overweight and obese. Prevalence of systolic and diastolic hypertension was found to be 171 (17.1%) and 310 (30.9%) respectively. There is significant difference between body mass index to sex. Females are 1.5 times more likely to have high blood pressurewho have high body mass index. Age group (40-59) years are more than two times likely to have overweight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure than other age group. Systolic blood pressure is more than six times more likely to be high in 60+ age group. But it is only 2.6 times in diastolic blood pressure and in body mass index, it is reduced to 1.4 times but it was still statistically significant. Overweight people are 1.4 and 1.6 times more likely to have high systolic and diastolic BP than another category. Conclusions: Half of the respondents were overweight and obese. Male had high overweight and obesity than female. Overweight people more likely to have high systolic and diastolic BP than others. Keywords: Body mass index; blood pressure; civil service hospital; Nepal.

scholarly journals Uric Acid Levels in Normotensive Children of Hypertensive Parents

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ali Yildirim ◽  
Fatma Keles ◽  
Pelin Kosger ◽  
Gokmen Ozdemir ◽  
Birsen Ucar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Pronounced Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Lipid Parameters

This study evaluated uric acid concentrations in normotensive children of parents with hypertension. Eighty normotensive children from families with and without a history of essential hypertension were included. Concentrations of lipid parameters and uric acid were compared. Demographic and anthropometric characteristics were similar in the groups. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher in the normotensive children of parents with hypertension without statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Uric acid concentrations were higher in the normotensive children of parents with hypertension (4.61 versus 3.57 mg/dL,P<0.01). Total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were similar in the two groups. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in control children aged >10 years (P<0.01). Uric acid levels were significantly higher in all children with more pronounced difference after age 10 of years (P<0.001). Positive correlations were found between the level of serum uric acid and age, body weight, body mass index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the normotensive children of parents. The higher uric acid levels in the normotensive children of hypertensive parents suggest that uric acid may be a predeterminant of hypertension. Monitoring of uric acid levels in these children may allow for prevention or earlier treatment of future hypertension.

The Effect of Body Mass Index on Health-Related Parameters in University Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 3271-3275
Author(s):  
Zuhaili Suhaimi Muhammad ◽  
Rabiu Muazu Musa ◽  
Zulhusni Suhaimi Muhammad ◽  
Razali Abdullah Mohamad ◽  
Ahmad Bisyri Husin Musawi Maliki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
University Students ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Muscle Endurance ◽  
Health Related

Body mass index (BMI) is a significant marker in assessing the health risk factors of an individual. Although, the discovery of BMI is over 200 years, however, its application as a measure of health is fairly new. Hitherto, the prevalence of higher BMI amongst university students is on the rise. Consequently, the present study endeavor to investigate the association of BMI and other health-related parameters namely; per cent body fat, visceral fat, basal metabolic rate (BMR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, core and upper muscle endurance, maximum oxygen consumption (V02max) and metabolic equivalent (MET). A total number of 232 university students were enrolled and completed the physical fitness assessments and health indicator measurement of the variables. A multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was used to observe the association of the BMI as the dependent variable with the physical fitness as well as health parameters as independent variables. A significant regression model was obtained F (3.225, 5) = 301.104, P <0.0001, R2 = 0.869 demonstrating that the model has accounted for about 87% variability of the whole dataset. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that per cent body fat, visceral fat, BMR, as well as VO2max, are the major contributors towards the model prediction P <0.001. Moreover, positive significant relationships were detected between the BMI, per cent body fat, visceral fat, BMR, systolic and diastolic blood pressure whilst negative association between the BMI and performance in upper muscle endurance and VO2max were noted. BMI index could be a potential marker of assessing university students’ health-related risks that would consequently reveal vital information about their overall health status.

scholarly journals Correlation of body mass index and orthostatic hypotension in patients with hypertension on ACE inhibitor monotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
Danijela Tasić ◽  
Zorana Kovačević ◽  
Miroslav Mitrović ◽  
Zlatko Maksimović ◽  
Dragana Lončar-Stojiljković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Single Drug ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension

Background/Aim: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is considered to be a drop in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure (> 20 mmHg; > 10 mmHg) 3 minutes from postural changes. The objective of this study was to analyse the correlation of body mass index (BMI) and OH during the treatment with trandolapril, as a single-drug treatment of hypertension. Methods: The study involved 255 patients (average age 54.3 ± 11.7; 54.1 % men) with poorly regulated hypertension, who were given trandolapril as a single-drug treatment. The patients were divided into two groups regarding stage of hypertension: first-degree arterial hypertension (140-149 mmHg for systolic and 90-109 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure) and second-degree arterial hypertension (> 150 for systolic and > 110 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure). Incidence of OH occurrence was then analysed regarding hypertension stage and BMI during 6 months of follow-up, on 4 control examinations. Results: During 24-week period after trandolapril introduction into the treatment of hypertension, a statistically significant difference in systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure values was observed. No statistically significant difference was observed in incidence of OH between the first and second as well as between third and fourth examination during the study. Regarding the incidence of OH in normal body weight and obese patients, there was also no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: As shown in this study, trandolapril, along with some other ACE inhibitors, has shown good balance in hypertension control and OH occurrence.

Abstract P355: Predicting the 20-year Risk of First Coronary or Ischemic Stroke Event in Northern Italy: The CAMUNI Absolute Risk Equation

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Veronesi ◽  
Lloyd E Chambless ◽  
Francesco Gianfagna ◽  
Giuseppe Mancia ◽  
Giancarlo Cesana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
History Of

Aims. Recent US guidelines advocate the introduction of lifetime or long-term absolute risk prediction for primary prevention of cardiovascular events, especially for young people and women. Therefore, long-term prediction models might be specially beneficial in population considered at low incidence. We aim to develop a 20-year absolute risk prediction equation in a Northern Italy population. Methods. Four independent population-based cohorts were enrolled between 1986 and 1994 from the Brianza population (Northern Italy), adopting standardized MONICA procedures. The study sample comprises n=2574 men and 2673 women, aged 35 to 69 years and free of CVD at baseline. Participants were followed-up for incidence of first coronary and ischemic stroke events (fatal and non-fatal; all MONICA validated) for a median time of 15 years (IQ range: 12-20) and up to the end of 2008. We compared several gender-specific Cox Proportional Hazards models: the basic one includes age, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive treatment, cigarette smoking and diabetes. Candidates to model addition were diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, BMI, family history of CHD, and education. Model calibration was tested using the Grønnesby-Bogan goodness-of-fit statistic. The Area Under the ROC-Curve (AUC) was a measure of discrimination, corrected for over-optimism via bootstrapping. Changes in discrimination (Δ-AUC) and reclassification (Net Reclassification Improvement, NRI) defined the improvement from the basic model due to an additional risk factor. Intermediate risk was defined as 20-year risk between 10% and 40%. Results. We observed n=286 events in men (incidence rate 7.7 per 1000 person-years) and n=108 in women (2.6 per 1000 person-years). All risk factors included in the basic model were predictive of first cardiovascular event in both genders; discrimination was 0.725 and 0.802 in men and women, respectively. Average specificity in the top risk quintile (cut-off value: 23% in men and 8.5% in women) was similar in men and women (85% vs. 83%), while sensitivity was higher in women (63% vs. 46%). All the models were well-calibrated (p-values >0.05). The addition of a positive family history of CHD in men (Hazard Ratio: 1.6; 95%CI 1.2-2.1) and of diastolic blood pressure in women (HR: 1.4 for 11 mmHg increase; 1.1-1.8) significantly improved discrimination (Δ-AUC=0.01; 95%CI 0.002-0.02 [men] and Δ-AUC=0.005; 95%CI 0.0001-0.01 [women]) and reclassification of subjects at intermediate risk (NRI=8.4%;1.7%-19.1% [men]; and NRI=11.7%; -3.2%-33.5% [women]). Conclusions. Traditional risk factors are predictive of cardiovascular events after 20 years, with good discrimination. The addition of family history of CHD may contribute to model improvement, at least among men; the role of diastolic blood pressure in women should be carefully evaluated.

scholarly journals A pilot study investigating the relationship between heart rate variability and blood pressure in young adults at risk for cardiovascular disease

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda P. Bolin ◽  
Amelia D. Saul ◽  
Lauren L. Bethune Scroggs ◽  
Carolyn Horne
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Biofeedback Training ◽  
Paced Breathing ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death globally with hypertension being a primary cause of premature death from this disease process. Individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease and hypertension are at a greater risk for developing the same sequela. Autonomic cardiac control is important in the level of cardiac function. One intervention that is effective in improving cardiovascular function is heart rate variability biofeedback training. The purpose of our study was to determine the effectiveness of heart rate biofeedback training on HRV and blood pressure in individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease. Methods Thirty-four participants (76.5% female, 22.7 ± 4.3 years) completed a baseline assessment and training using an established short-term HRV protocol followed by two weeks of at-home paced breathing employing a smartphone application. The participants were then reassessed in a biofeedback clinic. Results The participants physiological measures showed a significant increase in means between pre and post intervention of SDNN (t (32) = 2.177, p =.037) and TP, (t (32) = 2.327 p = .026). Correlation noted a medium effect on diastolic blood pressure and high frequency heart rate variability, F, r = .41, n =33, p < .05. A multiple regression with all predictor variables in the model found no significance with diastolic and systolic blood pressure. Conclusions The findings from this pilot study demonstrated that a two-week paced breathing intervention may assist in reducing heart rate and diastolic blood pressure while improving heart rate variability.

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