Translation and Validation of the Sinhalese Version of the Brief Medication Questionnaire in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Background. Adherence to long-term therapy for diabetes remains low. Accurately measuring adherence is the primary step in improving adherence. We translated and validated the Sinhalese version of the Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) in patients with diabetes. Methods. The study was conducted at the National Hospital of Sri Lanka between April and December 2017, including 165 patients with diabetes. BMQ was translated into Sinhalese using the translation-back translation method. The translated questionnaire validation included evaluation of internal consistency, temporal stability, and performance in regard to a gold standard (HbA1c). Results. Mean age (±SD) was 60.6 ± 11.1 years, and 46.1% were males. Mean duration of diabetes in the participants was 13.4 ± 7.8 years. Mean HbA1c was 8.3 ± 1.7%, with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥ 8.5%) identified in 41.8%. Medication adherence measured by the BMQ regimen, belief, and recall screens were 39.4%, 75.8%, and 18.8%, respectively. In the analysis of temporal stability, the overall BMQ and the regimen, belief, and recall screens demonstrated good concordance between test and retest with significant gamma correlation coefficients of r=0.85 (p<0.001), r=0.81 (p<0.001), r=0.84 (p<0.001), and r=0.91 (p<0.001), respectively. The overall BMQ had a Cronbach α coefficient of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.61–0.70). The questionnaire performance with regards to the gold standards for the overall BMQ AUC was 0.73 (95% CI 0.65–0.80), while the BMQ regimen screen AUC was 0.61 (95% CI 0.53–0.70). The overall BMQ score with a cutoff value of 2 presented better equilibrium between sensitivity and specificity for the gold standard. Those with low adherence had a significantly higher percentage of poor glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥ 8.5%). Conclusion. The translated questionnaire demonstrated good reliability (internal consistency), temporal stability (test-retest reliability), and validity when assessed using a gold standard for disease control. Using culturally validated tools to evaluate adherence may help clinicians to identify low adherence and institute corrective measures.

Download Full-text

Quality of life in depression scale (QLDS). Development, reliability, validity, responsiveness and application

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(97)89105-5 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 199-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

H Tuynman-Qua ◽

F de Jonghe ◽

S.P. McKenna

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Well Being ◽

The United States ◽

Good Reliability

SummaryThe joint development of the Dutch and English versions of the Quality of Life in Depression Scale (QLDS) is described. The QLDS is based on the needs model of quality of life developed by Hunt and McKenna. The scale has good reliability and internal consistency. Test-retest correlation coefficients were 0.94 and 0.87 in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, respectively. Internal consistency alpha-coefficients were 0.95 and 0.92, respectively. The validity of the scale is highly acceptable. The QLDS was shown to correlate relatively highly with established measures of well-being, and scores obtained with the measure were related to severity of depression as assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. The QLDS was shown to be responsive to change in an open study with fluoxetine in 540 patients with major depression. The scale has wide applicability and has been shown to be user-friendly, both for respondents and administrators. It has been, or is in the process of being, tested for reliability and validity in the following additional countries: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Morocco, Spain and the United States.

Download Full-text

Personality Dark Triad: Portuguese Validation of the Dirty Dozen

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1268 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S711-S711

Author(s):

A. Macedo ◽

A.I. Araújo ◽

C. Cabaços ◽

M.J. Brito ◽

L. Mendonça ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Sample ◽

Temporal Stability ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Dark Triad ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Portuguese Version ◽

Dirty Dozen ◽

Competing Interest ◽

The Relationship

IntroductionThe Dark Triad is a term used to describe a constellation of three socially undesirable personality traits: narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. Contrary to Altruism (the desire to help others with no personal reward or gain), these traits are harmful to others. Given the increased scientific interest on the dark triad, Jonason and Webster developed a shorter questionnaire to evaluate these three independent-yet-related constructs with only 12 items – Dirty Dozen (D12).ObjectiveTo investigate the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Dirty Dozen.MethodsA community sample composed of 286 university students (69.2% females; mean age = 21.09 ± 2.133; range: 17–33) answered the Portuguese preliminary versions of the Dirty Dozen and of the Altruism dimension from HEXACO-100. To study the temporal stability, 30 participants (66.7% females) answered the D12 again after six weeks.ResultsThe EA Cronbach alpha was “very good” (a = 0.72). Following Kaiser and Cattel Scree Plot criteria, three meaningful factors were extracted which explained variance (EV) was of 54.64%: F1 Machiavellianism (EV 32.07%; a = 0.73), F2 Narcissism (13.665%; a = 0.74), F3 Psychopathy (8.90%; a = 0.64). The test-retest correlation coefficients were high, positive and significant for the total D12 and its dimensions (r > 0.70; P < 0.001). Pearson correlations of D12 total and dimensional scores and Altruism were negative, moderate and significant (r@ − 0.30).ConclusionsThe Portuguese version of Dirty Dozen has good reliability and validity. It could be very useful both in clinical and research contexts, namely in an ongoing project on the relationship between dark triad and perfectionism traits.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Download Full-text

Psychometric Analyses of the Indian (Hindi) Version of the Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ11–14)

Children ◽

10.3390/children7100175 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (10) ◽

pp. 175 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla ◽

Garima Mangal ◽

Mir Faeq Ali Quadri ◽

Maryam Nayeem ◽

Jyothi Tadakamadla

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Concurrent Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Repeated Administration ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Child Perception

The current research aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Hindi Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ11–14) in a child population of India. A randomly selected sample of children aged 11–14 years (n = 331) and their parents completed the Hindi translation of CPQ11–14 and the Parental-Caregiver Perceptions Questionnaire (P-CPQ), respectively, in this cross-sectional study. Children also provided a self-rating of oral health and were examined for dental caries. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted to assess the dimensionality of the Hindi-CPQ11–14. Internal consistency and reliability on repeated administration were evaluated. Convergent and divergent validities were determined by estimating correlation coefficients between items and the hypothesised subscales. Concurrent validity was assessed using multiple linear regression analyses. The four factors extracted in EFA had a total variance of 38.5%, comprising 31 items. Cronbach’s alpha for the internal consistency of the overall scale was 0.90; reliability on repeated administration was 0.92. All the Hindi CPQ11–14 items had an item-hypothesised subscale correlation coefficient of ≥0.4, and these were greater than item-other hypothesised subscale correlations, demonstrating good convergent and divergent validities respectively. Hindi-CPQ11–14 was associated with self-ratings of the oral health and overall P-CPQ scores demonstrating good concurrent validity. Hindi-CPQ11–14 showed a factor structure different from the English CPQ11–14 and exhibited good validity and reliability.

Download Full-text

Development and validation of Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733018791325 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (7-8) ◽

pp. 2438-2455 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Olivia Numminen ◽

Jouko Katajisto ◽

Helena Leino-Kilpi

Keyword(s):

Internal Consistency ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Principal Component ◽

Moral Courage ◽

Face Validity ◽

University Hospital ◽

Moral Competence ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample

Background: Moral courage is required at all levels of nursing. However, there is a need for development of instruments to measure nurses’ moral courage. Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop a scale to measure nurses’ self-assessed moral courage, to evaluate the scale’s psychometric properties, and to briefly describe the current level of nurses’ self-assessed moral courage and associated socio-demographic factors. Research design: In this methodological study, non-experimental, cross-sectional exploratory design was applied. The data were collected using Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale and analysed statistically. Participants and research context: The data were collected from a convenience sample of 482 nurses from four different clinical fields in a major university hospital in Finland for the final testing of the scale. The pilot comprised a convenience sample of 129 nurses. Ethical considerations: The study followed good scientific inquiry guidelines. Ethical approval was obtained from the university ethics committee and permission to conduct the study from the participating hospital. Findings: Psychometric evaluation showed that the 4-sub-scale, 21-item Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale demonstrates good reliability and validity at its current state of development showing a good level of internal consistency for a new scale, the internal consistency values ranging from 0.73 to 0.82 for sub-scales and 0.93 for the total scale, thus well exceeding the recommended Cronbach’s alpha value of >0.7. Principal component analysis and confirmatory factor analysis supported the theoretical construct of Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale. Face validity and expert panel assessments markedly contributed to the relevance of items in establishing content validity. Discussion and conclusion: Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale provides a new generic instrument intended for measuring nurses’ self-assessed moral courage. Recognizing the importance of moral courage as a part of nurses’ moral competence and its assessment offers possibilities to develop interventions and educational programs for enhancement of moral courage. Research should focus on further validation measures of Nurses’ Moral Courage Scale in international contexts.

Download Full-text

Muscle Strength and Glycaemic Control among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

University of the Future: Re-Imagining Research and Higher Education ◽

10.29117/quarfe.2020.0209 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Haya Abduhijleh ◽

Joud Alalwani ◽

Dana Alkhatib ◽

Hiba Bawadi

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Poor Glycaemic Control ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Insulin Use

Background: The prevalence of diabetes has been rising sharply since 1980, reaching 422 million cases worldwide in 2014. Physical activity and handgrip strength may be associated with good glycaemic control among patients with diabetes Objective: We tested the association between handgrip strength and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients, from National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey NHANES 2011-2014 and the contribution of the study covariates to this association. Hypothesis: Muscle strength is positively associated with glycemic control in type two diabetes. Methodology: This cross-sectional study examined the association between handgrip strength and glycaemic control among patients with diabetes. Data on 1058 participants aged 40 and older were collected from the NHANES. Muscle strength was assessed using a handgrip dynamometer, and blood samples were obtained to observe the glycaemic control values. Height, body weight, physical activity, insulin use, smoking status, alcohol use, participant demographics, and income-to-poverty ratio were all considered in the study. Results: logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between handgrip strength and poor glycaemic control among participants with diabetes. Three models were used, each model adjusted to include different variables. OR values revealed no association between handgrip strength and glycaemic control. However, model 2, which was adjusted for sedentary activity, income-topoverty ratio, education, and smoking, shows a trend towards an association. Patients in quartile 4 of handgrip had 0.59 odds of poor glycaemic control, OR = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.34–1.02). However, in model 3 this effect was diluted when further adjusted for insulin use, OR = 0.81 (95% CI: 0.47– 1.38). Further analysis was performed to examine the mean decline in handgrip strength among non-insulin and insulin users. Non-insulin users, both men and women, have higher handgrip strength as compared to insulin users. Conclusion: There was no association found between handgrip and glycaemic control among patients with diabetes.

Download Full-text

Korean Version of the Stroke Rehabilitation Motivation Scale: Reliability and Validity Evaluation

Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.5535/arm.2020.44.1.11 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 11-19

Author(s):

Mina Park ◽

Ji-Yeong Lee ◽

Yeajin Ham ◽

Sang-Wook Oh ◽

Joon-Ho Shin

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Stroke Rehabilitation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Validity Test ◽

Korean Version ◽

Motivation Scale

Objective To translate the Stroke Rehabilitation Motivation Scale (SRMS), developed to evaluate the motivation level of stroke patients during rehabilitation, into the Korean language and to verify the reliability and validity of the Korean version of SRMS (K-SRMS).Methods The K-SRMS was developed following a structured process that included translation, verification, compromise assessment, reverse translation, feedback, and final correction. K-SRMS reliability was evaluated by performing internal consistency and test–retest analyses. The reliability test was conducted in 50 stroke patients. Its validity was assessed by comparing the K-SRMS with the scale and performing exploratory factor analysis. The validity test was conducted in 102 stroke patients.Results The test–retest analysis showed good reliability, and the internal consistency of the K-SRMS was similar to that of the original version for all, except 4, items. Thus, these 4 items were excluded, and then the validity test was conducted. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that the K-SRMS score was significantly correlated with the BAS total score (Pearson r=0.207, p<0.05). In the exploratory factor analysis, K-SRMS items were categorized into 7 groups (factors), and factors 1 and 4 showed mutual concordance with K-SRMS subscales, including intrinsic motivation factors and amotivation, respectively.Conclusion The newly developed K-SRMS showed good reliability and validity. It could also be used as a tool to objectify the degree of motivation for rehabilitation among stroke patients in clinical care and research.

Download Full-text

Assessment of Physical Activity in Adults: A Review of Validated Questionnaires From a Nutritionist’s Point of View

Evaluation & the Health Professions ◽

10.1177/0163278720928500 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 235-254

Author(s):

Angela Patricia Bacelis-Rivero ◽

Anabel Vázquez-Rodríguez ◽

Claudia E. Carrasco-Legleu ◽

Lidia G. De León ◽

Sandra Alicia Reza-López

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Energy Expenditure ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Point Of View ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Intraclass Correlation Coefficients

Physical activity (PA) is a component of total energy expenditure. PA and PA energy expenditure (PAEE) can be estimated by objective techniques (OTs). However, the use of questionnaires is frequent in clinical settings and epidemiological studies. We conducted a search on PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to perform a review of studies reporting the reliability and validity of PA questionnaires validated against OTs—doubly labeled water (DLW) or accelerometers—in free-living adults. We selected original articles published between 2009 and 2019 that reported validation studies of PA questionnaires. We identified 53 studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Four PA questionnaires were validated against DLW and the remaining against accelerometers. Three questionnaires were compared with both DLW and accelerometer results. The correlation between questionnaire-estimated PAEE and DLW results ranged from r = .22 to r = .46, while that between questionnaire-estimated total PA (TPA) and accelerometer results ranged from r = .11 to r = .54 The intraclass correlation coefficients were between .56 and .84. Despite having good reliability, most of the questionnaires included in this review have shown limited validity for estimating TPA in adults. OTs should be considered as a first option, when possible. Further research is warranted on techniques to obtain more accurate PA and PAEE estimates.

Download Full-text

Transcultural reliability and validity of an Italian language version of the Constant–Murley Score

Journal of Orthopaedics Trauma and Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/2210491720945327 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 186-191

Author(s):

Matteo Carosi ◽

Giovanni Galeoto ◽

Stefano Di Gennaro ◽

Anna Berardi ◽

Donatella Valente ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Italian Population ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Language Version ◽

Shoulder Dysfunction ◽

Constant Murley Score ◽

Good Internal Consistency

Purpose: The present study was designed to carry out an Italian translation of the Constant–Murley Score (CMS-IT) and, subsequently, evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods: This study included adults diagnosed with any type of clinical shoulder dysfunction who could read and respond to the questionnaires. Those individuals who underwent surgeries of any kind on the affected shoulder during the previous 12 months and individuals with shoulder instabilities were excluded. All of the participants were evaluated by two operators, and the CMS-IT, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, and visual analog scale (VAS) were administered. The internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach’s α, whereas the intra-rater and inter-rater reliabilities were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The validity of the construction was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient between the scores of the administered scales. Results: A population of 72 individuals participated in this study. The internal consistency of the CMS-IT showed a value of 0.81. The ICC values showed that inter- and intra-rater reliability were 0.994 and 0.963, respectively. CMS-IT is inversely correlated with the VAS (−0.55) and DASH (−0.47) scales. Conclusions: This study revealed that the CMS-IT contained good internal consistency and good reliability. The results suggested that the CMS-IT questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for assessing the shoulder dysfunctions of the Italian population, and it deserves broad applications in both clinical practice and research contexts. The scale can also be used as an alternative to the current “gold standard” VAS and DASH.

Download Full-text

Glycaemic Control Impact on Renal Endpoints in Diabetic Patients on Haemodialysis

International Journal of Nephrology ◽

10.1155/2015/523521 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Danielle Creme ◽

Kieran McCafferty

Keyword(s):

Glycaemic Control ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Glycaemic Control ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Weight Gains ◽

Before And After ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

The Impact

Objective. To identify the number of haemodialysis patients with diabetes in a large NHS Trust, their current glycaemic control, and the impact on other renal specific outcomes.Design. Retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study.Methods. Data was collected from an electronic patient management system. Glycaemic control was assessed from HbA1c results that were then further adjusted for albumin (Alb) and haemoglobin (Hb). Interdialytic weight gains were analysed from weights recorded before and after dialysis, 2 weeks before and after the most recent HbA1c date. Amputations were identified from electronic records.Results. 39% of patients had poor glycaemic control (HbA1c > 8%). Adjusted HbA1c resulted in a greater number of patients with poor control (55%). Significant correlations were found with interdialytic weight gains (P<0.02,r=0.14), predialysis sodium (P<0.0001,r=-1.9), and predialysis bicarbonate (P<0.02,r=0.12). Trends were observed with albumin and C-reactive protein. Patients with diabetes had more amputations (24 versus 2).Conclusion. Large number of diabetic patients on haemdialysis have poor glycaemic control. This may lead to higher interdialytic weight gains, larger sodium and bicarbonate shifts, increased number of amputations, and possibly increased inflammation and decreased nutritional status. Comprehensive guidelines and more accurate long-term tests for glycaemic control are needed.

Download Full-text

Development and reliability of an instrument to measure psychosocial determinants of salt consumption among hypertensive patients

Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/s0104-11692009000500017 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 701-707 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Marília Estevam Cornélio ◽

Maria Cecília Bueno Jayme Gallani ◽

Gaston Godin ◽

Roberta Cunha Matheus Rodrigues ◽

Roberto Dela Rosa Mendes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Interval Analysis ◽

Content Validity ◽

Temporal Stability ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Intra Class Correlation ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Salt Consumption

This study aimed to present the content validity and reliability analyses of an instrument to study the determinant factors of salt consumption among hypertensive subjects, based on an extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Content validity was assessed by 3 experts and a pre-test was carried out with 5 subjects. The final tool, comprising 3 different behaviors related to salt consumption and corresponding psychosocial variables, was applied to 32 subjects for internal consistency and temporal stability (15-day interval) analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficients > 0.70 and significant intra-class correlation coefficients were observed for most variables, indicating the temporal stability of the measured concepts. The developed instrument exhibited evidence of both content validity and reliability.

Download Full-text