scholarly journals Isolation of Polygalacturonase-Producing Bacterial Strain from Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yemisi Dorcas Obafemi ◽  
Adesola Adetutu Ajayi ◽  
Olugbenga Samson Taiwo ◽  
Shade John Olorunsola ◽  
Patrick Omoregie Isibor
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Background. Polygalacturonase (EC 3.2.1.15) enzyme aids in microbial spoilage of fruits and vegetables. It is very important to find economical ways to producing the enzyme so as to achieve maximum yield in industries due to its use at different areas of production process. Methods. Isolation of polygalacturonase-producing bacterial strain from tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was studied. Polygalacturonase-producing bacterial strains were isolated and screened from tomatoes stored at normal laboratory temperature (25 ± 2°C). They were identified based on their morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. The enzyme produced was partially purified by the ammonium sulphate precipitation method. Molecular weights and optimum conditions for best enzyme activity were obtained by SDS PAGE technique. Results. Five bacterial isolates resulted after screening. Bacterial strain code B5 showed highest polygalacturonase activity. Optimum conditions for polygalacturonase PEC B5 were maintained at pH 4.5; temperature 35°C; substrate concentration 0.3 mg/ml, and best activity at less than 5 min of heating. The enzyme PEC B5 was found to weigh 65 kDa and 50 kDa for crude and partially purified aliquots, respectively. The result of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed bacterial strain code B5 as Enterobacter tabaci NR146667 having 79% similarity with the NCBI GenBank. Conclusion. Microorganisms should be developed for large-scale production of enzymes in developing countries.

scholarly journals Isolation and Screening of Pectinolytic Bacterial Strains using Rotten Apples from Lahore, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Amna Yaqoob ◽  
Fatima Amanat ◽  
Asif Ali ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Pectinolytic Activity ◽  
Juice Extraction ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Pectinase Production

Pectinases are pectin degrading enzymes predominantly used as biocatalysts in various industries such as wine extraction, fruit juice extraction, and making of paper pulp. Large scale production of pectinases using biological systems (bacteria, fungi, plants) is a common method used in the industry. In the current study, different bacterial isolates obtained from rotten apples were used for pectinase production and their pectinolytic activity was investigated. Five bacterial strains were isolated on the growth medium containing 0.3% KH2PO4, 0.6% Na2HPO4, 0.2% NH4Cl, 0.5% NaCl, 1% Pectin, 1.5% Agar, 1mM CaCl2, and 10mM MgSO4. The isolates of five samples A, B, C, D and E were then biochemically characterized as Serratia marcescens, Klebseilla pneumoniea, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, respectively. They were also identified at the molecular level through 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Phyto-fabrication of Iron Nanoparticles: Characterization and Antibacterial Capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma S. Algebaly ◽  
Afrah E. Mohammed ◽  
Mudawi M. Elobeid
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Iron Nanoparticles ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Plant Sources

Introduction: Fabrication of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) has recently gained a great concern for their varied applications in remediation technologies of the environment. Objective: The current study aimed to fabricate iron nanoparticles by green technology approach using different plant sources, Azadirachta indica leaf and Calligonum comosum root following two extraction methods. Methods: Currently, a mixture of FeCl2 and FeCl3 was used to react with the plant extracts which are considered as reducing and stabilizing agents for the generation of FeNPs in one step. Different techniques were used for FeNPs identification. Results: Immediately after mixing of the two reaction components, the color changed to dark brown as an indication of safe conversion of Fe ions to FeNPs, that later confirmed by zeta sizer, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FeNPs fabricated by C. comosum showed smaller size when compared by those fabricated by A. indica. Using both plant sources, FeNPs fabricated by the aqueous extract had smaller size in relation to those fabricated by ethanolic extract. Furthermore, antibacterial ability against two bacterial strains was approved. Conclusion: The current results indicated that, at room temperature plant extracts fabricated Fe ion to Fe nanoparticles, suggesting its probable usage for large scale production as well as its suitability against bacteria. It could also be recommended for antibiotic resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Infection with intracellular parasite Amoeboaphelidium protococcarum induces shifts in associated bacterial communities in microalgae cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 2863-2873
Author(s):  
Anna-Lena Höger ◽  
Carola Griehl ◽  
Matthias Noll
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Freshwater Microalgae

AbstractIn recent years microalgae products have developed increasing market demand, but sustainable industrial production is still challenged by biological stability of large-scale production plants. Yet the relationships between algal hosts, associated microbiomes, and contaminants in photobioreactors remains widely understudied. The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal development of microbiomes of four freshwater microalgae species Scenedesmus vacuolatus, Desmodesmus quadricauda, Chlorella sorokiniana, and Botryococcus braunii, in presence and absence of the zoosporic parasite Amoeboaphelidium protococcarum. To compare the effects of sterile and nonsterile culture conditions, infection experiments were performed in sterile laboratory (sterile) and simulated industrial conditions (open). Algal growth (dry weight, optical density, and nutrient consumption) was observed for 21 days, and samples of the associated microbiome were collected for bacterial 16S rRNA gene Illumina MiSeq sequencing. Infection patterns of A. protococcarum were algae species-specific, irrespectively of culture conditions. Bacterial community analysis demonstrated distinct and stable bacterial communities for each algae species, which were mostly dominated by α- and γ-Proteobacteria. Upon aphelid parasitosis, bacterial diversity increased, and community compositions diverged algae-specific over time. Moreover, bacterial functional traits shifted to detoxification, degradation, and cellulolysis once algae were infected. This study provides a first insight into the close connection between algae, associated bacterial microbiomes and appearing contaminants in photobioreactor systems.

scholarly journals Integrated Genomic and Metabolomic Approach to the Discovery of Potential Anti-Quorum Sensing Natural Products from Microbes Associated with Marine Samples from Singapore

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Ong ◽  
Hui Goh ◽  
Swee Lim ◽  
Li Pang ◽  
Joyce Chin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Reporter System

With 70% of the Earth’s surface covered in water, the marine ecosystem offers immense opportunities for drug discovery and development. Due to the decreasing rate of novel natural product discovery from terrestrial sources in recent years, many researchers are beginning to look seaward for breakthroughs in new therapeutic agents. As part of an ongoing marine drug discovery programme in Singapore, an integrated approach of combining metabolomic and genomic techniques were initiated for uncovering novel anti-quorum sensing molecules from bacteria associated with subtidal samples collected in the Singapore Strait. Based on the culture-dependent method, a total of 102 marine bacteria strains were isolated and the identities of selected strains were established based on their 16S rRNA gene sequences. About 5% of the marine bacterial organic extracts showed quorum sensing inhibitory (QSI) activity in a dose-dependent manner based on the Pseudomonas aeruginosa QS reporter system. In addition, the extracts were subjected to mass spectrometry-based molecular networking and the genome of selected strains were analysed for known as well as new biosynthetic gene clusters. This study revealed that using integrated techniques, coupled with biological assays, can provide an effective and rapid prioritization of marine bacterial strains for downstream large-scale culturing for the purpose of isolation and structural elucidation of novel bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Novel carbonatogenic bacterial strain isolated from limestone quarry in East Java, Indonesia to improve concrete performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enny Zulaika ◽  
Muhammad Andry Prio Utomo ◽  
Ajeng Selvyana Pangestu ◽  
Nur Hidayatul Alami ◽  
Maya Shovitri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Limestone Quarry ◽  
Crystal Properties

Abstract. Zulaika E, Utomo MAP, Pangestu AS, Alami NH, Shovitri M, Prasetyo EN, Setiawan E, Luqman A, Kuswytasari ND, Irawan C. 2021. Novel carbonatogenic bacterial strain isolated from limestone quarry in East Java, Indonesia to improve concrete performance. Biodiversitas 22: 3890-3898. Carbonatogenic bacteria can precipitate CaCO3 in the form of calcite, aragonite, or vaterite. Calcite has the potential to be applied for strengthening concrete structures. This research aims to explore several new bacterial strains that can precipitate calcium carbonate leading to produce calcite and could be useful for strengthening concrete structures. Soil and stalactite samples were taken from a well-known limestone quarry in East Java, Indonesia. The isolated bacteria species were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequences. CaCO3 crystal properties were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Six novels isolated CaCO3 precipitating bacterial strains; Bacillus huizhouensis JA1; B. galactosidilyticus JB3; B. niacini AK4, B. lentus SU1, Lysinibacillus macroides JB2, and Sporosarcina soli JA4 were successfully isolated and have the potential to enhance concrete strength. All isolates were able to produce CaCO3 in calcite form except B. galactosidilyticus JB3. The experimental concrete with the addition of bacterial cells showed higher compressive strength and maximum load compared to control concrete and met the requirements for building construction so that it could be applied for building structure materials.

scholarly journals Production of Polyphenol from Phyllanthus Emblica using Soxhlet Extraction Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5010-5012
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Phyllanthus Emblica ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Phyllanthus emblica contains rich vitamin C and polyphenol. In the present work, the potential anti oxidant polyphenols is produced from Phyllanthus emblica using soxhlet extraction process. For this purpose, 150 millimeter size of the phyllanthus emblica bark was collected and solvents such as ethanol, acetone and methanol is used for extracting polyphenols from the Phyllanthus emblica. The obtained extract is separated and total phenolic content is determined from the product. From the study it was observed that maximum yield of polyphenol obtained from 80 volume % of ethanol at a temperature of 70°C. The results will be useful in understanding this amla fruit, hence large scale production can be improved industrially.

Assessment of zinc solubilization potential of zinc-resistant Pseudomonas oleovorans strain ZSB13 isolated from contaminated soil

2023 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Rehman ◽  
A. Ashraf ◽  
S. Muzammil ◽  
M. H. Siddique ◽  
T. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Growth Enhancement ◽  
Pseudomonas Oleovorans ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Abstract Zinc is an essential micronutrient that is required for optimum plant growth. It is present in soil in insoluble forms. Bacterial solubilization of soil unavailable form of Zn into available form, is an emerging approach to alleviate the Zn deficiency for plants and human beings. Zinc solubilizing bacteria (ZSB) could be a substitute for chemical Zn fertilizer. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize bacterial species from the contaminated soil and evaluate their Zn solubilizing potential. Zn resistant bacteria were isolated and evaluated for their MIC against Zn. Among the 13 isolated bacterial strains ZSB13 showed maximum MIC value upto 30mM/L. The bacterial strain with the highest resistance against Zn was selected for further analysis. Molecular characterization of ZSB13 was performed by 16S rRNA gene amplification which confirmed it as Pseudomonas oleovorans. Zn solubilization was determined through plate assay and broth medium. Four insoluble salts (zinc oxide (ZnO), zinc carbonate (ZnCO3), zinc sulphite (ZnS) and zinc phosphate (Zn3(PO4)2) were used for solubilization assay. Our results shows 11 mm clear halo zone on agar plates amended with ZnO. Likewise, ZSB13 showed significant release of Zn in broth amended with ZnCO3 (17 and 16.8 ppm) and ZnO (18.2 ppm). Furthermore, Zn resistance genes czcD was also enriched in ZSB13. In our study, bacterial strain comprising Zn solubilization potential has been isolated that could be further used for the growth enhancement of crops.

scholarly journals Laccases: structure, function, and potential application in water bioremediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Arregui ◽  
Marcela Ayala ◽  
Ximena Gómez-Gil ◽  
Guadalupe Gutiérrez-Soto ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Hernández-Luna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Solvent Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Immobilization Of Enzymes ◽  
Biotechnological Processes

AbstractThe global rise in urbanization and industrial activity has led to the production and incorporation of foreign contaminant molecules into ecosystems, distorting them and impacting human and animal health. Physical, chemical, and biological strategies have been adopted to eliminate these contaminants from water bodies under anthropogenic stress. Biotechnological processes involving microorganisms and enzymes have been used for this purpose; specifically, laccases, which are broad spectrum biocatalysts, have been used to degrade several compounds, such as those that can be found in the effluents from industries and hospitals. Laccases have shown high potential in the biotransformation of diverse pollutants using crude enzyme extracts or free enzymes. However, their application in bioremediation and water treatment at a large scale is limited by the complex composition and high salt concentration and pH values of contaminated media that affect protein stability, recovery and recycling. These issues are also associated with operational problems and the necessity of large-scale production of laccase. Hence, more knowledge on the molecular characteristics of water bodies is required to identify and develop new laccases that can be used under complex conditions and to develop novel strategies and processes to achieve their efficient application in treating contaminated water. Recently, stability, efficiency, separation and reuse issues have been overcome by the immobilization of enzymes and development of novel biocatalytic materials. This review provides recent information on laccases from different sources, their structures and biochemical properties, mechanisms of action, and application in the bioremediation and biotransformation of contaminant molecules in water. Moreover, we discuss a series of improvements that have been attempted for better organic solvent tolerance, thermo-tolerance, and operational stability of laccases, as per process requirements.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF TiO2/SERICITE COMPOSITE MATERIAL WITH FAVORABLE PIGMENTS PROPERTIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (08) ◽  
pp. 1950039 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU LIANG ◽  
WANTING CHEN ◽  
GUANG YANG ◽  
HAO DING ◽  
XIFENG HOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
The Cost

A unique method of preparing TiO2/sericite composite particles material was investigated by coating anatase TiO2 on the surface of sericite via chemical precipitation method. The results of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, infrared spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that TiO2 coated uniformly on the surface of sericite, and Si-O-Ti chemical bonds are formed during the thermal treatment process. The hiding power of Ti/SE-CPM composite is up to 85% of TiO2 white pigments, and the oil absorption value was equal to TiO2 white pigments. All these data demonstrated that the obtained Ti/SE-CPM samples have similar excellent properties compared with anatase TiO2 white pigments. Therefore, this study provides a feasible way of reducing the usage of TiO2 while maintaining similar pigment properties, which, of course, will reduce the cost, protect our environment and has a potential application in large-scale production of white pigments.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Burkholderia gladioli from Orchids in Hawaii

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 1273-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa M. Keith ◽  
Kelvin T. Sewake ◽  
Francis T. Zee
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cupric Sulfate ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Leaf Spots ◽  
Gene Testing ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Burkholderia Gladioli

Bacterial diseases of orchids continue to be serious problems. Bacterial strains were isolated from orchid plants exhibiting disease symptoms in Hawaii. Small to large leaf spots with or without water-soaking or soft rots were observed on various orchid genera, including Dendrobium, Oncidium, and Miltonia spp. and hybrids. Bacteria isolated and cultured from the lesions were tentatively identified using analytical profile index (API) strips and standard physiological and biochemical tests, and confirmed by species-specific polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The variation in pathogenic, morphological, cultural, and molecular characteristics of the orchid isolates also was evaluated. In our studies, a gramnegative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that produced pale yellow, opaque, round colonies with entire margins on nutrient broth yeast extract agar (NBY) was isolated consistently from diseased orchid plants. On yeast dextrose calcium carbonate agar, the isolates produced brownishyellow, nonmucoid colonies, with the majority of the strains secreting a diffusible yellow or tan pigment into the media. The bacterium was identified as Burkholderia gladioli. Molecular analysis indicated very little diversity in the 16S rDNA gene. Testing B. gladioli isolates using media containing copper or streptomycin indicated varying levels of resistance (copper resistant = Cur; streptomycin resistant, Smr), with approximately 75% of the strains resistant to copper and 94% of the strains resistant to streptomycin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cupric sulfate among Cur strains ranged from 50 to 1,000 μg/ml and the MIC of streptomycin was 50 to 100 μg/ml for all Smr B. gladioli strains tested. Field and laboratory data suggest the frequent use of these chemicals in nurseries may have inadvertently resulted in the development of copper and streptomycin resistance in B. gladioli from orchids.

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