scholarly journals Waist Circumference Is More Closely Associated with Hypogonadism than Is Hyperglycemia, Independent of BMI in Middle-Aged Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Po-Sheng Hsu ◽  
Chia-Lien Hung ◽  
Shih-Kai Tu ◽  
Hsin-Hung Chen ◽  
Deng-Ho Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Introduction. To evaluate whether waist circumference (WC) or hyperglycemia is more closely associated with hypogonadism in middle-aged men. Research Design and Methods. This cross-sectional study analyzed male participants under 65 years old from the MJ Health Screening Center in Taiwan from 2007 to 2016. Basic patient characteristics with relevant parameters were obtained. We used the chi-square test to perform a correlation analysis for HbA1c and WC between participants with and without hypogonadism. A one-way ANOVA with post hoc Scheffe’s method was applied to compare the mean testosterone (T) among the HbAlc and WC groups (normal blood sugar with normal WC (NBSNW), abnormal blood sugar with normal WC (ABSNW), normal blood sugar with abnormal WC (NBSAW), and abnormal blood sugar with abnormal waist circumference (ABSAW)). Results. The 5,680 participants were divided into two groups based on the presence ( n = 599 ) or absence of hypogonadism ( n = 5,081 ), which was defined as total   testosterone   TT < 300   ng / dL . The mean TT of group NBSAW ( 443.71 ± 220.59   ng / dl ) was significantly lower than that of group ABSNW ( 506.64 ± 191.08   ng / dl , p < 0.001 ). Moreover, the mean TT of group ABSAW ( 398.89 ± 146.24   ng / dl ) was significantly lower than that of group ABSNW ( 506.64 ± 191.08   ng / dl , p < 0.001 ). The ORs after adjusting for BMI, TG, HDL, SBP, and DBP were statistically significant when comparing NBSAW vs. NBSNW ( OR = 2.846 ; 95 % CI = 2.266 – 3.575 ; p < 0.001 ), ABSNW vs. NDNW ( OR = 1.693 ; 95 % CI = 1.309 – 2.189 ; p < 0.001 ), and ABSAW vs. NBSNW ( OR = 4.613 ; 95 % CI = 3.634 – 5.856 ; p < 0.001 ). Conclusion. The current study showed that WC should be the risk factor that is more closely associated with hypogonadism than hyperglycemia in middle-aged men.

scholarly journals Systemic disorders and the prognosis of stroke in Congolese patients: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Marc Tshilanda ◽  
Ulrick S. Kanmounye ◽  
Remy Kapongo ◽  
Michel Tshiasuma
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Patient ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arterial Hypotension ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Stroke Event ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death, disability, and dementia in developing countries. Our study aimed to evaluate the systemic disorders associated with mortality in patients admitted within 72 hours of the initial stroke event. Setting: The study took place at a tertiary hospital in Kinshasa. Participants: Patients admitted within 72 hours of the initial stroke event. Interventions: This cross-sectional study consisted of a retrospective review of stroke patient records from January 2016 to December 2018. The Pearson-Chi square test and odds ratios were calculated with a threshold of significance of 0.05. Main outcome measures: Mortality Results: We recruited 114 cases. The mean age was 61.8 ± 2.4 years, and the sex ratio was 1.78 in favor of men. Hypertension (76.3%), dyslipidemia (71.1%), and diabetes mellitus (58.8%) were the most frequent comorbidities. Most patients had hypoxia (85.9%), hypertension (82.4%), hyperglycemia (57.8%), and fever (28.1%). We registered thirty-two deaths (28.1%): 20 (62.5%) from the ischemic strokes, and 12 (37.5%) from hemorrhagic strokes. Systemic disorders with the worst prognosis during were arterial hypotension (OR=3.87, p >0.001), and fever (OR = 1.56, p = 0.047). Conclusion: Arterial hypotension and fever adversely affect stroke patient outcomes, and strokes are responsible for high mortality in Congo

scholarly journals Factors Related to the Number of Antral Follicles on InVitro Fertilization (IVF)

2016 ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Fransiskus C Raharja ◽  
Ketut Suwiyoga ◽  
IPG Wardhiana
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Infertile Patients

Objective: To determine factors which are related to the number of antral follicles on infertile patients. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF) clinic of Graha Tunjung, Sanglah hospital, Bali. All fertile patients following the IVF program were calculated the number of antral follicles in both ovarian using transgene USG. This sample was recruited by random sampling from April 1st, 2001 to April 30th, 2011. We analyzed the data using Chi square test through SPSS for Windows 17.0 version. Result: Of 102 samples, the mean of patients’ age was 32.9% (SD 4.6) years old. From 72 patients (70.6%) experienced above 3 years of infertile period, the primary infertile was on 69 patients (67.7%). There was a relationship between patients’ age and the number of antral follicles significantly (prevalence ratio (PR) 1.41; 95% CI 1.11- 1.79). Meanwhile, the number of antral follicles and type of infertile (PR 1.02; 95% CI 0.76-1.37) also infertile period (PR 0.95; 95% CI 0.72-1.27) were not associated significantly. Conclusion: Patients’ age has an association with the number of antral follicles on IVF. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 4-2: 75-77] Keywords: age, infertile, infertile period, number of antral follicles and type of infertile

scholarly journals Prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis in Females of Child-Bearing Age and Utility of pH and Whiff Test in Diagnosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Fakhar Uddin ◽  
Faiza Zeeshan ◽  
Rakhshanda Younus ◽  
Haleema Yasmin ◽  
Saima Bugti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Background: To determine the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among females of reproductive age and assessment of the effectiveness of pH and the Whiff test in its diagnosis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 100 subjects were included, coming with a complaint of vaginal discharge. The bacterial vaginosis was diagnosed by using the Nugent scoring system, Whiff and pH tests. The prevalence was calculated by descriptive statistics and using the Chi-square test and results were shown in percentages and mean with standard deviation. Results: The estimated prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among the local population of females of child-bearing age was found to be 39%. The mean age of females with bacterial vaginosis was 33.33±10.46 years. The Whiff test was positive in 89.74% cases, while pH was elevated in 94.87% females with bacterial vaginosis. Conclusion: Bacterial vaginosis is a frequent cause of vaginal discharge in females of reproductive age in Pakistan. The diagnosis can be easily made by using Whiff and pH tests even at resource-poor settings. Keywords: Bacterial vaginosis, Child-bearing age, pH test, Whiff test.

Orthodontic Treatment Need in Bangladeshi Young Adults Evaluated Through Dental Aesthetic Index

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kajol Chandra Paul ◽  
Md Zakir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Aim : The objectives of this study were to evaluate the severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in Bangladeshi young adults by using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI).Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Government and private college of Dhaka and Netrokona, Bangladesh. A total of 405 students (from 17 to 25 years old) were selected by convenience sampling. Students wearing orthodontic appliance or reporting a history of orthodontic treatment were excluded from the study. Clinical examinations were conducted using the Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI). The chi-square test (x2) was used to compare malocclusion severity. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare the changes in DAI scores and the mean DAI scores between various age groups. The t test was used to compare the mean DAI scores between sex groups.Results: 405 college students were examined, 305(75.3%) were boys and 100(24.7%) were girls. Most of the  students 277(68.4%) had DAI scores ? 25 with no or little malocclusion requiring slight  or no  orthodontic  treatment, 76(18.8%) had DAI score of 26-30 with definite malocclusion requiring elective orthodontic  treatment, 34(8.4%) had DAI score of 31-35 with severe type of malocclusion requiring highly desirable orthodontic treatment, 18(4.4%) had DAI score ? 36 with very severe or handicapping malocclusion requiring mandatory orthodontic treatment.Conclusion: The majority of the students in our study (68.4%) required no or little treatment; (12.8%) had definite malocclusion requiring definite orthodontic treatment.Ban J Orthod & Dentofac Orthop, April 2013; Vol-3, No.2

scholarly journals Complementary and Integrative Medicines Used by Cancer Patients to Cope With Chemotherapy-Related Taste Alterations

2022 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Tugbamenekli Tugbamenekli ◽  
◽  
Yasemin Yildirim ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complementary And Integrative Medicine ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Cancer is a global health problem. Taste change is one of the most common symptoms in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Cancer patients often use Complementary and Integrative Medicine (CIM) to manage chemotherapy complications. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate CIM used by cancer patients to cope with chemotherapy-related taste alterations. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 318 cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in an oncology hospital in Malatya City, Turkey. The samples were recruited by convenience sampling method. The study data were collected with a data form developed by the research team. Written permissions were obtained from all participants and the Ethics Committee. Frequencies, mean scores, and standard deviation were used to present descriptive findings. The independent t-test, Chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the obtained data. Results: The Mean±SD age of the patients was 65.18±8.36 years, and the mean duration of their diseases was 35.34±16.27 months. About 54.1% of the patients were female, and 42.8% had some information about CIM. Their primary source of information was other patients (49.6%), and 34.9% used CIM to cope with chemotherapy-related taste alterations. The most common method used was phytotherapy (50.5%), and the most commonly used herb was miracle fruit (21.4%). It was also determined that the frequency of CIM use was affected by age, illness duration, gender, living in a city, family history of cancer, having breast cancer, having information on CIM, having metastasis, and lacking complications (R2= 0.426, P=0.025). Conclusion: Cancer patients frequently use CIM to cope with chemotherapy-related taste alterations, and phytotherapy was the most commonly-used CIM.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Waist Circumference and The Event of Andropause in Male Employees in Government Institutions of Badung Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ayu Dian Indah Lestari ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Pramesemara ◽  
Yukhi Kurniawan
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Government Institutions ◽  
Slow Development ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Government

Background: Andropause occurs with slow development and is a physiological process in males. Andropause symptoms arise vary in individuals. One of the factors that influence these symptoms is obesity, especially central obesity with a waist circumference of >90 cm. Objective: The purpose of this study is to show the relationship between waist circumference and the event of andropause. Methods: This research is an analytical study with a cross-sectional study approach conducted in one of the government institutions of Badung Regency, Bali Province. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The subjects consisted of 40 male employees at aged around 35-60 years. The research data were obtained from filling out the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male (ADAM) score questionnaire and direct measurement of waist circumference. The statistical analysis used was the Chi-Square test. Results: The results showed that from 40 subjects, 23 (57.5%) subjects had a waist circumference of >90 cm, and a normal waist circumference of <90 cm in 17 (42.5%) subjects. There were 22 subjects (55.0%) who experienced andropause and 18 (45.0%) subjects who did not experience andropause. It was found that there was a significant relationship between waist circumference and the event of andropause among male employees in government institutions of Badung Regency (p = 0.001, OR = 11.7). Conclusion: The study has found that higher in waist circumference may contribute in the event of andropause. For further studies should takes a higher number of subjects to make it more accurate in wider population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of obesity in patients suffering from migraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4748
Author(s):  
Sidra J. Faruqi ◽  
Naila N. Shahbaz ◽  
Muhammad Yahya ◽  
Mehwish A. Butt ◽  
Faizan H. Memon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

Background: Migraine is one of the most common primary headaches, accounting for significant morbidity in patients suffering from it. An association between obesity and migraine has been documented in the past, despite some studies pointing to the contrary. Author’s purpose is to calculate the prevalence of obesity in migraine patients in order to contribute to the existing concepts. A positive correlation could lead to the employment of weight loss interventions in the management of obese patients with migraine.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 patients, recently diagnosed with migraine, attending the Neurology Outpatient Department at the Dr. Ruth KM Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi were enrolled after taking informed consent.  Migraine was diagnosed using International Classification of Headache Disorders III (ICHD III) criteria. Height (meters) and weight (kilograms) were measured and body mass index calculated. This data was kept confidential. The results were tabulated and analyzed using SPSS version 19.  Continuous quantitative data were analyzed using chi square test. A p Value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered significant.Results: The mean age of enrolled participants was 30.69±6.96 years, 204(51%) were >30 years of age, 159(39.8%) were male and 241(60.3%) were female, mean height was 1.55±0.1 meters, mean weight was 56.26±12.98 kg, and mean duration of migraine was 5.04±2.02 weeks. The prevalence of obesity in patients with migraine was 108 (27%).Conclusions: It was concluded that the prevalence of obesity in patients with migraine was 27%.

scholarly journals Measure nicotine dependence by the fagerström test for nicotine dependence

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-215
Author(s):  
Caroline Francieli WEBER ◽  
Patrícia HATSCHBACH ◽  
Sílvia Ataide PITHAN ◽  
Angela Isabel dos Santos DULLIUS
Keyword(s):  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the level of nicotine dependence of smokers in a university dental clinic in southern Brazil using the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence and identify those who would like to quit smoking. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out with 93 Dental School patients, who underwent a face-to-face interview with four researchers. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-Square test with a significance level of 5%. Results The mean age of the smokers was 47.90 and most had had up to eight years of schooling, and had a family income of less than 1,000 Brazilian Reais. The degree of nicotine dependence was classified, by the mean, 4.45 ± 2.53 points (±SD). There was a significant correlation between nicotine dependence and the number of cigarettes smoked per day. Conclusion The 1% sodium hypochlorite solution caused least damage to the denture structure, not leading to decrease of the superficial microhardness.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome and Its Relationship with Ergonomic and Individual Factors in Presbyopic VDT Workers Using Progressive Addition Lenses

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Sánchez-Brau ◽  
Begoña Domenech-Amigot ◽  
Francisco Brocal-Fernández ◽  
Jose Antonio Quesada-Rico ◽  
Mar Seguí-Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Computer Vision Syndrome ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Progressive Addition Lenses ◽  
The Mean

This cross-sectional study estimated computer vision syndrome (CVS) prevalence and analysed its relationship with video display terminal (VDT) exposure, as well as sociodemographic, refractive, environmental, and ergonomic characteristics in 109 presbyopic VDT workers wearing progressive addition lenses (PALs). Usual spectacles were measured with a lens analyser, and subjective refraction was performed by an optometrist. CVS was measured with the CVS-Q©. VDT exposure was collected. Ergonomic evaluations were conducted in a normal working posture looking at the screen. Air temperature and relative humidity were measured (thermohygrometer), and illumination was measured (luxmeter). Descriptive analysis and differences in CVS prevalence, as a function of the explanatory variables, were performed (chi-square test). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with CVS (OR and 95% CI). The mean age was 54.0 ± 4.8 years, and 43.1% were women. The mean hours of VDT use at work was 6.5 ± 1.3 hours/day. The prevalence of CVS was 74.3%. CVS was significantly associated with women (OR 3.40; 95% CI, 1.12–10.33), non-neutral neck posture (OR 3.27; 95% CI, 1.03–10.41) and altered workplace lighting (OR 3.64; 95% CI, 1.22–10.81). Providing training and information to workers regarding the importance of adequate lighting and ergonomic postures during VDT use is advised to decrease CVS and increase workplace quality of life.

scholarly journals Asupan makan DASH-like diet untuk mencegah risiko hipertensi pada wanita prediabetes

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Ayu Rahadiyanti ◽  
Budi Yuli Setianto ◽  
Martalena Br Purba
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertension Risk ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Diet Intake ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
The Impact

Background: Prediabetics have cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Unhealthy food intake can increase the risk of hypertension in prediabetes. Prediabetes hypertension has the impact on increasing prevalence of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A cohort study has shown that DASH diet is related to the lower incidence of hypertension in women (1).Objective: Of this study had the purpose to know that inappropriate DASH-like diet intake is associated with hypertension risk at prediabetes women in Puskesmas Tlogosari Kulon Semarang.Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Puskesmas Tlogosari Kulon area on January – March 2014 among 117 prediabetes women. The subjects were selected using consecutive sampling. Independent variable in this study was DASH-like diet intake which assessed from FFQ and the dependent variable was hypertension risk. The subject was classified as at risk for hypertension if, in seated position, the mean of the two measurements was ≥120/80 mmHg. Chi-Square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data.Results: The mean of DASH-like diet score in subjects who were not at hypertension risk (3.31) was higher than subjects who were at hypertension risk (3.23). There was 90,77% person with hypertension risk who did not consume DASH-like diet properly. But the association of DASH-like diet intake with hypertension risk was not significant (p=0.194). The multivariate result showed that there was association between family history (p=0.047), obesity (p=0.016), and fat intake (p=0.015) with hypertension risk.Conclusion: Inappropriate DASH-like diet intake may increase the risk of hypertension, but it is not statistically significant.

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