scholarly journals Optimum Height and Tilt Angle of the Solar Receiver for a 30 kWe Solar Tower Power Plant for the Electricity Production in the Sahelian Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Kory Faye ◽  
Ababacar Thiam ◽  
Mactar Faye
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Tilt Angle ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Optical Efficiency ◽  
Optimum Height ◽  
Solar Receiver ◽  
Reflecting Surface ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
Sahelian Zone

This work investigated the prediction of the optimum height and tilt angle of the solar receiver of a 30 kWe solar tower power plant for the electricity production in the Sahelian zone. Initially, the solar field is sized to determine the total reflecting surface area of the mirrors and the number of heliostats. A PS10-like radially staggered heliostat field is used to design the heliostat layout in the field using a Matlab code. The concentrated solar flux at the input of the receiver was determined using Soltrace software by the Monte Carlo ray tracing (MCRT) method. The sizing results show that the total reflecting surface area is 350 m2 for an optical efficiency of 76.4% and a reference DNI of 600 W/m2. The solar field layout indicates 175 heliostats of 2 m2 surface area and 1.5 m height each. The simulation results show that the optimum height and tilt angle of the solar receiver are 26 m and 65°, respectively.

Preliminary Analysis of a 100-kWth Mini-Tower Solar Field With an Integrated Optical Waveguide Receiver for Solar Chemistry

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelio Gonzalez ◽  
Jose Gonzalez-Aguilar ◽  
Manuel Romero
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Plant Design ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Light Waveguide ◽  
Solar Receiver ◽  
Integrated Optical Waveguide ◽  
Solar Field

Solar-driven thermochemical hydrogen production, CO2 abatement technologies and production of solar fuels and chemicals in general, are candidates in the near future to be scaled-up at solar thermal concentrating facilities in the framework of demonstration projects. Chemical demonstrators undoubtedly will be more demanding in terms of temperature and solar flux than current applications oriented to electricity production. Some of the more promising H2 production technologies are already in the position to scaling reactors up to the 1-MWth level. Demonstration scale useful to develop new solar chemistry processes usually considers input thermal powers between 100 kWth and 1,000 kWth. In this range, the best option is making use of mini-towers with heliostat fields. Then, the challenge is to efficiently introduce high fluxes (above 2,000 kW/m2) with a small field of heliostats in solar chemical reactors (usually requiring high temperatures, above 1,000 °C, and high pressures). In order to overcome it, some authors have proposed the use of light waveguides collecting systems for directing concentrated solar light towards a reactor cavity (1, 2, and 3). This solution makes possible the use of a large variety of reactor geometries and to guarantee the reactor tightness even working at high pressures. However it becomes the critical component of the plant design since it largely governs the facility efficiency and configuration due to its optical properties. This work presents the design of a 100-kWth demonstration plant placed in Mo´stoles, Spain (40° 20′ N, 3° 52′ W) with the concepts mentioned above, in which the light waveguide system is formed by a set of units that are composed by a secondary concentrator and a bundle of optical fibers. This study has paid special attention to optical performances of the facility by analyzing the coupling between solar heliostats field layout and the solar receiver composed by light waveguides. In addition, the paper provides information on sizing, efficiencies and expected investment cost based on light waveguides specifications.

Heat Flux Distribution Over a Solar Central Receiver Using an Aiming Strategy Based on a Conventional Closed Control Loop

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús García ◽  
Yen Chean Soo Too ◽  
Ricardo Vasquez Padilla ◽  
Rodrigo Barraza Vicencio ◽  
Andrew Beath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Multiple Input Multiple Output ◽  
Control Loop ◽  
Heat Flux Distribution ◽  
Input Multiple Output ◽  
Solar Receiver ◽  
Solar Field

Solar thermal towers are a maturing technology that have the potential to supply a significant part of energy requirements of the future. One of the issues that needs careful attention is the heat flux distribution over the central receiver’s surface. It is imperative to maintain receiver’s thermal stresses below the material limits. Therefore, an adequate aiming strategy for each mirror is crucial. Due to the large number of mirrors present in a solar field, most aiming strategies work using a data base that establishes an aiming point for each mirror depending on the relative position of the sun and heat flux models. This paper proposes a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) closed control loop based on a methodology that allows using conventional control strategies such as those based on Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controllers. Results indicate that even this basic control loop can successfully distribute heat flux on the solar receiver.

scholarly journals Comparative Modeling of a Parabolic Trough Collectors Solar Power Plant with MARS Models

Energies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Rogada ◽  
Lourdes Barcia ◽  
Juan Martinez ◽  
Mario Menendez ◽  
Francisco de Cos Juez
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Solar Field

Power plants producing energy through solar fields use a heat transfer fluid that lends itself to be influenced and changed by different variables. In solar power plants, a heat transfer fluid (HTF) is used to transfer the thermal energy of solar radiation through parabolic collectors to a water vapor Rankine cycle. In this way, a turbine is driven that produces electricity when coupled to an electric generator. These plants have a heat transfer system that converts the solar radiation into heat through a HTF, and transfers that thermal energy to the water vapor heat exchangers. The best possible performance in the Rankine cycle, and therefore in the thermal plant, is obtained when the HTF reaches its maximum temperature when leaving the solar field (SF). In addition, it is necessary that the HTF does not exceed its own maximum operating temperature, above which it degrades. The optimum temperature of the HTF is difficult to obtain, since the working conditions of the plant can change abruptly from moment to moment. Guaranteeing that this HTF operates at its optimal temperature to produce electricity through a Rankine cycle is a priority. The oil flowing through the solar field has the disadvantage of having a thermal limit. Therefore, this research focuses on trying to make sure that this fluid comes out of the solar field with the highest possible temperature. Modeling using data mining is revealed as an important tool for forecasting the performance of this kind of power plant. The purpose of this document is to provide a model that can be used to optimize the temperature control of the fluid without interfering with the normal operation of the plant. The results obtained with this model should be necessarily contrasted with those obtained in a real plant. Initially, we compare the PID (proportional–integral–derivative) models used in previous studies for the optimization of this type of plant with modeling using the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) model.

scholarly journals Reduction of Unburned Carbon Release and NOx Emission from a Pulverized Wood Pellet Boiler Retrofitted for Fuel Switching from Coal

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiseok Lee ◽  
Seunghan Yu ◽  
Jinje Park ◽  
Hyunbin Jo ◽  
Jongkeun Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Unburned Carbon ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Wood Pellet ◽  
Operating Variables ◽  
Carbon Release ◽  
Air Staging

For renewable electricity production, biomass can fully displace coal in an existing power plant with some equipment modifications. Recently, a 125 MWe power plant burning mainly anthracite in Korea was retrofitted for dedicated wood pellet combustion with a change of boiler configuration from arch firing to wall firing. However, this boiler suffers from operational problems caused by high unburned carbon (UBC) contents in the bottom ash. This study comprises an investigation of some methods to reduce the UBC release while achieving lower NOx emissions. The computational fluid dynamics approach was established and validated for typical operating data. Subsequently, it was applied to elucidate the particle combustion and flow characteristics leading to the high UBC content and to evaluate the operating variables for improving the boiler performance. It was found that the high UBC content in the bottom ash was a combined effect of the poor fuel grindability and low gas velocity in the wide burner zone originating from the arch-firing boiler. This prevented the operation with deeper air staging for lower NOx emissions. Reducing the particle size to <1.5 mm by modifying mills or pretreating the fuel using torrefaction was the only effective way of lowering the UBC and NOx emissions with deeper air staging while increasing the boiler efficiency.

A GCC Power Plant With Methanol Storage for Intermediate-Load Duty

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Paffenbarger
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Electrical Demand ◽  
Integrated Facility ◽  
Plant Configuration

This paper describes the design and performance of a coal gasification combined-cycle power plant with an integrated facility for producing and storing methanol (GCC/methanol power plant). The methanol is produced at a steady rate and is burned in the combined cycle to generate additional power during periods of peak electrical demand. The GCC/methanol plant provides electricity generation and energy storage in one coal-based facility. It is of potential interest to electric utilities seeking to meet intermediate-load electrical demand on their systems. The plant configuration is determined by means of an innovative economic screening methodology considering capital and fuel costs over a range of cycling duties (capacity factors). Estimated levelized electricity production costs indicate that a GCC/methanol plant could be of economic interest as premium fuel prices increase relative to coal. The plant could potentially be of interest for meeting daily peak demands for periods of eight hours or less. The conceptual plant configuration employs a Texaco gasifier and a Lurgi methanol synthesis plant. Plant performance is estimated at peak and baseload output levels. No unusual design or operational problems were identified.

scholarly journals A Direct-Steam Linear Fresnel Performance Model for NREL’S System Advisor Model

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Wagner ◽  
Guangdong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Loss ◽  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Performance Model ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Steam Generation ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Direct Steam ◽  
Solar Field

This paper presents the technical formulation and demonstrated model performance results of a new direct-steam-generation (DSG) model in NREL’s System Advisor Model (SAM). The model predicts the annual electricity production of a wide range of system configurations within the DSG Linear Fresnel technology by modeling hourly performance of the plant in detail. The quasi-steady-state formulation allows users to investigate energy and mass flows, operating temperatures, and pressure drops for geometries and solar field configurations of interest. The model includes tools for heat loss calculation using either empirical polynomial heat loss curves as a function of steam temperature, ambient temperature, and wind velocity, or a detailed evacuated tube receiver heat loss model. Thermal losses are evaluated using a computationally efficient nodal approach, where the solar field and headers are discretized into multiple nodes where heat losses, thermal inertia, steam conditions (including pressure, temperature, enthalpy, etc.) are individually evaluated during each time step of the simulation. This paper discusses the mathematical formulation for the solar field model and describes how the solar field is integrated with the other subsystem models, including the power cycle and optional auxiliary fossil system. Model results are also presented to demonstrate plant behavior in the various operating modes.

scholarly journals ANALISIS POTENSI PENGHEMATAN PADA PLTU UNIT 5 DENGAN AUDIT ENERGI PADA MOTOR PEMAKAIAN SENDIRI DI PT PJB MUARA KARANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Redaksi Tim Jurnal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Voltage Source ◽  
Personal Use

PT PJB Muara Karang power plant is an industry with a large electrical energy consumption for auxiliary power. In ISO50001 itensitas Energy Consumption (IKE) is a great need to audit energy consumption. In the contract the company's performance also set a percentage of personal use should not exceed 6% of the electricity production. Currently Posentase usage of own consumption at power plant unit 5 is greater than the power plant unit 4. It is necessary for an energy audit for the usage of its own in order to decrease the percentage of personal use in the power plant 5 0.5% of the current conditions and find energy savings opportunities in the power plant unit 5.To analyze this problem using energy audits, analyzes the performance test method using "gate cycle" and testing the quality of the voltage source by using the power quality measurement analysis. Having found the equipment with the largest energy comsumtion fish bone tools used to find the main cause of this disorder.

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